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Organize and analyze
1. Organize and
Analyze
Ali Anani
a.anani@phenomena.jo
2. I want to propose a new idea for all SS readers.
How about writing ALL one presentation and
see how ideas flow? I am going to post one-
slide presentation so that every author
(hopefully) would add one slide. Let us see
where the presentation will take us and in
what direction it will bifurcate? Thanks.
I am going to call the presentation Organize
and Analyze
a.anani@phenomena.jo
3. Ideas Flow Have a Structure
This is a social network
map of my recent
emails. Let us see How
our co-authorship ideas
shape out. Please send
your slide to me with
your name as the
author. I shall then re-
upload the presentation
It shall be an interested
experiment for ALL
I promise to handle the
analysis
a.anani@phenomena.jo
4. It Has Just Happened
I add this slide for it is funny
how a small event lead to a
contract
a.anani@phenomena.jo
5. It Has Just Happened- 2
While on the lift the
telephone of a stranger rang.
I heard him say “may be I am
on the lift”
I laughed because he was on
the lift
That was a starter to a
dialogue. Now, in less than
two hours, we are negotiating
a contract
a.anani@phenomena.jo
7. Do You See the Purpose Shift?
Jumper
(EDGE)
Stepper
(CORE)
We as a firm, not only reinvent those purpose shifts, but
also place them within CORE and EDGE part of your
businesses using Three purpose driven frameworks …
a.anani@phenomena.jo
8. Contribution by Prabhakar
Krishnamurthy
• "Organize and Analyze ( Slide for brother Ali Anani) If no
one were to praise actions that of worthy of praise, then
there would be no competition between people. If no one
were to value precious treasures, then there would be no
stealing. If no one desired that which is desirable, then
people’s mind would be tranquil and serene. So if the wise
person were ruler, he would empty the people’s minds, full
their bellies, weaken their desires, and strengthen their
bodies. He would strive to ensure people knew nothing and
wanted nothing. And if certain people get to know
something, he would prevent them from acting on their
knowledge. When you never seek to be honoured for what
you do, then honour can never desert a person. " < br>
a.anani@phenomena.jo
9. Contribution by Sally Smith
Hallo Ali
You have read my mind. I have often thought
it would be a good idea to co-author a
presentation on SlideShare. I really hope this
works out because it has real possibilities.
Here is my contribution.
Sally07
a.anani@phenomena.jo
10. Organise and analyse
• Ideas are like leaves. They emerge and grow
and as we outgrow them we discard them, but
fallen leaves feed the tree. No idea is
worthless and no idea is unusable. When we
add all of our ideas together and allow them
to grow in an organised fashion then that is
how we create the Tree of Knowledge.
a.anani@phenomena.jo
12. Ideas Separation
By Ali Anani
Not all ideas are alike. Some ideas
are good and some are bad.
Collide a collection of seeds within
a magnetic field then good seed
separate from bad seeds. Why?
Because they exhibit different
charges and get attracted to
different poles
This presentation may help to
collect many ideas to separate
them likewise.
a.anani@phenomena.jo
18. Organize and analyze using co-orientation
Co-orient:
team member’s
ability to forecast
the actions of one
another based on
cues & prepare
responses based
on this anticipatory
sense.
SYMBOLISM
A seed.
Gardener anticipates the seed will grow into long loose handing vines.
So, the gardener prepares by building a wooden trellis for the vines to grow upon.
20. Next Slide Is a Contribution by
Bas de Baar
I like this slide because it offers
contrasting views
I suggest looking into further
examples such as fast ideas Vs
slow ideas, or rosy ideas Vs
thorny ideas
Ali Anani
a.anani@phenomena.jo
21. How ideas are
presented matters.
Example:
Two times “Project Management”.
By: Bas de Baar
22. Ideas Quadrant
Slide 7 by Charles
Prabakar inspired me
to draw the Idea
Quadrant as the next
slide (23) shows
a.anani@phenomena.jo
29. Ideas Streamlining-2
Should we fill our bag with
ideas (see slide by
Sheereen) of any kind?
Should these ideas be rich
in reality or fantasy (see
slide by Juao)
a.anani@phenomena.jo
30. Ideas Streamlining-3
Should these ideas be
radical and disruptive or
should we take a step-by-
step approach as Charles
Prabakar highlighted and
further highlighted by Ali in
his quadrant?
a.anani@phenomena.jo
31. Ideas Streamlining-4
The disruptive edge
proposed by
Prabakar
These ideas
resemble the step- Ideas that
High by-step approach resemble
Reality mentioned by permanent
Prabakar green leaves.
Ideas are like
leaves that fall Dreamy ideas
Low rapidly. See
Reality Sally’s slide
Low High
Fantasy Fantasy
a.anani@phenomena.jo
32. Ideas Streamlining-4
These bold ideas need
community support as The disruptive edge
Lori suggested. proposed by
Prabakar
These ideas
resemble the step- Ideas that
High by-step approach resemble
Reality mentioned by permanent
Prabakar green leaves.
Ideas are like
leaves that fall Dreamy ideas
Low rapidly. See
Reality Sally’s slide
Low High
Fantasy Fantasy
a.anani@phenomena.jo
33. More Idea Streamlining fro Charles
Prabakar
Charles Prabakar contributed
the next five slides and is also
responding to my proposed
quadrant shown on Slide 32
The ideas are meshing well
and started to shape up
a.anani@phenomena.jo
34. Per Charles Prabakar - It is all about Connecting the Dots…
• Our experience suggests that most ideas, in most cases, are just buried around us,
and so, it is just a matter of identifying them with a right set of purpose shifting
lenses. What do we mean by that?
• To explain it further, let us start with the concept of Gestalt, as illustrated by the
famous optical illusion picture of “duck & rabbit” - on next page. Depending on
how you look at it, the picture could be a duck or a rabbit.
• In other words, when we start looking at the opportunity space with a purpose
shifting lenses, we, not only get the ability to spot the ducks and rabbits distinctly,
but also, we get the ability to discern how ducks slowly shift into rabbits, and vice
versa. As it turns out, those shifts usually occur in both steps (like a duck) and in
jumps (like a rabbit) and so, it is more of a mind shifting game of identifying those
shifts quickly.
• So, we, not only need to master this “connecting the dots” game of discerning
those shifts quickly, but also, we must learn to apply those shifts within the right
business context (CORE vs. EDGE) for us to be successful in this 21st century.
• To help leaders to master this “Connect the dot” game, we have put together a
three phase framework (Decide, Destine and Disrupt).
35. Connect the Dots in three phases - Decide, Destine and Disrupt
• Decide Phase is all about discerning those shift ideas/choices (i.e. ducks and
rabbits) using the purpose shifting lenses. In other words, this phase is all about
resetting the five part purpose seed (vision/mission/values/codes/BHAG) of the
corporation and start looking at the opportunity space with a fresh set of eyes with
a green field mindset.
• Destine phase is all about properly slotting those ideas/choices into “STEPS” and
“JUMPS” depending upon the velocity (i.e. distance divided by time) of those
ideas/strategic choices. As it turns out, ducks move in steps and rabbits in jumps,
and so, this phase is all about answering “how far” and “how long” questions, to
help slot those ideas (or strategic choices) into the appropriate step and jump
type markets within our TPF strategic planning framework.
– How far would we want to go? – Establishing the geographical market
boundaries to help answer “where to play and what to play” question- Force in
Play
– How long would it take to get there? – Setting the timeline expectations to help
answer “when do we need to win” question - Power in Play
• Disrupt Phase is all about transforming those CORE with EDGE ideas/choices with
appropriate amount of capital (resources) to produce extraordinary results.
– How much would it take? – Setting the resource or capability expectations to
help answer “How do we win” question - Energy in Play
36. Jumper
(EDGE)
Stepper
(CORE)
We as a firm, not only help you to decide and destine those purpose
shifts with a purpose shifting lenses, but also, we help you to disrupt
your CORE with an EDGE using our Triune purpose frameworks …
37. Purpose Shift Threshold (PST) Framework
As it turns out the Core, Edge, Fringe and Purpose seed terminology aligns
perfectly with Dr.Ali Anani’s earlier idea quadrant as well – as mapped below
High
3 Core (Steppers) 4 Edge (Jumpers)
High
Above PST & dream exceeded. Above PST & dream fulfilled.
Value creator Value germinator
Degree of Perceived Reality
Result in Triune Shared Value. Result in “Core or Fringe”.
5 Our Triune Purpose Framework
(TPF) Creating TriuneFactor
Optimization Shared
Break Even Low
Value (TSV) expected)
(Degree of Levers
PST Index
37 IDEAL COMPANY?
* Each of the shuffle in the matrix indicates 10% increase of the KPI . It is just an example.
1 Fringe (leaves) 2 Seed (dreams)
Break even PST Purpose seed– all about possibilities .
Value destroyer Value Inspirer.
Result in “extinction” or edge Result in “core and edge”.
Low
Degree of Perceived Feasibility
39. Sally Smith Added This Slide
Sally Loves slide 31. It pulled some of the previous
ideas together. Not comfortable with the disruption
idea so I have done another slide. Disruption
undermines the good and impairs development in my
opinion. So, Sally added Slide 40
a.anani@phenomena.jo
40. What about the smoke
and mirrors?
Perception Deception Inspection
• disruption • solid data
• orientation
• red herrings • verification
• culture bias
49. DREAM. SAIL. DISCOVER... CONNECT YOURSELF
Sixteenth century. Spain lives years of outward glory. Ironically, Teresa de Ávila
lives to another, inward glory... Different ideas rule the world.
a.anani@phenomena.com
50. Makala D Added A great Slide on Ideas
(Slide 51)
a.anani@phenomena.jo
51. Critics
audienc
e
Organizes and Analyze
audience
Behaviors
creators audience
interlocutor
collectors
Active
audienc audience members
e
52. An Enlightening Contribution from
Juao Maya
Dear Ali,
At your suggestion I’ve tried to “explain more” my
last comment on “Analyze and Organize”.
Juão
a.anani@phenomena.jo
53. I see this project like daisies in the field.
Why?
If we look from a distance they are all alike.
If we look closer they are not.
Some are smaller, some are fatter,
erse
some grow to the left, some to the right,
some have even lost some petals.*
Then we realize that the strinkingly beautiful
single view of the field is a mirror of the
flower’s togetherness —
*Harold and Maude, 1971, directed by Hal Ashby
a.anani@phenomena.com
62. The Contribution of George Sciberras
George (Xiby)
contributed the
next three slides
(63-65). Enjoy the
great touches of
George
a.anani@phenomena.jo
72. May ideas be dangerous or disrespectful?
Some people think they are.
So, if any viewer finds two of the next three slides
offensive, then I apologize.
My strong feeling is that ideas should be respected
equally.
Moreover, non-violent religious beliefs.
Juão Maya
78. Shrinking the World into the bag of ideas…..
• Sheereen had proposed a Grand idea of shrinking the world into a
bag of ideas, which in a way is an intriguing idea on its own merit –
• If you think about it – her idea is all about looking at the world with
a purpose shifting lenses, as we had proposed earlier.
• Yes, Ideation is all about shrinking the world into a bag of ideas.
• What happens, when we shrink the world into a bag of ideas from
scientific equations standpoint?
– We are reducing its density, mass and volume as
• Density = m/v
– In other words, when we shrink an object by 1/10, its volume is
reduced by 1/1000 (l x w x h), and so, its mass is mere 1/1,000 as
much as that of the original mass.
79. Does that mean the speed (or acceleration or velocity) of the
world also gets reduced?
• Let us see what science tells us? Per Newton’s second law, the
acceleration or (velocity per unit time) of the object is
proportional to the net force acting on it, and so, the equation is
A-> F/M
• Let us assume for a moment that velocity is constant (which
means velocity is assigned a constant value depending upon
whether it is Core and Edge) and so, when the world is shrinked
(i.e. mass is reduced by1/1000), force must have to increase
1000 times to maintain that constant velocity.
• How does increased force help the objects to fly 1000 times
better?
• It depends upon how well ,one can transform that force into a
power - as power is the one that gives objects (or ideas), the
ability to fly, as (Power=Force x Velocity)
80. How does this power equation relate to power of ideas and
its ability to fly?
• Under our firm’s triune purpose frameworks, force is equated to
faith (or passion)and velocity to direction setting ability.
• And so, the hypothesis here is that – when world is shrinked into a
bag, it not only makes the faith or passion to increase 1000 times,
but also, it makes the right idea to move with a velocity of Core
and Edge, which then makes it to soar like eagles.
• This is another reason, eagles, birds or even smaller flies are
"strong" enough in lifting their bodies against gravity.
• So, the insight here is when we shrink the world into a bag, ideas
are strong enough to soar like eagles.
81. How does this “ability to fly” is related to force and velocity within
the power equation (i.e. Power=Force x velocity)?
• This power equation, seem to perfectly aligns with our previous insight of linking force,
velocity and “ability to fly” within our firm’s purpose shifting lenses approach as well.
• Force is nothing but deciding by faith (or passion) or discerning those shifts (i.e.
ideas/strategic choices in the form of ducks and rabbits) using the purpose shifting lenses.
In other words, this phase is all about resetting the five part purpose seed
(vision/mission/values/codes/BHAG) of the corporation, and start looking at the opportunity
space with a fresh set of eyes, with a green field mindset.
• Velocity is nothing but setting the direction or destining the right velocity by properly
slotting those shifts into “STEPS” and “JUMPS” into core and edge businesses, depending
upon the velocity of those ideas (i.e. distance divided by time). As it turns out, ducks move
in steps and rabbits in jumps, and so, this phase is all about answering “how far” and “how
long” questions, from the standpoint of slotting those ideas (or strategic choices) into the
appropriate step and jump type markets, by answering the following questions –
– How far would we want to go? – Establishing the geographical market boundaries to
help answer “where to play and what to play” question- Force in Play
– How long would it take to get there? – Setting the timeline expectations to help answer
“when do we need to win” question - Power in Play
• Ability to Fly is nothing but Disrupting, which is all about transforming core businesses with
edge ideas/choices, with appropriate amount of capital (resources), to produce the
extraordinary results by answering the following question –
– How much would it take? – Setting the resource or capability expectations to help
answer “How do we win” question - Energy in Play
82. @ Charles Prabakar Added the
Following Explanatory Slides
In response
to many
comments
that asked
for more
information
a.anani@phenomena.jo
83. What does it mean to “Shrink the world into a bag” from
pragmatic standpoint?
• Let us start with our earlier insight that - when we shrink objects, their mass gets reduced,
however, their power gets increased multifold, and so, they are able to fly easily.
• In other words, when we shrink (or shift) the world into a bag, the amount of resources (i.e.
mass) at our disposal gets reduced and so, we are challenged to look at the world with a
purpose shifting lens and ask ourselves –
1. How can we do more with limited resources?
2. How do we break down the artificial trade boundaries between businesses (and
countries) and conduct businesses in a boundaryless environment?
3. what is the optimal virtual and real world experience mix (VRE) within that
boundaryless environment that can be presented as a compelling business
model?
• Before answering these questions, let us start with an insight
•“
“With urbanization happening at a faster rate than ever across the globe,
more and more percentage of consumers (& corporations) are continuing
to consume and compete for the limited set of natural resources, to sustain
their current life style (& profit margins) within the natural realm, in spite of a
compelling alternative purpose/virtual lifestyle, available for them within
the virtual realm(in a fraction of cost, providing almost the same “look and
feel” type of experiences)” Do we know why?
84. Here is another alarming data point supporting that insight…..
If the combined middle class of the developing countries, start
consuming the natural resources like the ~1 billion population of
the western and developed world (North America, Europe, Japan,
Australia, combined, with their current GH emission inequality ratio
32:1), it would be equivalent to ~70 billion people living in this
planet, as opposed to the current total of ~7 billion – and so, our
current consumption lifestyle, is not at all sustainable, unless, we
radically transform our lifestyle, with some substantial changes to
our current resource consumption patterns!
Well… let us try to answer the above three questions to
answer this larger “WHY” question !
89. Question #2: How do we break down the artificial trade
boundaries between businesses (and countries) and
conduct businesses in a boundaryless environment?
• Our firm’s Purpose Innovation provides a promising solution wherein, products and services from
variety of related and unrelated industry providers within a boundaryless environment, that are
bundled together by a powerful 'purpose causal chain (PCC)', for a value (price), in proportion to
consumers’ PURPOSE SCORES.
• An example PCC being – H&W/Green consumers, getting a better value when they purchase a
purpose causal chain based purpose bundle of “health insurance with a set of H&W based durable
and non durable P&S’s along with a workout service” in a price that is in proportion to their purpose
scores. The rationale here is that- those consumers, who eat healthy, apply natural body treatments
and exercise well, in general, will also lead a healthy life - and hence deserve a better insurance
premium and so on and so forth.
• Similarly, one can, also come up with various combinations of such purpose causal chain based
purpose bundles – to motivate both consumers and providers, to come together to create a
powerful 'purpose value chain driven, collaborative, purpose market place', for the larger benefit of
the society.
• The fact that purpose bundles are tied together by this powerful “purpose causal chain based
purpose scores”, it will motivate both consumers and providers alike, to actively promote this type of
a market place with a vested interest of increasing their purpose scores and market shares
respectively– thus, creating a win: win value proposition for all parties involved as I had explained in
detail within the MIX site(http://www.managementexchange.com/hack/purpose-innovation).
90. Question #3: what is the optimal virtual and real world
experience mix (VRE) within that boundaryless environment
that can be presented as a compelling business model?
• As a first step, let us augment real world experiences, with virtual experiences as, we had done in the
VizPlanet platform example, with our VRE framework to arrive at that the optimal virtual reality
experience (VRE) mix portfolio for each industry - as optimal VRE mix is going to be the next deal
breaker, when it comes to succeeding in this digital experience driven 21st century economy.
• What is this VRE portfolio mix? Let us define some terminologies. In rudimentary physics terms,
Experience pool is nothing but objects (matter or P&S’s) that move in time and space dimensions,
producing unique intervention moments!
– The corresponding real world experience pool equation is => matter+ time+ space
• Similarly, virtual experience pool is the reverse of the above definition - it is nothing but virtual objects
(i.e. no-matter or virtual P&S’s) that move in both “no-time” and “no-space” dimensions, producing a
similar, yet unique intervention moments!
– The corresponding virtual experience equation is => no-matter+ no-time+ no-space
• When we combine these two equations, in all possible combinations, we see the following 8 pure-play
VRE realms emerging. For an easy readability, we have given a gamification platform example for
each realm, within these 8 VRE realms as outlined in next page.
• For example, those of us who have played the “Wii” game can easily relate and comprehend the
meaning of “augmented virtuality” realm, and so on and so forth. We call these 8 realms as pure-play
VRE reams, because they follow a straight line progression within the three dimensional chart of time,
space and matter- as opposed to the free-flow progression exhibited by the hybrid-play realms, as
explained in detail our VRE article ( http://strategywithapurpose.blogspot.com/2011/10/virtual-reality-
experience-vre.html).
91. Virtual Reality Experience (VRE) Portfolio of Pure-Play Realms
No VRE Realm Time Space Matter Example
Name dimension dimension dimension Platform or
Application
1 Reality Time Space Matter Physical Card
Games
2 Augmented Time Space No-Matter GPS
Reality
3 Physical Time No-Space Matter Coffee mugs with
Virtuality digital display
4 Duplicated Time No Space No Matter Google Maps or
virtuality Tele-Presence
5 Dwarfed No Time Space Matter Time travel
reality based museums
6 Alter Reality No Time Space No Matter Simulating past
nostalgic events
(e.g. High school
reunion)
7 Augmented No Time No Space Matter Wii game
Virtuality
8 Virtuality No Time No Space No Matter Online games
93. THE CHALLENGING OCEAN
First slides contribution in 2012 by
@Juao Maya
a.anani@phenomena.com
94. Every man has within him his Patmos. He
is free to go, or not to go, out upon that
frightful promontory of thought from
which one perceives the shadow. If he
goes not, he remains in the common life,
with the common conscience, with the
common virtue, with the common faith,
or with the common doubt; and it is well.
For inward peace it is evidently the best. If
he goes out upon those heights, he is
taken captive. The profound waves of the
marvelous have appeared to him. No one
views without impunity that ocean.
Victor Hugo, in William Shakespeare
a.anani@phenomena.com
95. Proud to Add the Contribution of Rod
King on Aspiration Map
Rod King
contribution is on
Slide 96. "Aspiration
Map", which is one
of the favorite and
most versatile tools
in visually
organizing,
analyzing, and
evaluating ideas
a.anani@phenomena.jo
96. ASPIRATION MAP: A Tool for Visually Organizing, Analyzing, and Evaluating Ideas
Infinite Game Market Segment (Finite Game)
10
Blue Ocean Sweet Spot Luxury Spot
(Value Innovation) Ideas (Differentiated)
Ideas Luxury Spot
Ideas
6
Disruption Spot/Lean Oasis Volcano
(Disruptive Innovation) (‘Stuck-in-the-middle’) Design
Disruption Spot
Ideas Ideas
(+): DELIGHT:
(Benefit)
3
Green Ocean No-Man’s-Island Red Ocean
Ideas Ideas Ideas
Strategic Enterprise
Choice
Key
Profitable Ideas 3 6 10
Low/No-Profit Ideas
(-): PAIN (Cost)
Copyright 2012. Dr. Rod King. rodkuhnking@sbcglobal.net & http://businessmodels.ning.com & http://twitter.com/RodKuhnKing
98. Thing Of “Purpose Leadership Aspiration” is Joy For Ever!
• Let us face it – If we had to further synthesis the true meaning of this
“Organize and Analyze” presentation– it is all about aspiring to shrink
the world into a bag of ideas, with a purpose driven leadership style.
• Rightfully so, Rod King has added another feather to the cap, with
his “one of its kind” Aspiration Map.
• Interestingly enough, our firm also has a similar Purpose Driven
Leadership map, very similar to Rod's Aspiration map - that is built on
the same themes of delight and pain – resulting in a sweet purpose
leadership aspiration spot called JOY – as outlined in the next slide
and also in our article in the MIX site.
99. Purpose Driven Purpose Driven
God’s biggest Leadership(PDL)
delight is to be Leadership (PDL)
operates in the sweet
believed (with faith Aspiration Map
equilibrium spot
and love) and his between God driven
biggest Pain is to God Joy & Emotional
be doubted (with no Driven Joy
Energy driven Joy!
hope) Equilibrium
Spiritual
Energy
Optimal Realm
Delight Pain
Purpose
is o be is to be
Driven
believed doubted
Leadership Emotional
with without
Equilibrium
Energy
Realm
Emotion’s biggest
delight is to believe Emotional
(with faith and love) Energy
and its biggest Pain Driven Joy
is to doubt (with no Equilibrium
hope)
100. Purpose Driven Leadership Aspiration is all about
managing Our Leadership Brand
• Leadership Brands are not just about managing the current potential of
these ideas, but also, they are about managing their future possibilities
and aspirations.
• In other words the purpose seed (with its five parts) is what makes our
leadership brand to stretch between possibilities and aspirations and
make it as “the passionate collaborative entity” like this presentation.
• With that said, if CK. Prahalad and Gary Hamel had to write the foreword
for our presentation today, they would say that “creating the purpose
leadership stretch, a misfit between possibilities and aspirations, is the
single most important task faced by leaders”.
• Simply put, if we had to write a purpose leadership stretch equation
representing the misfit between possibilities and aspirations it would be
Leadership Brand aspiration =
Current possibilities+ Future possibilities + Purpose
possibilities
101. In Closing – Shrinking the world into a bag of ideas, is
all about stretching our leadership aspirations and
possibilities!
While “shrinking the world into a bag" means just pursuing current
opportunities that fits current possibilities, there also exist another
approach in which "stretch" can supplement fit, and so,
stretching our leadership equity, to bridge the chasm between
our aspiration and possibilities, by finding purpose driven ways of
achieving those aspiratory goals, is the way to go!
Hinweis der Redaktion
BIBLIOGRAPHYAnderson, C. (2009) Free. New York: Hyperion.Anderson, C. (2006) The Long Tail. New York: Hyperion.Bicheno, J. (2000) The Lean Toolbox. Buckingham: Moreton Press.Christensen, C. (2003) The Innovator’s Dilemma. Boston: Harvard Business School (HBS) Press.George, M.L.; Rowlands, D.; Price, M.; Maxey, J. (2005) Lean Six Sigma Pocket Toolbook. New York: McGraw-Hill (Kano Analysis, pp. 64-68).Hammond, J.S.; Keeney, R.L.; Raiffa, H. (1999) Smart Choices. Boston: Harvard Business School (HBS) Press.Keiningham, T.; Vavra, T. (2001) The Customer Delight Principle. New York: McGraw-Hill.Kiechel, W. (2010) The Lords of Strategy. Boston: Harvard Business School (HBS) Press.Kurzweil, R. (2005) The Singularity is Near. New York: Viking.Maney, K. (2009) Trade-off. New York: Broadway Books.Mullins, J.; Komisar, R. (2009) Getting to Plan B. Boston: Harvard Business School (HBS) Press.Silverstein, D.; Samuel, P.; DeCarlo, N. (2009)The Innovator’s Toolkit. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.Slywotzky, A.J. (1996) Value Migration. Boston: Harvard Business School (HBS) Press.Wikipedia. Pleasure Principle. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleasure_principle_(psychology)Wikipedia. TRIZ. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TRIZ