1. Power point presentation on
political philosophers of france
by
Harsh kumar arya
9th -a

2. WHO IS A PHILOSOPHER ?:
• WHO IS A PHILOSOPHER ? Philosophers were
men and women who met to discuss society and
politics, and solutions to social problems. They
spread new ideas, and a majority of them were
writers. The French philosophers of the
Enlightenment Era didn't play an active role in the
events of the revolution, but their ideas inspired
the revolutionary movement. The main
philosophers were
Voltaire, Rousseau, Diderot, John Locke and
Montesquieu .

3. •THE MAIN
PHILOSOPHERS WHO
GAVE A NEW DIRECTION
TO THE FRENCH
REVOLUTION.

4. montesquieu

5. • MONTESQUIEU Charles-Louis de Secondat, baron de La Brède et de
Montesquieu generally referred to as simply Montesquieu, was a French
social commentator and political thinker who lived during
the Enlightenment. Montesquieu remained the most important political
philosopher of the French Revolution.
• Montesquieu proposed the idea that a monarch should not operate with
absolute power, but limits (e.g. a constitution, parliamentary bodies).
There should be a separation of powers. Montesquieu's most influential
work divided French society into three: legislative (they make the
laws), executive (they enforce the law) and judicial (the court system).
These should be separate from and dependent upon each other so that
the influence of any one power would not be able to exceed that of the
other two, either singly or in combination. This was a radical idea because
it completely eliminated the three Estates structure of the French
Monarchy.
•

6. Jean jacques

7. • ROUSSEAU Jean-Jacques Rousseau was a Genevan philosopher, writer, and
composer of 18th-century Romanticism of French expression. His political
philosophy influenced the French Revolution. Rousseau was a successful
composer of music. He wrote seven operas as well as music in other
forms, and he made contributions to music as a theorist.
•
• During the period of the French Revolution, Rousseau was the most
popular of the philosophers among members of the Jacobin Club.
Rousseau believed in the natural goodness of man, this idea appealed to
many people, including some of the people instrumental in the events
leading to the French Revolution, such as the oath at the Tennis Court. The
concepts of the Social Contract had the greatest influence on
revolutionary France, especially ideas on equality and the general will. The
Social Contract did not seek to end slavery, although the arguments put
forward against absolutist monarchy could also be used in favour of
abolishing slavery.

8. John locke

9. • JOHN LOCKE :
• JOHN LOCKE John Locke widely known as the Father of Classical Liberalism
, was an English philosopher and physician regarded as one of the most
influential of Enlightenment thinkers.Locke's theory of the natural rights of
man to life, liberty and property gained popularity among masses. He was
regarded as the great theorist of modern freedom.
•
• Locke's most important work of political philosophy was the Two Treatises
on Government . John Locke argued that : The power of the king (or any
government) is derived from the people, who contract to obey their rulers
in exchange for law and security. Individuals have a natural right to hold
property, and this can never be taken from them without their own
consent. If a ruler exceeds the terms of the contract that empowers him or
seizes property without consent, the people can resist and depose him.
•