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                         3&%0"*.$454$




    2011
            !"#$%&'()%*+(,%+-%"(                       !"#$%&'(&#*&.(
    $                                                         (
    $
        Lan Sun (lansun@kth.se), 15 ECTS    (((((/#*&.(*01(2"#$%&'(#30%"(
                                                       Hervé Ntareme
        Qing An (qinga@kth.se), 15 ECTS
                                                      /#4&#*&.(
                                                   Michel Hognerud
        Jun Gao (jungao@kth.se), 15 ECTS
                                                      /.*+25#0(
        Laili Aidi (aidi@kth.se), 18 ECTS
                                                     Björn Pehrson!
    Yasir Ali (yasireal@kth.se), 15 ECTS




         SUMMER CSD
Wi-Fi Repeater
                                    Procurement & Research Document V1.1
                                                                                    !




                       Revision History

Version     Date             Responsible                     Change

 V1.0     2011-07-15      Laili Aidi & Qing An    Initial version of the document

 V1.1     2011-10-07           Laili Aidi            Cover and Introduction




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                                                                Contents

Contents .............................................................................................................................................3!

Summary.............................................................................................................................................4!

1. Basic Information ...........................................................................................................................5!

2. Network & Hardware Analysis........................................................................................................6!

   2.1 Analysis of the Network Requirement .......................................................................................6!

   2.3 Analysis of the Hardware (Ubiquity vs MicroTik) ......................................................................7!

3. Hardware Technical Detail............................................................................................................10!

   3.1 MicroTik WiFi Repeater ..........................................................................................................10!

   2.2 Ubiquity WiFi Repeater............................................................................................................13!

3. References.....................................................................................................................................21!




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                                           Summary

This document describes the WiFi Repeater procurement proposal for SomaliREN long distance link between
SomaliREN NOC in Hargeisa City and Amoud University in Borama City.




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1. Basic Information
In the common infrastructure network, the nodes must be configured to pass along traffic to other nodes.
However there might be some obstacle exist between the link that make the Line of Sight (LOS) become
impossible. The WiFi repeater is a node that is configured to rebroadcast traffic that is not destined for the
node itself using the obstacle between nodes as repeater site [1]. The WiFi repeater can also supply an Ethernet
connection to provide local connectivity. Moreover, a repeater can use one or more wireless devices, as
described below [1]:
 • A repeater with single radio (called a one-arm repeater), overall efficiency is slightly less than half of the
     available bandwidth, since the radio can either send or receive data, but never both at once. These devices
     are cheaper, simpler, and have lower power requirements.
 • A repeater with two (or more) radio cards can operate all radios at full capacity, as long as they are each
     configured to use non-overlapping channels.


The WiFi repeater can be purchased as a complete hardware solution, or easily assembled by connecting 2 or
more wireless nodes together with the Ethernet cable. When planning to use a repeater built with 802.11
technologies, the nodes must be configured for [1]:
•    Master (AP)
•    Managed (Client or Station)
•    Ad-hoc (mesh node)
•    Monitor (used for communications)
•    Other proprietary (MicroTik Nstreme or Ubiquity airMAX)
Typically, both radios in a repeater are configured for master mode, to allow multiple clients to connect to
either side of the repeater. But depending on the network layout, one or more devices may need to use ad-hoc
or client mode.




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2. Network & Hardware Analysis
2.1 Analysis of the Network Requirement
Before choosing what kind of WiFI repeater product that will be proposed to be used, it is important to
understand the requirement of the network where this hardware will be installed. Below is the ConDroid
team’s analysis to the network requirement:




          Figure 1. Long line Interconnection between SomaliREN NOC and Amood University [2]


1. The WiFi repeater would be installed in 100 km long distance link betweeb SomariREN NOC in Hargeisa
    City and Amoud University in Borama. The distance between the SomariREN NOC node to the WiFi
    repeater approximately would be 60 km, and the distance between the Amoud University node to the
    WiFi repeater approximately would be 40 km. Based on this data, it is clear the WiFi repeater set (the
    antenna and the repeater board) that would be chosen should have capability to cover are up to 50 km
    distance, in order to reach both of the end nodes.
2. The installation of the WiFi repeater would be self-sustained, solar-driven, possibly with an ultracap
    battery as energy store. As the installation would be in the middle of the dessert, we can assume that the
    component would has enough power to operate.
3. The WiFi link band and the component we propose to use is the 5.8GHz band rather than 2.8GHz
    band. This decision is made based on the considerations below:

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•        The link between SomariREN NOC in Hargeisa City and Amoud University in Borama is a backhaul links
         point-to-point, thus it is better to use 5.8GHz band. This band offers a less crowded spectrum and smaller
         Fresnel zone while the 2.4GHz only has 3 non-overlapped channels, has crowded band, and larger Fresnel
         zone [3]. Thus it might face a lot of interference, example from the other WISPs, cordless phones, SOHO
         Wireless Router, etc.
•        The WiFi repeater would be placed in a mountain ridge, with 5400 feet elevation and both of the end nodes
         (SomariREN NOC and Amoud University) have approximately 4500 feet elevation. Based on general
         checking on Google map, we find out that this link is in the middle of the dessert. The 5.8GHz is known
         has more intolerant to obstacle than 2.4GHz [3], but based on this consideration we can be assume that
         there is no significant obstacle, like trees, buildings, walls, etc that would become barrier to Line of Sigh
         (LOS) of the WiFi signal.
•        The 5.8GHz has higher gain antennas and can better immunity to external sources of interferences if it is
         combined with this highly directional antenna [3].
•        There is no regulatory restriction in Somali on using 2.4GHz devices (with a narrow channel width) as
         point-to-point links. Thus there is no need to obtain permission from local authority or using the 3.65GHz
         band.


2.3 Analysis of the Hardware (Ubiquity vs MicroTik)
After doing the research of the network requirement, the Ubiquity and MicroTik technology and the products
that available on the markets, we propose to use Ubiquity WiFi repeater board rather than the MicroTik,
based on the comparison below (the detail of each WiFi repeater board of these 2 vendors available in section
3 Harware Technical Detail):
    1.    Configuration point of view:
    The Ubiquity GUI interface makes the board become much easier to configure. Meanwhile, the MikroTik
    component requires specific training to be configured.


    2. Processing point of view:
    Having the router and radio on the same device has some disadvantage as it may make the device prone to
    "hang" then need a reboot. Then if the routing becomes crucial requirement in this installation, then it would
    be needed to use the MikroTik RouterBoards with upgraded memory. But, if there is no routing requirement,
    then it is better to use the Ubiquity hardware.


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3. Protocol point of view:
•   MicroTik radio link protocol (Nstreme Dual) has 2 radio cards thus it can provides 2 physically separate
    antennas that deal with 2 different aspects of a TX-RX. Thus the power consumption is much less than
    the Ubiquity WiFi repeater board. However, the MikroTik WiFi repeater board might suffer with the
    interference between these 2 antennas when it is used in TX mode at the same time.
•   The Ubiquity radio link protocol (Airmax TDMA) has a modem that provides built-in GPS to
    synchronize the radios and out them in TX mode at the same time, provide radio link with full duplex bi-
    directional. Thus it solves the interference problem and provides more throughput to the network (up to
    100 Mbps), thus it is preferably to be used in the backbone link.


4. Power Consumption point of view:
The Ubiquity board might have more power consumption compare to the MicroTik. However, as this WiFi
repeater is designed to be installed on the top of the mountain, in the middle of the dessert with solar-driven,
possibly with an ultra-cap battery as energy store, then we can assume there is enough power to run this WiFi
repeater. Thus the issue of power consumption in the Ubiquity board can be acceptable, compare to
its benefit.


5. Serial Connection point of view:
Both of the Ubiquity and MicroTik WiFi repeater board has serial connection that makes it able to be c. The
Ubiquity WiFi repeater board provides TTL serial port, while the MicroTik WiFi repeater board provides
RS232 serial port. We preferably to use the WiFi repeater board with TTL serial port (Ubiquity board) because
the 2 USB-to-Serial converter boards (IOIO and Seeduino/Modern device), that we have chosen to connect
the Android device to the WiFi repeater board, also have TTL serial port, thus there is no need for TTL-to-
RS232 converter cable to set up this Remote Management system.




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Below is the specification of the WiFi repeater board that we propose to be used in this network:
                                    Table 1. WiFi Equipment Requirement
      Vendor                  Type             Model Series / Part Number           Quantity         Prize
      Ubiquity            WiFi Repeater               RM5-GPS, 5GHz                     1           1195 SEK
                              board
      Ubiquity               Antenna             AirMax Sector 5G-19-120                1           1995 SEK
                                               (Compatible for 5GHz, 19DBI
                                                        120 Degrees)




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3. Hardware Technical Detail
3.1 MicroTik WiFi Repeater
1.   RouterBoard 133
The Layout of this board is described in the figure below (Note: on the other side of the board, there is the
third miniPCI connector):




                              Figure 2. The Layout of RouterBoard 133 board


The advantages and disadvantages of this board are described below [5, 6]:
a.   The advantages:
     !   3 MiniPCI wireless card on only one board so we can just power 1 board, and 3 different p-p link
     !   Low power consumption
b. The disadvantages:
     !   No integrated wireless card
     !   Interference between the two interfaces when in tx mode at the same time, which can be avoided by
         using Ubiquity board.
     !   This board has been replaced by RB411 model



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2. RB411AR
With this device you can connect to a remote AP and serve your local area with Internet both at the same time!
The RB411AR adds a b/g wireless card to the popular RB411 and has an integrated 802.11b/g wireless card
with MMCX connector. Not only it provides a readymade wireless solution, but also it has a spare miniPCI
card slot for another wireless card.


The advantages and disadvantages of this board are described below:
a.   The advantages:
      !   One integrated wireless card and one spare miniPCI card slot so we can just power 1 board, and 2
          different p-p link
      !   Low power consumption
b. The disadvantage of this board is, it only has one integrated wireless card


3. RB411UAHR
RB411UAHR includes RouterOS - the operating system, which can be a router, firewall, bandwidth manager, a
mobile 3G router, and more - all at the same time. It has thRB411UAHRe popular high-speed CPU, a
miniPCI-e slot and a SIM slot for 3G modems, a USB 2.0 port for attaching external storage, a regular miniPCI
card slot for 802.11abgn wireless cards, a Ethernet port and a built-in wireless 802.11bg radio (one MMCX
connector on board).


The advantages and disadvantages of this board are described below [7]:
a.   The advantages:
      !   One integrated wireless card and one spare miniPCI card slot so we can just power 1 board, and 2
          different p-p link
      !   It provides one miniPCI slot for 3G modem
      !   Low power consumption
b. The Disadvantage of this board is, it only has one integrated wireless card




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    Below is the comparison between these MicroTik 3 WiFi Repeater models [8, 9, 10]:
                                Table 2. MicroTik WiFi Repeater models comparison
    Model/Spec                 RouterBoard 133                           RB411AR                          RB411UAHR
       Price                      $89.00 [11]                            $89.00 [12]                       $119.00 [13]
   Processor Spec        MIPS32 4Kc based 175MHz                 Atheros AR7131 300MHz              Atheros AR7161 680MHz
                             embedded processor                      network processor
Memory Information         32MB SDRAM onboard                64MB DDR SDRAM onboard                   64MB DDR SDRAM
                                    memory                                memory                         onboard memory
    Boot loader           RouterBOOT, 1Mbit Flash                      RouterBOOT                         RouterBOOT
                                      Chip
    Data storage            64 or 128 MB onboard                  64MB onboard NAND                   64MB onboard NAND
                             NAND memory chip                           memory chip                        memory chip
Networking Interface       Three 10/100 Mbps Fast                 One 10/100 Mbps Fast                One 10/100 Mbps Fast
                          Ethernet ports with Auto-              Ethernet port with Auto-            Ethernet port with Auto-
                                    MDI/X                                  MDI/X                              MDI/X
     MiniPCI                 Three MiniPCI Type              One MiniPCI Type IIIA/IIIB            One MiniPCI Type IIIA/IIIB
                                IIIA/IIIB slots                              slot                               slot
                                                                                                    One MiniPCIe slot for 3G
                                                                                                    modem only (onboard SIM
                                                                                                            connector)
      Wireless                         No                        Built in AR2417 802.11b/g          Built in AR2417 802.11b/g
                                                                           wireless                wireless, 1x MMCX connector
     Serial port              One DB9 RS232C                         One DB9 RS232C                     One DB9 RS232C
                           asynchronous serial port               asynchronous serial port           asynchronous serial port
       LEDs                  Power and User LED              Power, NAND activity, 5 user          Power, NAND activity, 5 user
                                                                            LEDs                               LEDs
   Power options        • Power       over      Ethernet:   • Power          over      Ethernet:   • Power      over      Ethernet:
                            12.28V DC (except power               10.28V DC (except power             10.28V DC (except power
                            over data lines).                     over data lines).                   over data lines).
                        • Power jack: 9.28V DC.             • Power jack: 10.28V DC.               • Power jack: 10.28V DC.
                                                                  Includes voltage monitor            Includes voltage monitor


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   Fan control            Two DC fan power output                        No                                 No
                         headers with rotation sensor
                         and automatic fan switching
                          (maximum output current -
                                 500mA total)
   Dimensions            117 mm x 105 mm, Weight:          105 mm x 105 mm, Weight: 82         105 mm x 105 mm, Weight:
                                    115 g                                g                                 82 g
Power consumption       3-4W without extension cards,       ~3W without extension cards,       Up to 5W with wireless at full
                        maximum - 20W (10W output                maximum – 12 W                           activity
                              to extension cards)
   Operations                                           MikroTik RouterOS v3, Level4 license
  RX sensitivity                      No                   802.11g: –87 dBm @ 6Mbps to         802.11g: –87 dBm @ 6Mbps
                                                                -69 dBm @ 54 Mbps                to -69 dBm @ 54 Mbps
                                                           802.11b: –92 dBm @ 1Mbps to         802.11b: –92 dBm @ 1Mbps
                                                                –83 dBm @ 11 Mbps                to –83 dBm @ 11 Mbps
    TX power                          No                           Up to 20 dBm                    20dB@11Mbps 11b,
                                                                                                   15dB@54Mbps 11g
   Modulations                        No                  • 802.11g: OFDM, 64QAM,          • 802.11g: OFDM, 64QAM,
                                                               16QAM, QPSK, BPSK                 16QAM, QPSK, BPSK
                                                          • 802.11b:      CCK,      DSS,   • 802.11b:         CCK,       DSS,
                                                               DQPSK, DBPSK                      DQPSK, DBPSK




   2.2 Ubiquity WiFi Repeater
   The general Features of Ubiquity WiFi repeater are It has detachable antenna, DHCP, MAC filtering, Web
   Management interface, NAT, External Placement, Power over Ethernet, WMM, Built-in or with the possibility
   of adding a wireless connection, WDS / Wireless Distribution System [14].


   Ubiquity WiFi Repeater Models’ technical detail is described below:
   1.   Rocket M with compatible antenna
   The advantages and disadvantages of this board are described below [15, 16]:


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a.   The advantages:
     !   Rocket M is available in several bands: 900MHz, 2.4GHz, 3GHz, 3.65GHz, and 5GHz.
     !   GPS Synchronization eliminates co-location interference.
     !   Rocket M can be paired with the AirMax Base Station or Rocket Antennas.
     !   Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) AirMax protocol allows each client to send & receive data
         using pre-designated time slots scheduled by an intelligent AP controller.
     !   The distance coverage can be guaranteed to be up to 50km+ range with the throughput 150+Mbps.
b. The disadvantages:
     !   The component is provided with no integrated directional antenna, thus this adds the cost of
         procurement.
     !   The prize of this board combined with the antenna is much expensive than the other board.


The detail WiFi repeater board of Rocket M model are mentioned below:
a. Rocket M2, available on these bands:
     •   RM2-GPS (2.4 GHz), 2x2 MIMO AirMax TDMA Base Station
     •   RM2 (2.4 GHz)
The compatible antennas for this model are:
     •   AirMax Sector 2G-16-90 (16DBI 90 DEGRESS), MIMO 2x2 panel/sector
     •   2G-15-120
     •   Rocket Dish 2G-24 (24DBI), MIMO 2x2 panel/sector


b. Rocket M5, available on these bands:
     •   RM5-GPS (5.8GHz), 2x2 MIMO AirMax TDMA Base Station
     •   RM5 (5.8GHz)
The compatible antennas for this model are:
     •   AirMax Sector 5G-17-90 (17DBI 90 DEGREES), MIMO 2x2 panel/sector
     •   AirMax Sector 5G-16-120 (16DBI 120 DEGRESS), MIMO 2x2 panel/sector
     •   AirMax Sector 5G-20-90 (20DBI 90 DEGREES), MIMO 2x2 panel/sector
     •   AirMax Sector 5G-19-120 (19DBI 120 DEGREES), MIMO 2x2 panel/sector
     •   Rocket Dish 5G-30 (30dbi)
     •   Rocket Dish5G-34 (30dbi)


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2. NanoBridge M
The advantages and disadvantages of this board are described below [29]:
a.   The advantages:
     !   The Nanobridge M model is available in several bands: 900MHz, 2.4GHz, 3GHz, 3.65GHz, and
         5GHz models. .
     !   The component is provided with integrated directional antenna (Ubiquiti’s Innerfeed Antenna and
         AirMax (MIMO TDMA Protocol)), thus to create a simple, powerful and robust wireless unit and
         much less cheaper compare to the same board.
b. The disadvantages of his board is that the distance coverage only can be guaranteed to be up to 30km+
     range with the throughput 150+Mbps, which makes it not meet the requirement criteria of the
     SomaliREN WiFi repeater long distance coverage.


The detail WiFi repeater board of NanoBridge model are mentioned below:
a.   NanoBridge M2 for 2.4GHz
b. NanoBridge M5-22 for 5GHz, 22 dBi.
c.   NanoBridge M5-25 for 5GHz, 25 dBi


3. PowerBridge
The advantages and disadvantages of this board are described below [33]:
a.   The advantages:
     !   The PowerBridge model is available in several bands: 3GHz, 3.6GHz and 5GHz models.
     !   The component is provided with integrated directional antenna, thus this much less cheaper compare
         to the same board.
b. The disadvantages:
     !   The distance coverage only can be guaranteed to be up to 20km+ range with the throughput
         150+Mbps, which makes it not meet the requirement criteria of the SomaliREN WiFi repeater long
         distance coverage.
     !   PowerBridge has no TDMA AirMax protocol.




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   The PowerBridge model available on 5.8GHz band with the model PowerBridge M5: Carrier Class 5GHz
   MIMO Bridging Solution.


    4. Ubiquity Networks Bullet
   The advantages and disadvantages of this board are described below [35, 36, 37]:
    a.   The advantages:
         !    The Bullet model is available in several bands: 2.4GHz and 5GHz models.
         !    It provide TDMA AirMax protocol, but only available for 5GHz model, not 2.4GHz model
         !    The distance coverage can be guaranteed to be up to 50km+ range with the throughput 150+Mbps.
    b. The disadvantage of this board is that the component is provided with no integrated directional antenna,
         thus this adds the cost of procurement.


   The detail WiFi repeater board of the Bullet model are mentioned below:
    a.   Bullet M2-HP for 2.4GHz band
    b. Bullet M5-HP for 5.8GHz band


   Below is the general comparison of the 4 Ubiquity WiFi Repeater models:
                                Table 3. Ubiquity WiFi Repeater models comparison

Model/Spec             Rocket M                    NanoBridge M              PowerBridge                  Bullet

Board Prize     • RM2-GPS is approx. • NanoBridge              M2   is PowerBridge      M5    is   • Bullet   M2-HP    is
                  $239 [17]                   approx. 59.94! - 52.54! approx       175.38!     -     approx   48.97!   -
                • RM2      is    approx.      [30]                      163.54! [34]                 54.69! [38]
                  59.20! - 53.28! [18]     • NanoBridge M5-22 is                                   • Bullet   M5-HP    is
                • RM5-GPS is approx.          approx. 54.76! - 50.32!                                approx   48.97!   -
                  $239 [21]                   [31]                                                   54.69! [39]
                • RM5 is approx. 1195          NanoBridge      M5-25
                  SEK [22]                     is approx. 65.12! -
                                               57.72! [32]

Compatible      Antenna for 2.4GHz         Antenna is integrated with   Antennas are integrated



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Antennas   • AirMax Sector 2G-             the products       with the product (2 x 25
 Prize       16-90 is approx.1795      (InnerFeed™ Antenna         dBi antenna)
             SEK [19]                      Technology)
           • AirMax Sector 2G-
             15-120 is unknown
           • Rocket Dish 2G-24 is
             approx. 1895      SEK
             [20]


           Antenna for 5.8GHz:
           • AirMax Sector 5G-
             17-90 is approx. 1045
             SEK [23]
           • AirMax Sector 5G-
             16-120     is   approx.
             1045 SEK [24]
           • AirMax Sector 5G-
             20-90 is approx. 1995
             SEK [25]
           • AirMax Sector 5G-
             19-120     is   approx.
             1995 SEK [26]
           • Rocket Dish 5G-30 is
             approx.     104.34!   -
             93.98! [27]
             Rocket Dish 5G-34 is
             approx.     216.08!   -
             199.80! [28]

MIMO                   Yes                     Yes                      No                No MIMO TDMA
TDMA                                                                                     Protocol for Bullet M2



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   Protocol                                                                                                  HP

 Throughput         150+Mbps real         100+Mbps real outdoor          150+Mbps of real             150 Mbps Data
                       TCP/IP                                                    outdoor                transfer rate

Long Distance     Up to 50km+ range         Up to 30km+ range                  20km+ range          Over 50km (depend
                  (depend on antenna)                                                                   on antenna)



  Enclosure                                         Outdoor UV Stabilized Plastic
Characteristics

Power Supply      24V, 1A POE Supply       24V, 1A POE Supply                  24V, 1A surge        Up to 24V DC POE.
                       included                   included              protection integrated      Adapters sold separately
                                                                        POE adapter included

Power Method                              Passive Power over Ethernet (pairs 4,5+; 7,8 return)

  Serial port                                                TTL serial port

  Operating           -30C to 75C               -30C to 75C                    -30C to +80C             -20C to +70C
Temperature

  Operating                                              5 to 95% Condensing
  Humidity

  Shock and                                                  ETSI300-019-1.4
  Vibration

Processor Spec                          Atheros MIPS 24KC, 400MHz                                    Atheros MIPS 4KC,
                                                                                                          180MHz

   Memory            64MB SDRAM           • M9: 64MB SDRAM                 64MB SDRAM                  16MB SDRAM
 Information                              • M2, M3, M365, M5:
                                             32MB SDRAM




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Data Storage             8MB Flash          • M9: 8MB Flash                    8MB Flash                  4MB Flash
                                            • M2, M3, M365, M5:
                                              8MB Flash

 Networking       • M:     1   X   10/100   • M9, M2, M5:        1 X     1 X 10/100 BASE-TX         1 X 10/100 BASE-TX
  Interface         BASE-TX (Cat. 5,          10/100          BASE-TX    (Cat. 5, RJ-45) Ethernet   (Cat. 5, RJ-45) Ethernet
                    RJ-45) Ethernet           (Cat.      5,     RJ-45)           Interface                 Interface
                  • M GPS: 2 X 10/100         Ethernet
                    BASE-TX (Cat. 5,        • M3, M365:          2 X
                    RJ-45) Ethernet           10/100          BASE-TX
                                              (Cat.      5,     RJ-45)
                                              Ethernet

  Operating       • M900: 902-928           • M9: 902-928                • M3:         3400MHz-     • Bullet    2:       5MHz,
  Frequency       • M2, M2 GPS: 2412-       • M2: 2412-2462                 3700MHz                    10MHZ, 20MHz
  Summary           2462                    • M3: 3300-3700              • M365:       3650MHz-     • Bullet 2 HP: 5MHz,
   (MHz)          • M3: 3400-3700           • M365: 3650-3675               3675MHz                    10MHZ,            20MHz,
                  • M365, M365: 3650-       • M5: 5470-5825*             • M5:         5470MHz-        40MHz
                    3675                                                    5825MHz                 • Bullet 5 HP: 5MHz,
                  • M5, M5 GPS: 5470-                                                                  10MHZ,            20MHz,
                    5825*                                                                              40MHz

 Max Power        • M: 6.5 Watts            • M9: 6.5 Watts                      8 Watts            • Bullet 2 and 5: 4
Consumption       • M GPS: 8 Watts          • M2, M5: 5.5 Watts                                        Watts
                                            • M3, M365: 8 Watts                                     • Bullet 2HP: 8 Watts

   Wireless              Unknown                  Unknown                      Unknown                WEP, WPA, WPA-
   security                                                                                          PSK, WPA2, WPA2-
                                                                                                               PSK

Data link layer          Unknown                  Unknown                      Unknown                  Ethernet, Fast
                                                                                                       Ethernet, IEEE
                                                                                                    802.11a, IEEE 802.11n


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                                 (M5), IEEE 802.11b,
                                 IEEE 802.11g, IEEE
                                    802.11n (M2)




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Wi-Fi Repeater
                                                         Procurement & Research Document V1.1
                                                                                                          !




3. References
[1]   Wireless Networking in the Developing World Second Edition http://wndw.net/pdf/wndw2-
      en/wndw2-ebook.pdf
[2]   SOMALI       RESEARCH        AND      EDUCATION          NETWORK         Project    Plan   http://vm-
      199.xen.ssvl.kth.se/csdlive/sites/default/files/projects/Project%20plan-V3.0.pdf
[3]   Selecting                                       airmax                                        product
      http://www.ubnt.com/wiki/Selecting_airmax_product#Selecting_the_best_AirMax_product_for_each
      _situation
[4]   RouterBoard http://routerboard.com/
[5]   Reference Manual http://www.mikrotik.com/testdocs/ros/2.9/#Specifications
[6]   MircroTik Forum http://forum.mikrotik.com/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=18766
[7]   RouterBOARD 411UAHR http://www.routerboard.com/pricelist/download_file.php?file_id=162
[8]   RouterBoard 133 Series User's Manual http://www.skiespro.net/mikpdf/rb133c.pdf
[9]   RB411AR http://routerboard.com/RB411AR
[10] RB411UAHR http://routerboard.com/RB411UAHR
[11] RB/133 RB133 Mikrotik RouterBOARD 133 with 175MHz MIPS CPU, 32MB SDRAM, 3 LAN, 3
      miniPCI slots, 128MB NAND, RouterOS L4 - EOL (End of Life)                            http://www.roc-
      noc.com/mikrotik/routerboard/rb133.html
[12] RB/411AR RB411AR Mikrotik RouterBOARD 411A with 300MHz AR7130 CPU, 64MB DDR RAM,
      1 LAN, 1 miniPCI, 64MB NAND, RouterOS L4 and 802.11b+g radio - New                    http://www.roc-
      noc.com/mikrotik/routerboard/rb411ar.html
[13] RB/411UAHR RB411UAHR Mikrotik RouterBOARD 411 with 680MHz AR7161 CPU, 64MB DDR
      RAM, 1 LAN, 1 miniPCIe, 1 USB, 64MB NAND, 802.11b+g radio, RouterOS L4 http://www.roc-
      noc.com/mikrotik/routerboard/rb411uahr.html
[14] UBIQUITI EQUIPMENT DIRECTORY http://www.data-alliance.net/Page.bok?template=ubiquiti
[15] Rocket M http://ubnt.com/downloads/datasheets/rocketm/rm_ds_web.pdf
[16] Rocket M GPS http://ubnt.com/downloads/datasheets/rocketm/rm_ds_web.pdf
[17] Rocket M2-GPS: 2.4GHz Hi Power 2x2 MIMO AirMax TDMA BaseStation http://www.data-
      alliance.net/-strse-386/ROCKET-M2-dsh-GPS-Ubiquiti-Air-dsh-Max/Detail.bok
[18] UBIQUITI Rocket M2 Airmax http://www.wifi-stock.com/details/rocketm2.html



                                                    21
Wi-Fi Repeater
                                                       Procurement & Research Document V1.1
                                                                                                           !




[19] UBIQUITI       ROCKET        ANTENNAS           16DBI       90DEG      INCL      ROCKET       KIT
     http://www.dustinhome.se/ubiquiti-rocket-antennas-16dbi-90deg-incl-rocket-kit/product/5010517412
[20] UBIQUITI      ROCKETM2        DISH     24DBI      http://www.dustinhome.se/ubiquiti-rocketm2-dish-
     24dbi/product/5010588636
[21] Rocket M5-GPS: 5GHz Hi Power 2x2 MIMO AirMax TDMA BaseStation http://www.data-
     alliance.net/-strse-375/ROCKET-M5-dsh-GPS-Ubiquiti-Air-dsh-Max/Detail.bok
[22] UBIQUITI                 ROCKETSTATIONM5                       http://www.dustinhome.se/ubiquiti-
     rocketstationm5/product/5010517442
[23] UBIQUITI ROCKET ANTENNA 17DBI 90DEGREES http://www.dustinhome.se/ubiquiti-rocket-
     antenna-17dbi-90degrees/product/5010517414
[24] UBIQUITI ROCKET ANTENNA 16DBI 120DEGRESShttp://www.dustinhome.se/ubiquiti-rocket-
     antenna-16dbi-120degress/product/5010517413
[25] http://www.dustinhome.se/ubiquiti-rocket-antenna-20dbi-90degrees/product/5010517416
[26] UBIQUITI ROCKET ANTENNA 19DBI 120DEGREES http://www.dustinhome.se/ubiquiti-rocket-
     antenna-19dbi-120degrees/product/5010517415
[27] Ubiquity RocketDish 30dbi http://www.wifi-stock.com/details/rocketdish_30.html
[28] Ubiquity RocketDish 30dbi http://www.wifi-stock.com/details/rocketdish_5g_34.html
[29] NanoBridge M http://ubnt.com/downloads/datasheets/nanobridgem/nbm_ds_web.pdf
[30] UBIQUITI NanoBridge M2 Airmax http://www.wifi-stock.com/details/nanobridge_m2_airmax.html
[31] UBIQUITI           NanoBridge          M5           22dbi           Airmax         http://www.wifi-
     stock.com/details/nanobridge_m5_22.html
[32] UBIQUITI           NanoBridge          M5           25dbi           Airmax         http://www.wifi-
     stock.com/details/nanobridge_m5_25.html
[33] PowerBridge       M5:      Carrier      Class       5GHz        MIMO          Bridging     Solution
     http://ubnt.com/downloads/pbm5_datasheet.pdf
[34] UBIQUITI PowerBridge M5 Airmax http://www.wifi-stock.com/details/pb5m.html
[35] Bullet 2 http://ubnt.com/downloads/b2_datasheet.pdf
[36] Bullet 2HP http://ubnt.com/downloads/b2hp_datasheet.pdf
[37] Bullet 5 http://ubnt.com/downloads/b5_datasheet.pdf
[38] Bullet2M-HP        http://landashop.com/catalog/bullet-m2hp-mimo-airmax-connector-high-power-p-
     1010.html


                                                  22

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Condroid Remote Management - WiFi Repeater Purchasing & Research document

  • 1. ! !"#"$%&'&()&%$ '%*+,%&-&.)$/$%&0&(%+1$ 2*+,-&.)$ 3&%0"*.$454$ 2011 !"#$%&'()%*+(,%+-%"( !"#$%&'(&#*&.( $ ( $ Lan Sun (lansun@kth.se), 15 ECTS (((((/#*&.(*01(2"#$%&'(#30%"( Hervé Ntareme Qing An (qinga@kth.se), 15 ECTS /#4&#*&.( Michel Hognerud Jun Gao (jungao@kth.se), 15 ECTS /.*+25#0( Laili Aidi (aidi@kth.se), 18 ECTS Björn Pehrson! Yasir Ali (yasireal@kth.se), 15 ECTS SUMMER CSD
  • 2. Wi-Fi Repeater Procurement & Research Document V1.1 ! Revision History Version Date Responsible Change V1.0 2011-07-15 Laili Aidi & Qing An Initial version of the document V1.1 2011-10-07 Laili Aidi Cover and Introduction 2
  • 3. Wi-Fi Repeater Procurement & Research Document V1.1 ! Contents Contents .............................................................................................................................................3! Summary.............................................................................................................................................4! 1. Basic Information ...........................................................................................................................5! 2. Network & Hardware Analysis........................................................................................................6! 2.1 Analysis of the Network Requirement .......................................................................................6! 2.3 Analysis of the Hardware (Ubiquity vs MicroTik) ......................................................................7! 3. Hardware Technical Detail............................................................................................................10! 3.1 MicroTik WiFi Repeater ..........................................................................................................10! 2.2 Ubiquity WiFi Repeater............................................................................................................13! 3. References.....................................................................................................................................21! 3
  • 4. Wi-Fi Repeater Procurement & Research Document V1.1 ! Summary This document describes the WiFi Repeater procurement proposal for SomaliREN long distance link between SomaliREN NOC in Hargeisa City and Amoud University in Borama City. 4
  • 5. Wi-Fi Repeater Procurement & Research Document V1.1 ! 1. Basic Information In the common infrastructure network, the nodes must be configured to pass along traffic to other nodes. However there might be some obstacle exist between the link that make the Line of Sight (LOS) become impossible. The WiFi repeater is a node that is configured to rebroadcast traffic that is not destined for the node itself using the obstacle between nodes as repeater site [1]. The WiFi repeater can also supply an Ethernet connection to provide local connectivity. Moreover, a repeater can use one or more wireless devices, as described below [1]: • A repeater with single radio (called a one-arm repeater), overall efficiency is slightly less than half of the available bandwidth, since the radio can either send or receive data, but never both at once. These devices are cheaper, simpler, and have lower power requirements. • A repeater with two (or more) radio cards can operate all radios at full capacity, as long as they are each configured to use non-overlapping channels. The WiFi repeater can be purchased as a complete hardware solution, or easily assembled by connecting 2 or more wireless nodes together with the Ethernet cable. When planning to use a repeater built with 802.11 technologies, the nodes must be configured for [1]: • Master (AP) • Managed (Client or Station) • Ad-hoc (mesh node) • Monitor (used for communications) • Other proprietary (MicroTik Nstreme or Ubiquity airMAX) Typically, both radios in a repeater are configured for master mode, to allow multiple clients to connect to either side of the repeater. But depending on the network layout, one or more devices may need to use ad-hoc or client mode. 5
  • 6. Wi-Fi Repeater Procurement & Research Document V1.1 ! 2. Network & Hardware Analysis 2.1 Analysis of the Network Requirement Before choosing what kind of WiFI repeater product that will be proposed to be used, it is important to understand the requirement of the network where this hardware will be installed. Below is the ConDroid team’s analysis to the network requirement: Figure 1. Long line Interconnection between SomaliREN NOC and Amood University [2] 1. The WiFi repeater would be installed in 100 km long distance link betweeb SomariREN NOC in Hargeisa City and Amoud University in Borama. The distance between the SomariREN NOC node to the WiFi repeater approximately would be 60 km, and the distance between the Amoud University node to the WiFi repeater approximately would be 40 km. Based on this data, it is clear the WiFi repeater set (the antenna and the repeater board) that would be chosen should have capability to cover are up to 50 km distance, in order to reach both of the end nodes. 2. The installation of the WiFi repeater would be self-sustained, solar-driven, possibly with an ultracap battery as energy store. As the installation would be in the middle of the dessert, we can assume that the component would has enough power to operate. 3. The WiFi link band and the component we propose to use is the 5.8GHz band rather than 2.8GHz band. This decision is made based on the considerations below: 6
  • 7. Wi-Fi Repeater Procurement & Research Document V1.1 ! • The link between SomariREN NOC in Hargeisa City and Amoud University in Borama is a backhaul links point-to-point, thus it is better to use 5.8GHz band. This band offers a less crowded spectrum and smaller Fresnel zone while the 2.4GHz only has 3 non-overlapped channels, has crowded band, and larger Fresnel zone [3]. Thus it might face a lot of interference, example from the other WISPs, cordless phones, SOHO Wireless Router, etc. • The WiFi repeater would be placed in a mountain ridge, with 5400 feet elevation and both of the end nodes (SomariREN NOC and Amoud University) have approximately 4500 feet elevation. Based on general checking on Google map, we find out that this link is in the middle of the dessert. The 5.8GHz is known has more intolerant to obstacle than 2.4GHz [3], but based on this consideration we can be assume that there is no significant obstacle, like trees, buildings, walls, etc that would become barrier to Line of Sigh (LOS) of the WiFi signal. • The 5.8GHz has higher gain antennas and can better immunity to external sources of interferences if it is combined with this highly directional antenna [3]. • There is no regulatory restriction in Somali on using 2.4GHz devices (with a narrow channel width) as point-to-point links. Thus there is no need to obtain permission from local authority or using the 3.65GHz band. 2.3 Analysis of the Hardware (Ubiquity vs MicroTik) After doing the research of the network requirement, the Ubiquity and MicroTik technology and the products that available on the markets, we propose to use Ubiquity WiFi repeater board rather than the MicroTik, based on the comparison below (the detail of each WiFi repeater board of these 2 vendors available in section 3 Harware Technical Detail): 1. Configuration point of view: The Ubiquity GUI interface makes the board become much easier to configure. Meanwhile, the MikroTik component requires specific training to be configured. 2. Processing point of view: Having the router and radio on the same device has some disadvantage as it may make the device prone to "hang" then need a reboot. Then if the routing becomes crucial requirement in this installation, then it would be needed to use the MikroTik RouterBoards with upgraded memory. But, if there is no routing requirement, then it is better to use the Ubiquity hardware. 7
  • 8. Wi-Fi Repeater Procurement & Research Document V1.1 ! 3. Protocol point of view: • MicroTik radio link protocol (Nstreme Dual) has 2 radio cards thus it can provides 2 physically separate antennas that deal with 2 different aspects of a TX-RX. Thus the power consumption is much less than the Ubiquity WiFi repeater board. However, the MikroTik WiFi repeater board might suffer with the interference between these 2 antennas when it is used in TX mode at the same time. • The Ubiquity radio link protocol (Airmax TDMA) has a modem that provides built-in GPS to synchronize the radios and out them in TX mode at the same time, provide radio link with full duplex bi- directional. Thus it solves the interference problem and provides more throughput to the network (up to 100 Mbps), thus it is preferably to be used in the backbone link. 4. Power Consumption point of view: The Ubiquity board might have more power consumption compare to the MicroTik. However, as this WiFi repeater is designed to be installed on the top of the mountain, in the middle of the dessert with solar-driven, possibly with an ultra-cap battery as energy store, then we can assume there is enough power to run this WiFi repeater. Thus the issue of power consumption in the Ubiquity board can be acceptable, compare to its benefit. 5. Serial Connection point of view: Both of the Ubiquity and MicroTik WiFi repeater board has serial connection that makes it able to be c. The Ubiquity WiFi repeater board provides TTL serial port, while the MicroTik WiFi repeater board provides RS232 serial port. We preferably to use the WiFi repeater board with TTL serial port (Ubiquity board) because the 2 USB-to-Serial converter boards (IOIO and Seeduino/Modern device), that we have chosen to connect the Android device to the WiFi repeater board, also have TTL serial port, thus there is no need for TTL-to- RS232 converter cable to set up this Remote Management system. 8
  • 9. Wi-Fi Repeater Procurement & Research Document V1.1 ! Below is the specification of the WiFi repeater board that we propose to be used in this network: Table 1. WiFi Equipment Requirement Vendor Type Model Series / Part Number Quantity Prize Ubiquity WiFi Repeater RM5-GPS, 5GHz 1 1195 SEK board Ubiquity Antenna AirMax Sector 5G-19-120 1 1995 SEK (Compatible for 5GHz, 19DBI 120 Degrees) 9
  • 10. Wi-Fi Repeater Procurement & Research Document V1.1 ! 3. Hardware Technical Detail 3.1 MicroTik WiFi Repeater 1. RouterBoard 133 The Layout of this board is described in the figure below (Note: on the other side of the board, there is the third miniPCI connector): Figure 2. The Layout of RouterBoard 133 board The advantages and disadvantages of this board are described below [5, 6]: a. The advantages: ! 3 MiniPCI wireless card on only one board so we can just power 1 board, and 3 different p-p link ! Low power consumption b. The disadvantages: ! No integrated wireless card ! Interference between the two interfaces when in tx mode at the same time, which can be avoided by using Ubiquity board. ! This board has been replaced by RB411 model 10
  • 11. Wi-Fi Repeater Procurement & Research Document V1.1 ! 2. RB411AR With this device you can connect to a remote AP and serve your local area with Internet both at the same time! The RB411AR adds a b/g wireless card to the popular RB411 and has an integrated 802.11b/g wireless card with MMCX connector. Not only it provides a readymade wireless solution, but also it has a spare miniPCI card slot for another wireless card. The advantages and disadvantages of this board are described below: a. The advantages: ! One integrated wireless card and one spare miniPCI card slot so we can just power 1 board, and 2 different p-p link ! Low power consumption b. The disadvantage of this board is, it only has one integrated wireless card 3. RB411UAHR RB411UAHR includes RouterOS - the operating system, which can be a router, firewall, bandwidth manager, a mobile 3G router, and more - all at the same time. It has thRB411UAHRe popular high-speed CPU, a miniPCI-e slot and a SIM slot for 3G modems, a USB 2.0 port for attaching external storage, a regular miniPCI card slot for 802.11abgn wireless cards, a Ethernet port and a built-in wireless 802.11bg radio (one MMCX connector on board). The advantages and disadvantages of this board are described below [7]: a. The advantages: ! One integrated wireless card and one spare miniPCI card slot so we can just power 1 board, and 2 different p-p link ! It provides one miniPCI slot for 3G modem ! Low power consumption b. The Disadvantage of this board is, it only has one integrated wireless card 11
  • 12. Wi-Fi Repeater Procurement & Research Document V1.1 ! Below is the comparison between these MicroTik 3 WiFi Repeater models [8, 9, 10]: Table 2. MicroTik WiFi Repeater models comparison Model/Spec RouterBoard 133 RB411AR RB411UAHR Price $89.00 [11] $89.00 [12] $119.00 [13] Processor Spec MIPS32 4Kc based 175MHz Atheros AR7131 300MHz Atheros AR7161 680MHz embedded processor network processor Memory Information 32MB SDRAM onboard 64MB DDR SDRAM onboard 64MB DDR SDRAM memory memory onboard memory Boot loader RouterBOOT, 1Mbit Flash RouterBOOT RouterBOOT Chip Data storage 64 or 128 MB onboard 64MB onboard NAND 64MB onboard NAND NAND memory chip memory chip memory chip Networking Interface Three 10/100 Mbps Fast One 10/100 Mbps Fast One 10/100 Mbps Fast Ethernet ports with Auto- Ethernet port with Auto- Ethernet port with Auto- MDI/X MDI/X MDI/X MiniPCI Three MiniPCI Type One MiniPCI Type IIIA/IIIB One MiniPCI Type IIIA/IIIB IIIA/IIIB slots slot slot One MiniPCIe slot for 3G modem only (onboard SIM connector) Wireless No Built in AR2417 802.11b/g Built in AR2417 802.11b/g wireless wireless, 1x MMCX connector Serial port One DB9 RS232C One DB9 RS232C One DB9 RS232C asynchronous serial port asynchronous serial port asynchronous serial port LEDs Power and User LED Power, NAND activity, 5 user Power, NAND activity, 5 user LEDs LEDs Power options • Power over Ethernet: • Power over Ethernet: • Power over Ethernet: 12.28V DC (except power 10.28V DC (except power 10.28V DC (except power over data lines). over data lines). over data lines). • Power jack: 9.28V DC. • Power jack: 10.28V DC. • Power jack: 10.28V DC. Includes voltage monitor Includes voltage monitor 12
  • 13. Wi-Fi Repeater Procurement & Research Document V1.1 ! Fan control Two DC fan power output No No headers with rotation sensor and automatic fan switching (maximum output current - 500mA total) Dimensions 117 mm x 105 mm, Weight: 105 mm x 105 mm, Weight: 82 105 mm x 105 mm, Weight: 115 g g 82 g Power consumption 3-4W without extension cards, ~3W without extension cards, Up to 5W with wireless at full maximum - 20W (10W output maximum – 12 W activity to extension cards) Operations MikroTik RouterOS v3, Level4 license RX sensitivity No 802.11g: –87 dBm @ 6Mbps to 802.11g: –87 dBm @ 6Mbps -69 dBm @ 54 Mbps to -69 dBm @ 54 Mbps 802.11b: –92 dBm @ 1Mbps to 802.11b: –92 dBm @ 1Mbps –83 dBm @ 11 Mbps to –83 dBm @ 11 Mbps TX power No Up to 20 dBm 20dB@11Mbps 11b, 15dB@54Mbps 11g Modulations No • 802.11g: OFDM, 64QAM, • 802.11g: OFDM, 64QAM, 16QAM, QPSK, BPSK 16QAM, QPSK, BPSK • 802.11b: CCK, DSS, • 802.11b: CCK, DSS, DQPSK, DBPSK DQPSK, DBPSK 2.2 Ubiquity WiFi Repeater The general Features of Ubiquity WiFi repeater are It has detachable antenna, DHCP, MAC filtering, Web Management interface, NAT, External Placement, Power over Ethernet, WMM, Built-in or with the possibility of adding a wireless connection, WDS / Wireless Distribution System [14]. Ubiquity WiFi Repeater Models’ technical detail is described below: 1. Rocket M with compatible antenna The advantages and disadvantages of this board are described below [15, 16]: 13
  • 14. Wi-Fi Repeater Procurement & Research Document V1.1 ! a. The advantages: ! Rocket M is available in several bands: 900MHz, 2.4GHz, 3GHz, 3.65GHz, and 5GHz. ! GPS Synchronization eliminates co-location interference. ! Rocket M can be paired with the AirMax Base Station or Rocket Antennas. ! Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) AirMax protocol allows each client to send & receive data using pre-designated time slots scheduled by an intelligent AP controller. ! The distance coverage can be guaranteed to be up to 50km+ range with the throughput 150+Mbps. b. The disadvantages: ! The component is provided with no integrated directional antenna, thus this adds the cost of procurement. ! The prize of this board combined with the antenna is much expensive than the other board. The detail WiFi repeater board of Rocket M model are mentioned below: a. Rocket M2, available on these bands: • RM2-GPS (2.4 GHz), 2x2 MIMO AirMax TDMA Base Station • RM2 (2.4 GHz) The compatible antennas for this model are: • AirMax Sector 2G-16-90 (16DBI 90 DEGRESS), MIMO 2x2 panel/sector • 2G-15-120 • Rocket Dish 2G-24 (24DBI), MIMO 2x2 panel/sector b. Rocket M5, available on these bands: • RM5-GPS (5.8GHz), 2x2 MIMO AirMax TDMA Base Station • RM5 (5.8GHz) The compatible antennas for this model are: • AirMax Sector 5G-17-90 (17DBI 90 DEGREES), MIMO 2x2 panel/sector • AirMax Sector 5G-16-120 (16DBI 120 DEGRESS), MIMO 2x2 panel/sector • AirMax Sector 5G-20-90 (20DBI 90 DEGREES), MIMO 2x2 panel/sector • AirMax Sector 5G-19-120 (19DBI 120 DEGREES), MIMO 2x2 panel/sector • Rocket Dish 5G-30 (30dbi) • Rocket Dish5G-34 (30dbi) 14
  • 15. Wi-Fi Repeater Procurement & Research Document V1.1 ! 2. NanoBridge M The advantages and disadvantages of this board are described below [29]: a. The advantages: ! The Nanobridge M model is available in several bands: 900MHz, 2.4GHz, 3GHz, 3.65GHz, and 5GHz models. . ! The component is provided with integrated directional antenna (Ubiquiti’s Innerfeed Antenna and AirMax (MIMO TDMA Protocol)), thus to create a simple, powerful and robust wireless unit and much less cheaper compare to the same board. b. The disadvantages of his board is that the distance coverage only can be guaranteed to be up to 30km+ range with the throughput 150+Mbps, which makes it not meet the requirement criteria of the SomaliREN WiFi repeater long distance coverage. The detail WiFi repeater board of NanoBridge model are mentioned below: a. NanoBridge M2 for 2.4GHz b. NanoBridge M5-22 for 5GHz, 22 dBi. c. NanoBridge M5-25 for 5GHz, 25 dBi 3. PowerBridge The advantages and disadvantages of this board are described below [33]: a. The advantages: ! The PowerBridge model is available in several bands: 3GHz, 3.6GHz and 5GHz models. ! The component is provided with integrated directional antenna, thus this much less cheaper compare to the same board. b. The disadvantages: ! The distance coverage only can be guaranteed to be up to 20km+ range with the throughput 150+Mbps, which makes it not meet the requirement criteria of the SomaliREN WiFi repeater long distance coverage. ! PowerBridge has no TDMA AirMax protocol. 15
  • 16. Wi-Fi Repeater Procurement & Research Document V1.1 ! The PowerBridge model available on 5.8GHz band with the model PowerBridge M5: Carrier Class 5GHz MIMO Bridging Solution. 4. Ubiquity Networks Bullet The advantages and disadvantages of this board are described below [35, 36, 37]: a. The advantages: ! The Bullet model is available in several bands: 2.4GHz and 5GHz models. ! It provide TDMA AirMax protocol, but only available for 5GHz model, not 2.4GHz model ! The distance coverage can be guaranteed to be up to 50km+ range with the throughput 150+Mbps. b. The disadvantage of this board is that the component is provided with no integrated directional antenna, thus this adds the cost of procurement. The detail WiFi repeater board of the Bullet model are mentioned below: a. Bullet M2-HP for 2.4GHz band b. Bullet M5-HP for 5.8GHz band Below is the general comparison of the 4 Ubiquity WiFi Repeater models: Table 3. Ubiquity WiFi Repeater models comparison Model/Spec Rocket M NanoBridge M PowerBridge Bullet Board Prize • RM2-GPS is approx. • NanoBridge M2 is PowerBridge M5 is • Bullet M2-HP is $239 [17] approx. 59.94! - 52.54! approx 175.38! - approx 48.97! - • RM2 is approx. [30] 163.54! [34] 54.69! [38] 59.20! - 53.28! [18] • NanoBridge M5-22 is • Bullet M5-HP is • RM5-GPS is approx. approx. 54.76! - 50.32! approx 48.97! - $239 [21] [31] 54.69! [39] • RM5 is approx. 1195 NanoBridge M5-25 SEK [22] is approx. 65.12! - 57.72! [32] Compatible Antenna for 2.4GHz Antenna is integrated with Antennas are integrated 16
  • 17. Wi-Fi Repeater Procurement & Research Document V1.1 ! Antennas • AirMax Sector 2G- the products with the product (2 x 25 Prize 16-90 is approx.1795 (InnerFeed™ Antenna dBi antenna) SEK [19] Technology) • AirMax Sector 2G- 15-120 is unknown • Rocket Dish 2G-24 is approx. 1895 SEK [20] Antenna for 5.8GHz: • AirMax Sector 5G- 17-90 is approx. 1045 SEK [23] • AirMax Sector 5G- 16-120 is approx. 1045 SEK [24] • AirMax Sector 5G- 20-90 is approx. 1995 SEK [25] • AirMax Sector 5G- 19-120 is approx. 1995 SEK [26] • Rocket Dish 5G-30 is approx. 104.34! - 93.98! [27] Rocket Dish 5G-34 is approx. 216.08! - 199.80! [28] MIMO Yes Yes No No MIMO TDMA TDMA Protocol for Bullet M2 17
  • 18. Wi-Fi Repeater Procurement & Research Document V1.1 ! Protocol HP Throughput 150+Mbps real 100+Mbps real outdoor 150+Mbps of real 150 Mbps Data TCP/IP outdoor transfer rate Long Distance Up to 50km+ range Up to 30km+ range 20km+ range Over 50km (depend (depend on antenna) on antenna) Enclosure Outdoor UV Stabilized Plastic Characteristics Power Supply 24V, 1A POE Supply 24V, 1A POE Supply 24V, 1A surge Up to 24V DC POE. included included protection integrated Adapters sold separately POE adapter included Power Method Passive Power over Ethernet (pairs 4,5+; 7,8 return) Serial port TTL serial port Operating -30C to 75C -30C to 75C -30C to +80C -20C to +70C Temperature Operating 5 to 95% Condensing Humidity Shock and ETSI300-019-1.4 Vibration Processor Spec Atheros MIPS 24KC, 400MHz Atheros MIPS 4KC, 180MHz Memory 64MB SDRAM • M9: 64MB SDRAM 64MB SDRAM 16MB SDRAM Information • M2, M3, M365, M5: 32MB SDRAM 18
  • 19. Wi-Fi Repeater Procurement & Research Document V1.1 ! Data Storage 8MB Flash • M9: 8MB Flash 8MB Flash 4MB Flash • M2, M3, M365, M5: 8MB Flash Networking • M: 1 X 10/100 • M9, M2, M5: 1 X 1 X 10/100 BASE-TX 1 X 10/100 BASE-TX Interface BASE-TX (Cat. 5, 10/100 BASE-TX (Cat. 5, RJ-45) Ethernet (Cat. 5, RJ-45) Ethernet RJ-45) Ethernet (Cat. 5, RJ-45) Interface Interface • M GPS: 2 X 10/100 Ethernet BASE-TX (Cat. 5, • M3, M365: 2 X RJ-45) Ethernet 10/100 BASE-TX (Cat. 5, RJ-45) Ethernet Operating • M900: 902-928 • M9: 902-928 • M3: 3400MHz- • Bullet 2: 5MHz, Frequency • M2, M2 GPS: 2412- • M2: 2412-2462 3700MHz 10MHZ, 20MHz Summary 2462 • M3: 3300-3700 • M365: 3650MHz- • Bullet 2 HP: 5MHz, (MHz) • M3: 3400-3700 • M365: 3650-3675 3675MHz 10MHZ, 20MHz, • M365, M365: 3650- • M5: 5470-5825* • M5: 5470MHz- 40MHz 3675 5825MHz • Bullet 5 HP: 5MHz, • M5, M5 GPS: 5470- 10MHZ, 20MHz, 5825* 40MHz Max Power • M: 6.5 Watts • M9: 6.5 Watts 8 Watts • Bullet 2 and 5: 4 Consumption • M GPS: 8 Watts • M2, M5: 5.5 Watts Watts • M3, M365: 8 Watts • Bullet 2HP: 8 Watts Wireless Unknown Unknown Unknown WEP, WPA, WPA- security PSK, WPA2, WPA2- PSK Data link layer Unknown Unknown Unknown Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, IEEE 802.11a, IEEE 802.11n 19
  • 20. Wi-Fi Repeater Procurement & Research Document V1.1 ! (M5), IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g, IEEE 802.11n (M2) 20
  • 21. Wi-Fi Repeater Procurement & Research Document V1.1 ! 3. References [1] Wireless Networking in the Developing World Second Edition http://wndw.net/pdf/wndw2- en/wndw2-ebook.pdf [2] SOMALI RESEARCH AND EDUCATION NETWORK Project Plan http://vm- 199.xen.ssvl.kth.se/csdlive/sites/default/files/projects/Project%20plan-V3.0.pdf [3] Selecting airmax product http://www.ubnt.com/wiki/Selecting_airmax_product#Selecting_the_best_AirMax_product_for_each _situation [4] RouterBoard http://routerboard.com/ [5] Reference Manual http://www.mikrotik.com/testdocs/ros/2.9/#Specifications [6] MircroTik Forum http://forum.mikrotik.com/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=18766 [7] RouterBOARD 411UAHR http://www.routerboard.com/pricelist/download_file.php?file_id=162 [8] RouterBoard 133 Series User's Manual http://www.skiespro.net/mikpdf/rb133c.pdf [9] RB411AR http://routerboard.com/RB411AR [10] RB411UAHR http://routerboard.com/RB411UAHR [11] RB/133 RB133 Mikrotik RouterBOARD 133 with 175MHz MIPS CPU, 32MB SDRAM, 3 LAN, 3 miniPCI slots, 128MB NAND, RouterOS L4 - EOL (End of Life) http://www.roc- noc.com/mikrotik/routerboard/rb133.html [12] RB/411AR RB411AR Mikrotik RouterBOARD 411A with 300MHz AR7130 CPU, 64MB DDR RAM, 1 LAN, 1 miniPCI, 64MB NAND, RouterOS L4 and 802.11b+g radio - New http://www.roc- noc.com/mikrotik/routerboard/rb411ar.html [13] RB/411UAHR RB411UAHR Mikrotik RouterBOARD 411 with 680MHz AR7161 CPU, 64MB DDR RAM, 1 LAN, 1 miniPCIe, 1 USB, 64MB NAND, 802.11b+g radio, RouterOS L4 http://www.roc- noc.com/mikrotik/routerboard/rb411uahr.html [14] UBIQUITI EQUIPMENT DIRECTORY http://www.data-alliance.net/Page.bok?template=ubiquiti [15] Rocket M http://ubnt.com/downloads/datasheets/rocketm/rm_ds_web.pdf [16] Rocket M GPS http://ubnt.com/downloads/datasheets/rocketm/rm_ds_web.pdf [17] Rocket M2-GPS: 2.4GHz Hi Power 2x2 MIMO AirMax TDMA BaseStation http://www.data- alliance.net/-strse-386/ROCKET-M2-dsh-GPS-Ubiquiti-Air-dsh-Max/Detail.bok [18] UBIQUITI Rocket M2 Airmax http://www.wifi-stock.com/details/rocketm2.html 21
  • 22. Wi-Fi Repeater Procurement & Research Document V1.1 ! [19] UBIQUITI ROCKET ANTENNAS 16DBI 90DEG INCL ROCKET KIT http://www.dustinhome.se/ubiquiti-rocket-antennas-16dbi-90deg-incl-rocket-kit/product/5010517412 [20] UBIQUITI ROCKETM2 DISH 24DBI http://www.dustinhome.se/ubiquiti-rocketm2-dish- 24dbi/product/5010588636 [21] Rocket M5-GPS: 5GHz Hi Power 2x2 MIMO AirMax TDMA BaseStation http://www.data- alliance.net/-strse-375/ROCKET-M5-dsh-GPS-Ubiquiti-Air-dsh-Max/Detail.bok [22] UBIQUITI ROCKETSTATIONM5 http://www.dustinhome.se/ubiquiti- rocketstationm5/product/5010517442 [23] UBIQUITI ROCKET ANTENNA 17DBI 90DEGREES http://www.dustinhome.se/ubiquiti-rocket- antenna-17dbi-90degrees/product/5010517414 [24] UBIQUITI ROCKET ANTENNA 16DBI 120DEGRESShttp://www.dustinhome.se/ubiquiti-rocket- antenna-16dbi-120degress/product/5010517413 [25] http://www.dustinhome.se/ubiquiti-rocket-antenna-20dbi-90degrees/product/5010517416 [26] UBIQUITI ROCKET ANTENNA 19DBI 120DEGREES http://www.dustinhome.se/ubiquiti-rocket- antenna-19dbi-120degrees/product/5010517415 [27] Ubiquity RocketDish 30dbi http://www.wifi-stock.com/details/rocketdish_30.html [28] Ubiquity RocketDish 30dbi http://www.wifi-stock.com/details/rocketdish_5g_34.html [29] NanoBridge M http://ubnt.com/downloads/datasheets/nanobridgem/nbm_ds_web.pdf [30] UBIQUITI NanoBridge M2 Airmax http://www.wifi-stock.com/details/nanobridge_m2_airmax.html [31] UBIQUITI NanoBridge M5 22dbi Airmax http://www.wifi- stock.com/details/nanobridge_m5_22.html [32] UBIQUITI NanoBridge M5 25dbi Airmax http://www.wifi- stock.com/details/nanobridge_m5_25.html [33] PowerBridge M5: Carrier Class 5GHz MIMO Bridging Solution http://ubnt.com/downloads/pbm5_datasheet.pdf [34] UBIQUITI PowerBridge M5 Airmax http://www.wifi-stock.com/details/pb5m.html [35] Bullet 2 http://ubnt.com/downloads/b2_datasheet.pdf [36] Bullet 2HP http://ubnt.com/downloads/b2hp_datasheet.pdf [37] Bullet 5 http://ubnt.com/downloads/b5_datasheet.pdf [38] Bullet2M-HP http://landashop.com/catalog/bullet-m2hp-mimo-airmax-connector-high-power-p- 1010.html 22