Presentation for Urban Research Utrecht, a research school at Utrecht University, on Open Access to scholarly information in geography and planning, focussing of advantages, disadvantges, various forms, costs and actions of stakeholders

1. basics and current situation
beyond the pros and cons debate
Jeroen Bosman, Utrecht University Library
j.bosman@uu.nl @jeroenbosman
slideshare.net/hierohiero
20130418

2. • Frank van
Learhoven
• Rahel Nardos
• Kees Volkers
• Pieter van der
Heijde

3. Advantages of Open Access
 Foster science by soliciting broader
discussion and citation of published
research
 Foster the economy by easier access for
small companies
 Create goodwill for science among the
general public
 Reduce costs (in some models)
 Foster science and education by making
re-use easier (replication, data-sharing)

4. The simple take on Open
Access
 Easy and free access for all to results of
publicly funded research is a good thing
 Authors should publish in Open Access
journals (Gold OA) or at least share their
papers in repositories (Green OA)
 This is easy to do and ensures free
access to all

5. Fifty shades of open access
…..
Type Subtype Who pays? Example
Gold “Diamond” Institution (subsidy)
Gold Gold, not for profit Author (fee) Int. J. of the
Commons
Gold Gold, for profit Author (fee) PLoS
Gold Hybrid gold, for profit  Author (fee)
+ Library (subscription)
in Nature
Green Last author version in
repository (embargo‟s)
Library (subscription) in Igitur
Green Pre-prints Library (subscription) ArXiv / SSRN /
PeerJ preprints
Green Working papers Working paper archive
(institutional subsidy)
in RepEc
Green “Black” (sharing against
copyright)
Publisher via Academia

6. Common option 1:
Hybrid gold OA, for profit
 Pay to read → pay to publish
 Offered by most commercial publishers (e.g.
Sage Open , Springer Open Choice, ...)
 - no short term reduction in subscription prices
 - extra costs
 - expensive for research intensive universities
 - wrong incentives for publishers?

7. Common option 2:
Green OA by depositing embargoed last
author version in repository (Igitur)
 No shift of payment
 Embargo periods vary: 0-24 months
 - no reduction of subscription prices

8. Effects of models compared to subscription paywall
Model:
Effects on:
Gold-PF:
• Profit
• full OA
Gold-PH:
• Profit
• hybrid
OA
Gold-NP:
• non-
profit
Green Pre-prints /
working
papers
Cost
reduction
- (res. univ.)
+ (teach
univ.)
- + 0 +/-
Public
availability
of research
++ + ++ + +
Citability + + + +/- +
Speed 0 0 0 0 ++
Re-use
rights (CC)
depends on publisher
license
+ +/- +

9. Official Utrecht University
stance on OA
 Supports OA, but favours publisher
versions in the Igitur Archive
 Offers OA funds to help finance gold OA
publications, but not for hybrid model
 Delegates execution of policy to library

10. European Union stance on
OA
 FP7 Clause 39: >
 Deposit in repository (institutional or OpenAire):
“beneficiaries shall deposit an electronic copy of
the published version or the final manuscript
accepted for publication”
 Make “best efforts” to have it available in OA
within (12) months
 Thus publish:
○ Gold OA
○ Green OA, i.e. with publishers that allow
depositing in repositories (blue or green in
Sherpa/Romeo)
 Horizon 2020 (from 2014): gold OR green

11. Overview of 48 funders‟
requirements
33
14
1
OA mandates
Green/repository
Green or Gold
Gold preferred
Source: Sparc (2013)
Analysis of funder Open
Access policies around the
world
a.o.:a.o.:

12. Publisher‟s green OA policies
 Overview on Sherpa/Romeo site >
 a selection for geosciences & geography:
Publisher author’s original accepted manuscript, after
PR but unformatted
published version
AGU   6 m. embargo
Cambridge UP   12 m. embargo
Elsevier Science   12-24 m. embargo x
Nature PG   6 m. embargo x
Oxford UP  24 m. embargo x
Pion   12 m. embargo x
Sage   12 m. embargo x
Springer   x
Taylor & Francis   12-18 m. embargo x
Wiley (Blackwell)   0-24 m. embargo x

13. Gold OA article processing costs
(APC)
 Range $8-3900 acc. 2012 research >…
 Per article or page ….
 Different charges for various formats
format (BibTex etc.), see e.g. Copernicus
 If APC average <2000 GBP there are net
savings according to JISC report „Going for
gold‟ >
 Placed against article influence
by Eigenfactor.org >

14. Article processing charges (APC‟s)
publisher # jrnls # full OA APC (€) # hybrid jnls APC (€)
Elsevier ~2800 39 400-4000 1500 400-4000
Oxford >250 13 ~1200 >100 ?
Pion 7 1 ? 0 -
Sage >700 13 ~1500 >600 1150-2300
Springer >2000 >360 1200-1800 >1500 2200
Taylor&Francis 1600 15 800-1200 700 2150
Wiley ~1500 22 1350 >1300 2300

15. Who’s doing what?
Funders
- Mandates
- repositories
Trad. Publishers
- Allowing green
- Gold jnls, APC
Libraries
- Repositories
- Consultancy
- OA publishing
Universities
- OA stance
- OA funds
- Researcher profiles
Learned
societies
- Lobby with publishers
New OA publishers
- New journals
- New publ concepts
YOU

16. You can….
 Submit papers to OA journals
 Use funds from EU, NOW, UU
 Deposit author versions in Igitur
 Through Metis or directly using the UU author
pages
 Share through Mendeley or ResearchGate
 Press publishers, refuse to hand over
copyright
 As editor‟s think about your role
 Start a new OA journal

17. Free full OA journals
– human geography & planning
 ACME – Scopus – free >
 Asian Development review – Scopus - free
 Cybergeo, European Journal of geography – Scopus – free >
 Demographic Research (Max Planck) – Scopus/WoS – free >
 European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure
Research (TUD) – WoS – free >
 Social Geography (Copernicus) – Scopus – waived >
 Many more at DOAJ

18. Directory of OA Journals >
 Made by Lund Univ. Lib., currently led
by IS4OA >
 Almost exhaustive, not very selective
 As yet no indication of
 peer review
 indexing in e.g. Scopus, WoS

19. More OA journal lists with OA
indication
 Master journal list Scopus (some 1900
OA), subject, SNIP & more xls >
 Alas no public list of (1200) OA journals
in WoS
 UBU Omega journal listings, also by
subject
 JournalTocs at Heriot Watt univ. also
with subject lists

20. Predatory publishers
 Jeffrey Beall‟s list of >300 predatory
publishers: >
 OASPA code of conduct, 55 publishers >
 How to check for scamminess: >
 Editorial boards
 Start year
 DOAJ list

21. Open Access books
 Some predatory/questionable publishers
 Not always agreements with Google Books
for indexing
 DOAB: directory of open access books >
 Examples:

22. Is scholarly communication
“broken”?
We cannot read
everything
• Nanopubs, smart abstracts
• Ref systems, Mendeley
Publishing takes too
long
• Pre-print servers SSRN etc
• PloS / eLife review model
Communication is not
open and too sparse
• Open peer review
• Working paper platforms
• Blogging, Tweeting
People cannot find
my stuff
• author disambiguation
• profiles
• own site
• UU author pages
• Upload in Igitur

23. Things
are
changing,
ball is on
your side
read
feature in
Nature
issue
7442 >

24. THANK
YOU!
Jeroen Bosman
@jeroenbosman

25. Links and refs
 Beall‟s list of predatory publishers
 Directory of Open Access Journals
 Eigenfactor article influence versus APC‟s
 EU FP7 Open Access clause
 JISC report „Going for gold‟ (2012)
 Nature feature on future of publishing (2013)
 Open Access Publishers code of conduct
 Scopus Journal list
 Utrecht University Library – LibGuide Open Access