Presentation about an initiative to use energy more efficiently while mitigation Carbon emissions

1. Costa Rica
Clean Energy
Initiative

2. Peak Oil
Sometime over the next months
or years when the current
economic crisis ends, the price of
oil will go up to keep a balance
between Supply and Demand
This increase in cost, will
challenge countries to find
alternative sources of energy
and to become more energy
efficient
Volatility and uncertainty in the
price of oil is an extra burden
that consumers, investor and
producers have not been able to
manage well.
This increase of efficiency take
years and a moving to a oil-free
economy will take decades

3. Energy Consumption
10 BOE
3
Oil Costa Rica has increased the use of energy over
Biomass time to sustain economic growth
Electric Energy In 2007 it consumed 23 MM BOE or 64,000 BOE
Coal per Day
BOE = Barrels of Oil Equivalent (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barrel_of_oil_equivalent )

4. Energy Consumption by Source
Of the energy consumed, 65.7% was Oil
That is 42,000 Barrels of Oil per Day (65.7%@ 64,000 BOE)

5. Consumption of Oil by Sector
Of that, 32,000 Barrels of Oil per Day was used on
Transportation (77%@ 42,000 Barrels of Oil)
Others
Public Services
Commercial & Services
Agriculture
Residential
Industry
Transportation

6. Electric Energy Generation
In Costa Rica more than 90% of Electric Energy comes
from Renewable Sources
Hydro
Geothermal
Wind
Biomass
Oil

7. Long Term Goals…
Costa Rica is relatively well positioned to reduce
its dependency for Oil, by using surplus Electric
Energy from renewable resources
This is consistent with the goal set by President
Arias for the country to become Carbon Neutral
by 2021.
Doing this would boost the economy with the
investment to grow Renewable Energy
production while reducing imports of Oil.
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8. Costa Rica Clean Energy
Initiative
Reduce Oil consumption 2,500 Barrels of Oil
per day in 3 years.
This can be accomplished by storing excess
Electric Energy of peak times to be used on
transportation.
That would translates into savings of $64
million per year (@ $70 per Barrel of Oil)
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9. Costa Rica Clean Energy
Initiative
Setup a tax on Oil
A tax that would set a floor at the price of a barrel of oil at $70.
This would provide financing for this plan, for public transportation systems and for
increasing renewable energy production base.
It would provide certainty for the consumers to make purchase decisions.
Most important however is that it would take financial uncertainty to allow the market
economy to finance the new projects
Store excess electric energy into Hydrogen, Electric Batteries or Air:
The public utility companies already have a low cost plans when the energy is used at off
peak hours.
Since the average drive in San Jose is less that 90 Km per day, most of the energy would be
stored on the batteries at night at home.
Promote purchase and conversion of Vehicles:
Promote conversion and purchase of Electric vehicles, Air vehicles and Plug-in-Hybrid
electric vehicles
Promote/Require Public transportation vehicles that run on Hydrogen
This can be done by eliminating import duties on these type of vehicles (overall import tax
on vehicles is 65%).
Develop the infrastructure required to provide energy to the vehicles:
60% of the population of Costa Rica lives on a 70 by 20 mile valley. With a handful of
stations, full coverage can be accomplished.
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10. Clean Technologies
Use of Electric Energy to power vehicles:
http://www.betterplace.com/
Conversion of vehicles into Plug-in-Hybrids:
http://ecobella.blogspot.com/2008/12/electric-plan-for-energy-
resilience.html
Use of Air Vehicles:
http://ecobella.blogspot.com/2008/07/first-compressed-air-vehicles-
mdi.html
http://www.mdi.lu/english/
Use of Hydrogen to power vehicles:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen_vehicle
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11. Rationale
In 2007 Costa Rica consumed 23 MM BOE or 64,000 BOE per Day
Of that it used 42,000 Barrels of Oil per Day (65.7%@ 64,000
BOE)
And 32,000 Barrels of Oil per Day was used on Transportation
(77%@ 42,000 Barrels of Oil)
Costa Rica produced 12,700 BOE per Day in Electric Energy
(19.8% @ 64,000 BOE per Day)
The Electric Energy installed capacity supplies 90% of the energy
at peak time.
About 50% of time (12 hrs/day) the system is 40% under peak
capacity. If we could store that energy to be used in
transportation, that would save an equivalent of 2,500 bpd
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