prevent withdrawal symptoms of TOBACO

2. Introduction smoking
 Smoke contents
- 4000 chemicals
- 400 toxic
- 43 known cancer causing

3. Contents of cigarette smoke
Acetone Cyanide
Aluminum DDT/Dieldrin
Ammonia Ethenol
Arsenic Formaldehyde
Benzene Hydrogen cyanide
Butane Lead
Cadmium Methanol
Carbon monoxide Nicotine
Carbon dioxide Tar
Chloroform Vinyl Chloride

5. Nicotine addiction
 Nicotine increases several neurotransmitters
like dopamine
 These neurotransmitters cause the
euphoria & relaxation to brain
Nicotine withdrawal
Symptoms
• Tension
• Drowsiness
• Lack of concentration
• Irritability

6. Types of NRT
 Nicotine Medications
- Nicotine patches
- Nicotine gum
- Nicotine lozenge
- Nicotine oral inhalers
- Nicotine nasal spray

7. Non-Nicotine Medications
 By nicotine agonists  By nicotine antagonists
- acetyl choline - Bupropion
- choline - mecamylamine
- - 18-methoxy
epibatidine coronaridie
- lobeline
- varenicline

8. Nicotine medication
Nicotine patches
Use:
-Apply to clean skin area (upper trunk/ arms)
-24 or 16 hour dosing
Dosing:
14-21mg/patch
Length of Treatment:
-Up to 12 weeks

9. side effects
 Drowsiness, hallucination
 Skin irritation
 Allergic reaction

10. Nicotine gum
 Use: Chew and park Slow, buccal
absorption
 Dosing:
2-4mg/day
Length of Treatment
8-10 weeks

11. Side effects
 High amount nicotine produce irritation
 Prolonged usage may cause ediction

12. Nicotine Lozenge
 These are nicotine sublingual tablets
 Nicotine is absorbed through lining of
mouth

13. Nicotine Nasal spray/inhaler
 This are aerosols contain
nicotine
 They are absorbed through
lining of the nose and through
lungs
 They show quick onset of
action

14. Side effect
Nose and throat irritation

15. Non –nicotine medication
Varenicline
 Partial agonist
 Action at α4β2 nicotine receptor
 Blocks nicotine from binding to
receptor
 Releases lower amounts of
dopamine

16. Dose
 Treatment with Varenicline begins one week
before the quit date.
 0.5-1mg every day
Adverse effects
 Nausea
 Head ache
 Difficulty to sleep
 Vomiting
 Constipation

17. Bupropion
 It is an α3β4 nicotinic antagonist
 Bupropion is a dopamine and
norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
Dose
 Start 7-10 days prior to quit date
 Dose150-300mg every day
 Continue 7-12 weeks or longer
17

18. Adverse effects
 hypertension
 Insomnia
 Dryness of mouth
 Seizures

19. CONCLUSION
 NRT is being provided to assist tobacco
users to become tobacco free.
 NRT is not a treatment in itself, but is
intended to complement the other
assessments and treatments provided.
 Pharmacotherapy works and is relatively
safe and more effective.

20. Thank you