the delicate topic of Sustainable Development through a book which I have co-authored and give to the audience also a perspective on how Education can sensitively provide support for this framework. I will participate in my role of affiliate professor of management and behavior for Grenoble Graduate School of Business, France ( www.ggsb.com) by mark esposito (m.esposito@ht.umass.edu)

1. INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AIAER on Internationalizing Higher Education January 28-30, 2008 Sustainable Future of Mankind: „ A Roadmap journey “ Mark Esposito, Ph.D. Affiliate Professor of Management & Behavior Grenoble Graduate School of Business mark.esposito@grenoble-em.com

4. What is a classical definition of sustainable development? Social/Society Economy Environment Governance issue Traditional domain of political economy (ethics and economy/management) Time dimension Space dimension development seeking to meet the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs Source: Bruntland report (1987) interdependencies

5. Reveal profound differences in problems and perspectives… Global Issues Local Issues old rich millions affluence “ global people” resource surpluses causes of climate change technological knowledge theory driven research poor, young billions poverty “ local people” resource shortages impacts of climate change traditional knowledge action driven research Digital and capacity divides

6. What we Know - State of the world environment warrants attention 1. Population (x billion people) 2.5 3.8 5.8 10.7 2. Megacities (>8 million) 2 9 25 200 3. Food (calories/capita) 1980 2450 2770 2200 4. Fisheries (Million ton/yr) 19 58 91 35 5. Water Use (km3/yr) 1300 2600 4200 7500 6. Rainforest (1950=100) 100 85 70 45 7. CO 2 Emissions (billion ton/yr) 1.6 4.9 7.0 14.0 8. Ozone Layer (CFC’s in ppb) – 1.4 3.0 7.0 Source: World Resource Institute, 1996 1950 1972 1997 2050

7. The challenge of sustainable development arises from these two major converging trends. Decline in resource availability and ecosystems Impact = Population x Consumption x Technology Diminishing margin for action Sustainability

8. World population is increasing to unprecedented levels.

9. Massive flows of material and energy are used to meet the needs of this expanding population. Source: USGS 1900 1960 1920 1940 1980 1995 0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 Millions of Metric Short Tons Raw Materials Consumed in the US -More than all previous societies combined Graph of population growth

11. Atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions are rising. Carbon Emissions from Fossil Fuel and Cement 0 1000000 2000000 3000000 4000000 5000000 6000000 7000000 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 Million Metric Tons of Carbon Central and South America Africa Far East Centrally Planned Asia Middle East Centrally Planned Europe Oceania Western Europe Germany North America Source: CDIAC

12. Surface temperatures have warmed over the past century. WORLD RESOURCES INSTITUTE

15. Companies evolve in how they manage environmental and related issues . Environmental Compliance Risk Management Sustainable Development “ End-of-pipe” Limit impact of current activities Pollution prevention; Management systems Redesign to eliminate impacts of activities Strategic integration Change activities and design of industrial system

21. In contrast, our industrial system functions primarily in a linear fashion. Take Make Waste Only 6% of material flow in ends up in products Source: Hawken, Lovins, Natural Capitalism Take “natural capital,” structured valuable material, and process it into unusable waste

22. This industrial system, operating on an ever larger scale, is embedded in and affecting nature’s cycle.

23. The impact of our expanding industrial system on the environment affects both sources and sinks. Forests Fisheries Topsoil Groundwater Freshwater CO 2 NOx Synthetic compounds (CFC’s, DDT) Urban development Deforestation Desertification Sources Key resource bases are being exploited at rates faster than their ability to regenerate. Sinks The available land area where nature can break down and recycle wastes is shrinking. The quantity and types of wastes created by industrial societies cannot be fully absorbed and recycled by nature. Economy Environment

24. These impacts can create unexpected barriers for business . 3M decided to phase out production of Scotchguard (2% of annual sales) after finding trace amounts in blood samples of people and wildlife worldwide, even in countries where the product was never sold or manufactured. ($1 million charge against earnings in 2000) An activist group has convinced 250 major companies to commit to phasing out all purchases of old growth forest products. At BHP’s large copper mine in Papa New Guinea, mine tailings have drained into a river for 15 years. This has led to class action legal claims and public scrutiny. Shell faced NGO outrage and consumer boycotts of its gas stations over its decision to dispose the Brent Spar oil platform at sea.

27. Other barriers for business can arise when people feel their needs are not met or they are being treated unfairly. Testimonial: http://www.wbcsd.org/web/stream/sl/procter/pur.html Global human rights groups and labor organizations are focusing increased attention on corporate practices. The Internet can be used to quickly disseminate information about corporate practices worldwide. Shell was the subject of condemnation and boycotts by NGOs associated with its operations in Nigeria. It was viewed as having complicit involvement in the violations of human rights by state security forces and the lack of economic benefits of oil production for local communities.

29. The Sustainability “Stool” Education for Sustainable Development Environmental Principles Developing Systems Thinkers Spiritual Principles Social Principles Economic Principles

30. STUDENT ATTITUDE SKILLS KNOWLEDGE BUILDING CAPACITY for A SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

32. 2000 UN Millenium Summit Halve Extreme Poverty Universal Primary Education Empowerment of Women/ gender equality Reduce <5 mortality by 2/3 Reduce maternal mortality by 3/4 Reverse spread of diseases, esp. HIV/AIDS, Malaria Ensure Environmental Sustainability Form a Global Development Partnership for aid, trade, debt relief Millennium Development Goals by 2015 Background/ History cont’d…