Merriam-Webster defines a totem as any supposed entity that watches over or assists a group of people, such as a family, clan, or tribe. In this presentation I will focus on how TOTEM assists in watching over and evaluating the threat an IP represents. The idea behind TOTEM is simple: compare threat information from sources such as watchlists (DShield, Emerging Threats, SenderBase, etc.) to activities with the organization (IDS/IPS, flow logs, etc.) and other locations (SANS ISC, DOE federated model, etc.). As new threat information and activity sources are added, a better evaluation can be rendered.

1. TOTEM: Threat Observation, Tracking, and Evaluation Model John J. Gerber CISSP, GCFA, GCIH, GISP, GSNA “ A totem is any supposed entity that watches over or assists a group of people, such as a family, clan, or tribe .” -- Merriam-Webster

4. Who Are You Guys? We are like dwarfs standing upon the shoulders of giants, and so able to see more and see farther than the ancients . – Bernard of Chartres Setting an example is not the main means of influencing another, it is the only means. – Albert Einstein

5. “ Danger , Will Robinson !” According to a May 6th Wall Street Journal article , the Pentagon confirmed that it detected 360 million attempts to penetrate its networks in 2008, which is up from six million in 2006. The Department of Defense also disclosed that it had spent $100 million in the past six months repairing damage from these cyber attacks.

6. “ Danger , Will Robinson !” (04/09/2009) Electricity Grid in U.S. Penetrated By Spies reported in The Wall Street Journal . Under the Bush administration, Congress approved $17 billion in secret funds to protect government networks. (05/09/2009) FAA's Web Security Audit: 3,857 Vulnerabilities security audit of the Web applications found 763 high risk, 504 medium risk, and 2,590 low risk vulnerabilities. (04/21/2009) Computer Spies Breach Fighter-Jet Project reported in The Wall Street Journal . Cyber spies have stolen tens of terabytes of design data on the US's most expensive costliest weapons system -- the $300 billion Joint Strike Fighter project. (05/2009) Inspector General report sent to the FAA - Last year, hackers took control of FAA critical network servers and could have shut them down, which would have seriously disrupted the agency's mission-support network. (05/20/2009) NARA suffers data breach reported in Federal Computer Week - the missing drive contains 1T of data with "more than 100,000 Social Security numbers (including Al Gore’s daughter), contact information (including addresses) for various Clinton administration officials, Secret Service and White House operating procedures, event logs, social gathering logs, political records and other highly sensitive information. A Few Other Recent Government Occurrences

7. It is a Dangerous World “ IDSs have failed to provide value relative to its costs and will be obsolete by 2005.” -- Richard Stiennon , Gartner Analyst, 06/03 http://taosecurity.blogspot.com

8. It is a Dangerous World "The worldwide wireless LAN (WLAN) intrusion prevention system (IPS) market is on pace to reach $168 million in 2008, a 41 percent increase from 2007 revenue of $119 million, according to Gartner, Inc." -- Gartner Press Release, 09/18/2008 http://taosecurity.blogspot.com

11. ANL Federated IDS Data Sharing Model (2)

12. ANL Federated IDS Data Sharing Model (3)

13. ANL Federated IDS Data Sharing Model (4)

14. Violent Felons in Large Urban Counties A majority (56%) of violent felons had a prior conviction record. Thirty-eight percent had a prior felony conviction and 15% had a previous conviction for a violent felony.

20. Dilbert and Albert Einstein

21. CAMNEP: System Architecture System developed by Martin Rehak.

23. CAMNEP: Multi-Source Trustfulness Integration

24. CAMNEP: Agent Specific Clusters

25. CAMNEP: Reporting

26. CAMNEP: Conclusions

27. Risk NIST publication SP 800-30: Risk Management Guide for Information Technology Systems . In the text we read: " Risk is a function of the likelihood of a given threat-source 's exercising a particular potential vulnerability , and the resulting impact of that adverse event on the organization. To determine the likelihood of a future adverse event, threats to an IT system must be analyzed in conjunction with the potential vulnerabilities and the controls in place for the IT system.“ " Vulnerability : A flaw or weakness in system security procedures, design, implementation, or internal controls that could be exercised (accidentally triggered or intentionally exploited) and result in a security breach or a violation of the system's security policy."

28. Topological Vulnerability Analysis (TVA) Approach Steven Noel, Matthew Elder, Sushil Jajodia, Pramod Kalapa, Scott O'Hare, Kenneth Prole Basic idea : analyze and visualize vulnerability dependencies and attack paths for understanding overall security posture. Populate through automated network discovery, asset management, and vulnerability reporting technology.

29. Operating with Limited Data Seeing the forest through the trees.

31. TOTEM: What is the Point? How does one effectively distinguish false positives from actual threats? The answer may only be visible by looking at multiple sources with different levels of trust and doing a little aggregation and anomaly detection. Our goal is to create attack road maps with weights/prioritizations in order to manage the possible risks.

35. Other Blacklists Provide Information # watchlist.security.org.my, contact mel@hackinthebox.org # ip/net, source, comment, name, last update (GMT+8) 202.99.11.99, http://www.dshield.org/ipsascii.html, Dshield: Top IPs, dshield-top-ips, 2009/05/13 95.215.76.0/22, www.spamhaus.org/drop/drop.lasso, Spamhaus Block List, spamhaus, 2009/05/13 114.80.67.30, www.emergingthreats.net/rules/bleeding-rbn.rules, ET RBN, rbn, 2009/05/13 122.1.21.148, www.emergingthreats.net/rules/bleeding-compromised.rules, ET, compromised, # domain type original_reference-why_it_was_listed note--pound sign=comment # notice notice duplication is not permitted 00.devoid.us malware www.cyber-ta.org/malware-analysis/DNS.Cumulative.Summary 20090321 scan4lux.info fake_antivirus www.malwaredomainlist.com/update.php 20090505 junglemix.in phishing isc.sans.org/diary.html?storyid=6328 20090505 Wed May 13 07:59:03 CDT 2009 99.254.50.139 99.248.26.177 99.245.29.38 99.234.219.183

36. Other Blacklists Provide Information (2) Top 10 Blacklist Providers Using 266 IPs from malware. Using 235 IPs from rbn. Using 172 IPs from coolwebsearch and spamhaus. Using 55 IPs from rogue. Using 23 IPs from malspam. Using 20 IPs from dshield-top-blocks. Using 15 IPs from exploit and sql_injection. Using 13 IPs from spyware and trojan. Using 11 IPs from rogue_antivirus. Using 10 IPs from botnet. Total Blacklisted IPs Downloaded : 1214 Blacklisted IPs Added Today : 39

38. Sample Reports: Blacklist (2)

39. Signature Based Information Can be Useful In respect to Snort, we have been looking at trend information for awhile.

40. Sample Reports: Blacklist (3)

42. Sample Reports: Shuns (2)

43. Sample Reports: Shuns (3)

44. Sample Reports: Shuns (4)