Present status of Fish DNA bar-coding

1. Present status and future prospects of DNA barcoding in fish with
special reference to India

2. Content
Introduction COI Gene
DNA
barcoding
protocol
Review of past
studies in
world
Indian
scenario
Review of past
studies in
India
Protocol conclusion

3. What is DNA barcoding?
DNA barcoding is a taxnomic method that uses a short genetic
marker in an organism's DNA to identify it as belonging to a
particular species.
It differs from molecular phylogeny in that the main goal is not to
determine classification but to identify an unknown sample in terms
of a known classification.
DNA Barcoding is the genetic as well as taxonomic method which
analyses DNA sequence of a uniform target gene to enable species
identification.
example, if we write the barcode sequence of an barramundi (Lates
calcarifer) it would look like this:

4. History of DNA barcoding:
 Huge biodivercity 15700 marine and 13700 fresh water
species (Fish Base; WWW.Fish base org.).
DNA barcoding is a taxonomic method that uses a short
genetic marker in an organisms.
DNA Barcoding is the genetic as well as taxonomic
method which analyses DNA sequence of a uniform target
gene to enable species identification.
.
Introduction

5. Cont…
 Identifies not only whole fish but also fish eggs and
larvae, fish fragments, fish fillets and processed fish.
 The cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 mitochondrial
region (COI) is emerging as the standard barcode
region for higher animals.
 Efficient method for species level identification and
as such, will contribute powerfully to taxonomic
and biodiversity research.

6. COI Gene

7. Why COI Gene?

8. DNA Barcoding Protocol

10. Review of past studies in world

17.  India with its four of the 34 biodiversity global hotspots.
 Accounts for 7.8% of the global finfish diversity (Database of
NBFGR).
Indian scenario
2,553 Indigenous fin fishes
1,563 Marine species
291 Exotic species
2,934 Species of crustaceans
765 Echinoderms
486 Sponges
844 Seaweed species

19. The present study provides the first major
barcode records for 115 commercially important
Indian marine fish species belonging to 37
families.

23. Result of present study
• This study has strongly authenticated the efficacy
of COI in identifying the fish species with
designated barcodes.
• DNA sequences within species need to be similar
to one another than to sequences in different
species for making DNA barcoding approach
successful.
• These results suggest that COI barcoding can be
taken up as pragmatic approach for resolving
unambiguous identification of the fish fauna of
Indian Ocean with applications in its management
and conservation.

24. ADVANTAGES OF DNA BARCODING
Offers alternative taxonomic identification tool for
situations in which morphology is inconclusive.
DNA barcoding can speed up identification of new
species
Potential capacity for high throughput and
processing large numbers of samples

25. Ten reasons for identifying species by DNA
Barcodes
1. Works with fragments
2. Works for all stages of life
3. Unmasks look-alikes
4. Reduces ambiguity
5. Makes expertise go further
6. Democratizes access
7. Opens the way for an electronic handheld field guide,
the Life Barcode
8. Sprouts new leaves on the tree of life
9. Demonstrates value of collections
10.Speeds writing the encyclopedia of life

26. future prospects of DNA barcoding
• The State of Gujarat, having rich biodiversity, has
exclusive strengths in marine resources.
• The longest coastline confers enviable richness in
terms of species diversity with about 462 marine
species of flora and 782 species of marine fauna,
offer a vast potential base for research and
development.

27. Thank you