The document provides strategies for taking effective field notes during ethnographic research. It recommends developing a note-taking technique or log to record observations, conversations, and one's reactions. Specific strategies include describing what strikes you as most interesting or noteworthy, including absences, and following frameworks that document space, actors, activities, objects, actions, events, time, goals, and feelings. It also emphasizes the recursive nature of data collection and analysis, with regular coding, writing, and comparing of field notes and narratives. Ethical guidelines for field work include avoiding harm, respecting participants, and consulting with affected groups.

1. From field to desk

8. Data Analysis as a Recursive Process ORAL NARATIVES GROUP INTERACTIONS WRITTEN TEXTS CLASSROOM DISCUSSIONS ONLINE INTERACTIONS