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Dec. 1, 2012 General Shareholders Meeting

Business Report
-Alexander Islands-

1
Objective
Objective: To maximize the surplus
“Maximize the cash-in and Minimize the cash-out”
• Cash-out
• Cost of merchandise (70%
of total cost)
• Account payable (30% of
• Cash-in
last cost of merchandise)
• Cash revenue (60% of
• Advertise expenses
revenue)
• Wages
• Account receivable (40%
• Freight cost
of last revenue)
• Office rent
• Loan
• Warehouse
• Interest
• Repay
2
Objective
To maximize the cash-in…

Revenue

Price
Price sensitivity to quantity…?

Quantity
Optimal Inventory control…?

The best way is to keep the demand without reducing
the price and the lack of inventories
3
Objective
To minimize the cash-out…

Cost

Advertis
ement
Advertisement sensitivity to quantity…?

Wasteful
spending
Optimal Inventory control…?
Optimal procurement…?

The best way is to control the advertisement and the
procurement while getting the optimal discount
4
A) Enforcement of policy
 Procurement strategy
Never lose the opportunity for selling
 Important tips are...

1) Predict the demand
2) Inventory control (watch the inventory and
the demand for two months ahead)
Minimize warehouse cost and purchase price
Important tips are...

1) Never keep too much inventory
2) Keep the procurement over 1,200 units as
much as possible
5
A) Enforcement of policy
 Sales strategy
Aim to sell 10% above the average
Keep the price expensive (but a bit cheaper than
competitors)
1) Price is not sensitive to the demand
2) But we expected the accumulating effect
Change the advertisement sensitively
1) The advertisement is sensitive to the
demand more than last session
2) Demand control will be easily done by
changing the advertisement
6
B) Market status
 Demand transition
 Demand condition was drastically changed after round 5
 Demand of Simon was higher than Herbert after round 7
 Finally, demand was stable on final round
7,000

5,602

Number of demand

6,000

6,090 6,001 5,900
5,740
5,000

6,013 6,100

4,600

5,340

4,000

4,780 3,678

3,000

2,556 3,400
1,820

2,000
1,000

2,330
248

400

1

2

690

900

1,630
1,201 1,104

0
3

4

5

Simon
7

6

Herbert

7

8

9

10

11
C) B/S and P/L through the rounds
 B/S

Unit: dora
CashOnHandAndDeposit

16,878

24,600 AccountReceivableTrade
InventriesInSimon
11,000
InventriesInHervert
700,000
Land
35,792
TotalAssets
771,392 LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity 771,392

63,420

CashOnHandAndDeposit 33,446
AccountReceivableTrade 58,812
InventriesInSimon
2,791
InventriesInHervert
26,342
Land
650,000
TotalAssets

8

Borrowings

21,000

102,927

ShareCapital

700,000

650,000

CapitalSurplus

80,065

0

833,225 LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity

35,130 AccountReceivableTrade
InventriesInSimon
11,000
InventriesInHervert
700,000
Land
48,700
TotalAssets
794,830 LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity 794,830

60,850

Round 5

32,160

Borrowings

21,000

118,802

ShareCapital

700,000

650,000

CapitalSurplus

86,915

0

840,075 LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity
23,470

32,835 AccountReceivableTrade
InventriesInSimon
11,000
InventriesInHervert
700,000
Land
68,193
TotalAssets
812,028 LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity 812,028

62,284

Round 3
AccountPayableTrade
Borrowings
ShareCapital
CapitalSurplus

833,225

AccountPayableTrade

CashOnHandAndDeposit

CashOnHandAndDeposit
8,513
AccountReceivableTrade 63,786
InventriesInSimon
4,210
InventriesInHervert
85,520
Land
650,000

TotalAssets

32,160

10,423

Round 2
AccountPayableTrade
Borrowings
ShareCapital
CapitalSurplus

Round 4
AccountPayableTrade

CashOnHandAndDeposit

CashOnHandAndDeposit 20,659
AccountReceivableTrade 53,626
InventriesInSimon
0
InventriesInHervert
70,545
Land
650,000
TotalAssets

Round 1
AccountPayableTrade
Borrowings
ShareCapital
CapitalSurplus

840,075

Round 6
AccountPayableTrade

24,600

Borrowings

21,000

99,437

ShareCapital

700,000

650,000

CapitalSurplus

89,591

0

835,191 LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity

835,191
C) B/S and P/L through the rounds
 B/S

Unit: dora

CashOnHandAndDeposit

66,070

AccountReceivableTrade

74,472

AccountPayableTrade

24,600

InventriesInSimon

17,630

Borrowings

21,000

InventriesInHervert

40,136

ShareCapital

700,000

CashOnHandAndDeposit

97,161

Land

650,000

CapitalSurplus

102,708

AccountReceivableTrade

70,496

AccountPayableTrade

848,308

InventriesInSimon

29,353

Borrowings

InventriesInHervert

31,141

ShareCapital

700,000

Land

650,000

CapitalSurplus

136,135

Round 7

848,308 LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity

TotalAssets

Round 10

42,015
0

CashOnHandAndDeposit

80,978

AccountReceivableTrade

70,992

AccountPayableTrade

InventriesInSimon

31,371

Borrowings

InventriesInHervert

22,626

ShareCapital

700,000

CashOnHandAndDeposit

79,863

Land

650,000

CapitalSurplus

123,807

AccountReceivableTrade

63,978

AccountPayableTrade

855,967

InventriesInSimon

15,942

Borrowings

InventriesInHervert

54,486

ShareCapital

700,000

Land

650,000

CapitalSurplus

124,549

Round 8

855,967 LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity

TotalAssets
CashOnHandAndDeposit

110,854

AccountReceivableTrade

39,720

AccountPayableTrade

InventriesInSimon

33,227

Borrowings

InventriesInHervert

0
650,000

Land

9

TotalAssets

878,150 LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity

878,150

0

Round 9

13,800
0

ShareCapital

700,000

CapitalSurplus

120,001

833,801 LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity

TotalAssets

32,160

833,801

TotalAssets

Round 11

864,269 LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity

39,720
0

864,269
C) B/S and P/L through the rounds
 B/S
 Too many inventories seem to be a problem…
 We should have shifted inventories to cash
250,000

Time series of B/S (excluding Land and Share capital)

200,000
150,000

Dora

100,000
50,000
0
-50,000

Round 1 Round 2 Round 3 Round 4 Round 5 Round 6 Round 7 Round 8 Round 9 Round
10

Round
11

-100,000
-150,000
-200,000

CashOnHandAndDeposit

AccountReceivableTrade

InventriesInSimon

AccountPayableTrade

Borrowings

CapitalSurplus

10

InventriesInHervert
C) B/S and P/L through the rounds
 P/L

Unit: dora

Round 1
AdvertisingExpense 6,740
Sales
147,030
Radio
6,000
CostOfSales
97,866 MagazineInSimon
280
GrossProfit
49,164 MargazineInHerbert
460
SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpenses 40,712
Wages
15,000
OperatingProfit
8,452
Freight-out
12,112
InterestExpense
660
RentExpense
4,000
OrdinaryProfit

7,792

Warehouse

2,860

Round 2
AdvertisingExpense 6,740
Sales
134,065
Radio
6,000
CostOfSales
75,688 MagazineInSimon
280
GrossProfit
58,377 MargazineInHerbert
460
SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpenses 44,808
Wages
15,000
OperatingProfit
13,569
Freight-out
11,168
InterestExpense
660
RentExpense
4,000
OrdinaryProfit

12,909

Warehouse

7,900

Round 3
AdvertisingExpense 7,280
Sales
159,465
Radio
6,000
CostOfSales
90,266 MagazineInSimon
500
GrossProfit
69,199 MargazineInHerbert
780
SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpenses 49,046
Wages
15,000
OperatingProfit
20,153
Freight-out
12,536
InterestExpense
660
RentExpense
4,000
OrdinaryProfit

11

19,493

Warehouse

10,230

8,300
Sales
158,550
Radio
6,000
CostOfSales
94,002 MagazineInSimon
500
GrossProfit
64,548 MargazineInHerbert 1,800
SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpenses 51,416
Wages
15,000
OperatingProfit
13,132
Freight-out
12,456
InterestExpense
1,260
RentExpense
4,000
OrdinaryProfit
11,872
Warehouse
11,660
Round 4

AdvertisingExpense

8,080
Sales
152,125
Radio
6,000
CostOfSales
91,326 MagazineInSimon
280
GrossProfit
60,799 MargazineInHerbert 1,800
SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpenses 52,690
Wages
15,000
OperatingProfit
8,109
Freight-out
12,200
InterestExpense
1,260
RentExpense
4,000
OrdinaryProfit
6,849
Warehouse
13,410
Round 5

AdvertisingExpense

AdvertisingExpense 8,080
155,709
Radio
6,000
CostOfSales
101,365 MagazineInSimon
280
GrossProfit
54,344 MargazineInHerbert 1,800
SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpenses 50,408
Wages
15,000
OperatingProfit
3,936
Freight-out
12,328
InterestExpense
1,260
RentExpense
4,000
OrdinaryProfit
2,676
Warehouse
11,000
Round 6

Sales
C) B/S and P/L through the rounds
 P/L
8,700
6,000
CostOfSales
123,670 MagazineInSimon
900
Round 10
GrossProfit
62,510 MargazineInHerbert 1,800
Sales
SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpenses 48,132
Wages
15,000
CostOfSales
OperatingProfit
14,378
Freight-out
14,272
GrossProfit
InterestExpense
1,260
RentExpense
4,000
SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense
OrdinaryProfit
13,118
Warehouse
6,160
s
OperatingProfit
Round 8
AdvertisingExpense 6,700
InterestExpense
Sales
177,480
Radio
4,000
OrdinaryProfit
CostOfSales
110,969 MagazineInSimon
900
GrossProfit
66,511 MargazineInHerbert 1,800
Round 11
SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpenses 45,412
Wages
15,000
Sales
OperatingProfit
21,099
Freight-out
13,792
CostOfSales
InterestExpense
0
RentExpense
4,000
GrossProfit
OrdinaryProfit
21,099
Warehouse
5,920
SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense
s
Round 9
AdvertisingExpense 4,740
Round 7
Sales

Sales
CostOfSales
GrossProfit
SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpenses
OperatingProfit
InterestExpense
OrdinaryProfit

12

Unit: dora

AdvertisingExpense
186,180
Radio

99,300
Radio
4,000
66,770 MagazineInSimon
280
32,530 MargazineInHerbert
460
36,336
Wages
15,000
-3,806
Freight-out
9,296
0
RentExpense
4,000
-3,806
Warehouse
3,300

OperatingProfit
InterestExpense
OrdinaryProfit

AdvertisingExpense
176,240
Radio
112,783 MagazineInSimon
63,457 MargazineInHerbert

6,700
4,000
900
1,800

47,322

Wages

15,000

16,135
0
16,135

Freight-out
RentExpense

14,712
4,000
6,910

Warehouse

AdvertisingExpense
159,945
Radio
122,465 MagazineInSimon
37,480 MargazineInHerbert

6,080
4,000
280
1,800

49,066

Wages

15,000

-11,586
0
-11,586

Freight-out
RentExpense

15,696
4,000
8,290

Warehouse
C) B/S and P/L through the rounds
 P/L
 Too much warehouse cost seems to be a problem…
60,000

Time series of costs

50,000

Dora

40,000
30,000
20,000

10,000
0

Round 1 Round 2 Round 3 Round 4 Round 5 Round 6 Round 7 Round 8 Round 9 Round 10 Round 11

Radio

MargazineInHerbert

Wages

Freight-out
13

MagazineInSimon
RentExpense

Warehouse

InterestExpense
D) Sales to the final round, current profit, and
transition graph of surplus
 Sales to the final round
 The drastic fall of sales on round 9 was disaster
because of lack of inventories…
200,000
180,000

159,465

160,000 147,030
134,065
140,000

Dora

120,000
100,000

155,709

158,550
152,125

186,180
177,480

176,240
159,945

99,300

80,000
60,000
40,000
20,000

0
Round Round Round Round Round Round Round Round Round Round Round
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
14
D) Sales to the final round, current profit, and
transition graph of surplus
 Current profit to the final round
 Current profit was really unstable
 Especially round 9 and 11 was terrible
25,000

19,493

21,099

20,000

16,135

15,000

Dora

10,000
5,000

12,909
7,792

13,118

11,872
6,849
2,676

0
Round Round Round Round Round Round Round Round Round Round Round
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
-5,000
-3,806
-10,000
-15,000
15

-11,586
D) Sales to the final round, current profit, and
transition graph of surplus
 Surplus to the final round
 Growth rate of surplus seems to be poor, as well as
the falls on round 9 and 11
160,000
136,135
124,549
123,807
120,001

140,000
120,000

102,708

Dora

100,000
80,065

80,000

86,915 89,591

68,193

60,000

48,700

40,000 35,792
20,000
0
Round Round Round Round Round Round Round Round Round Round Round
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
16
E) Success point in management
 To minimize the purchase price
 Aimed to get the discount to minimize the purchase
price (only in case that we had enough inventories)

 To keep the price high and a bit cheaper than
competitors
 Aimed to get a bit much sales compared to others
(only in case that we had enough inventories)
Price

Purchase cost/unit
95

90

90

90

90

160
140

85

Dora

90

120

80

81
77

77

81

81

145

150

150

150

150

150

145

145

150

145

145

145

150

145

149

145

145

150

77

40

70

20

65

105

80
60

75

150

130

100
77

140

simon
herbert

0
Round Round Round Round Round Round Round Round Round Round Round
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

17

Round Round Round Round Round Round Round Round Round Round Round
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
F) Reflection point in management
 To control inventories on the optimal way
 A lot of inventories on former half and less inventories
on latter half especially in Herbert
 In result, we had much warehouse cost and lost the
opportunity for selling each
1800

Inventory and procurement

Number of products

1600
1400

Better
rounds

1200
1000

Too much inventories

800

No
inventories

600
400
200
0
Round 1 Round 2 Round 3 Round 4 Round 5 Round 6 Round 7 Round 8 Round 9 Round 10 Round 11
Inventory simon

18

Inventory herbert

Procurement simon

Procurement herbert
F) Reflection point in management
 To control inventories on the optimal way
 Misstook predicting the demand in both islands
 Estimated too aggressive demand curve in both islands and
that saturating condition will be coming soon
 Cound not catch up with demand changes
Based on last session…
12,000

Real condition…
10,000

y = -144.93x2 + 412.07x + 5676.2
R² = 0.9968

10,000

9,000
8,000

8,000

7,000

6,000

6,000

4,000

5,000

2,000

4,000

0
-2,000

y = 11.668x3 - 257.38x2 + 995.11x + 5147.5
R² = 0.9859

y = -12.14x3 + 249.72x2 - 758.69x + 881.87
R² = 0.9966

3,000
0

2

4

6

8

y = 72.143x2 + 326.54x - 145.4
R² = 0.9961

-4,000
-6,000

10

2,000

1,000
0
0

simon

19

herbert

1

2

3

4
Simon

5

6
Herbert

7

8

9

10

11
G) Comparison and cause analysis
 Comparison of sales
 Inventory control is the most important
 Have no a big difference even between top and low teams
except for rounds having no inventories for low teams
 It means that almost same price and sales amount were set
in every team
250000
200000
150000
100000
50000
0
Round 1 Round 2 Round 3 Round 4 Round 5 Round 6 Round 7 Round 8 Round 9 Round Round
10
11
Team 1
Team 2
Team 3
Team 4
Team 5
Team 6

20
G) Comparison and cause analysis
 Comparison of current profit
 The big difference of current profit
 Top teams could keep the high current profit on average on
all rounds
 Current profits of low teams were not stable
40000
30000
20000
10000
0
Round 1 Round 2 Round 3 Round 4 Round 5 Round 6 Round 7 Round 8 Round 9 Round 10 Round 11
-10000
-20000
-30000
-40000

Team 1
21

Team 2

Team 3

Team 4

Team 5

Team 6
G) Comparison and cause analysis
 Comparison of surplus
 Stable growth is KSF
 Top teams could keep the stable growth rate of surplus
because of the stable current profit
300000
250000
200000

150000
100000
50000
0
Round 1 Round 2 Round 3 Round 4 Round 5 Round 6 Round 7 Round 8 Round 9 Round 10 Round 11

Team 1
22

Team 2

Team 3

Team 4

Team 5

Team 6
G) Comparison and cause analysis
 Comparison of inventory
 Inventories of top teams are significantly stable
 Top teams have never lost the opportunities for selling and
kept too much inventories in both islands
 It is obvious that lost teams have experienced the lack of
inventories on former half in Simon and on latter half in
Herbert
180000
160000

Inventory assets in Simon

160000
140000

140000

Inventory assets in Herbert

60000

120000
Team 1
100000
Team 2
80000
Team 3
Team 4 60000

40000

Team 5 40000

Team 5

20000

Team 6 20000

Team 6

0

0

120000
100000
80000

23

Team 1
Team 2
Team 3
Team 4
H) Attached material
 Strategy policy
 Developed the core
strategy not to lose our
aims in advance
 This is the land mark
when we see what we
cannot expect
 Composed of
procurement and sales
strategy mainly

24
H) Attached material
 Developed the simulator to monitor the change
of surplus following input data
ound 1

ound 2

ound 3

ound 4

ound 5

ound 6

ound 7

ound 8

ound 9

ound 10

ound 11

6,000

6,000

6,000

6,000

6,000

6,000

6,000

4,000

4,000

4,000

4,000

simon

4

4

2

2

4

4

1

1

4

1

herbert

Adv.

4

4

2

1

1

1

1

1

4

1

radio
magazine

ound 2

ound 7

ound 8

ound 10

ound 11

150

150

150

150

150

145

145

150

140

150

dora/n

145

145

145

150

145

149

145

145

150

130

105

dora/n

1,000

850

700

600

800

600

200

200

0

0

50

n

300

350

500

200

0

600

200

1,500

1,600

1,200

1,200

n

0

0

10,000

0

0

0

-21,000

0

0

0

Loan
Loans

11,000

11,000

11,000

21,000

21,000

ound 6

21,000

21,000

0

ound 9

0

100

1

145

herbert

ound 5

120

1800

2

pages

simon
simon

ound 4

780

900

pages

1

0

procurement

ound 3

145 145 145 150

500

4

herbert

280

ound 1
price

145 150 150 150

140

4

herbert

Product

160

460

simon

dora

dora

0

dora

80

12,000

y = -144.93x2 + 412.07x + 5676.2
R² = 0.9968

10,000

60
40

8,000

20

6,000

0

Ro
un
d
Ro 1
un
d
Ro 2
un
d
Ro 3
un
d
4
R

Input form of
advertisement, price
and procurement

INP

4,000
2,000
0
-2,000

Demand
ound 1

ound 2

ound 7

ound 8

971

931

950

938

756

710

628

432

210

217

143

n

43

simon

67

117

157

325

441

656

792

868

1,122

1,319

Demand prediction

ound 4

ound 5

ound 6

ound 9

4

5

6

7

10

5,056

4,087

2,931

1,459

-303

-2,355

-4,696

-7,328

1,468

2,420

3,241

4,411

5,675

7,084

8,637

10,334

12,176

ound 2

ound 3

ound 4

ound 5

ound 6

ound 7

ound 8

ound 9

ound 10

ound 11

6,090

6,001

5,900

5,740

5,340

4,780

3,400

2,330

1,630

1,201

1,104

248

400

690

900

1,820

2,556

3,678

4,600

5,602

6,013

6,100

ound 1

ound 2

ound 3

ound 4

ound 5

ound 6

ound 7

ound 8

ound 9

ound 10

ound 11

Herbert

3

4

5

y=

6

7

8

9

10

72.143x2

+ 326.54x - 145.4
R² = 0.9961

-6,000
simon

herbert

y = 11.668x3 - 257.38x2 + 995.11x + 5147.5
R² = 0.98592

10,000

7,000

9,000

6,000

8,000

6,090 6,001 5,900

7,000

5,000

6,000
4,000

5,000

Inverntory
ound -1
Inventory

simon

29

0

50

0

0

0

172

340

330

313

170

n

0

257

790

973

1,166

1,341

1,100

444

252

0

378

659

n

ound 1
ales

4,000

500

herbert

Inventory monitor

2

11

5,615

712

ound 1
imon

3

5,861

298

herbert

2

5,972

simon

9

ound 11

1
total_prediction

8

ound 10

1

n

herbert

ound 3

0

-4,000

ound 2

971
43

simon
herbert

829
67

ound 3

950
117

ound 4

900
157

ound 5

700
325

ound 6

ound 7

600
441

628
656

ound 8

432
792

ound 9

210
452

ound 10

217
1,122

y = -12.14x3 + 249.72x2 - 758.69x + 881.87
R² = 0.99656

2,000

2,000
1,000

ound 11

143
1,319

n
n

1

147030

Cash-in

ales
Account eceivable
Loan

Cash-out

Pay
AccountPayable

Cash flow monitor

Adv.

134065

152125

155709

186180

177480

99300

5
Simon

7

9

Herbert

11

159465

158550

176240

159945

ound 2

ound 3

ound 4

ound 5

ound 6

ound 7

ound 8

ound 9

ound 10

ound 11

89,550

33,446

20,659

8,513

16,878

10,423

23,470

66,070

80,978

110,854

97,161

88,218

80,439

95,679

95,130

91,275

93,425

111,708

106,488

59,580

105,744

95,967

0 dora

59,700

58,812

53,626

63,786

63,420

60,850

62,284

74,472

70,992

39,720

70,496

63,978 dora

Cash-in
AccountReceivable

60,000

79,863 dora

0

0

0

10,000

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0 dora

57,400

81,970

76,615

75,040

75,040

57,400

57,400

75,040

32,200

98,035

92,680

75,040 dora

105,250

24,600

35,130

32,835

32,160

32,160

24,600

24,600

32,160

13,800

42,015

39,720 dora

140,000
0
120,000

Cash-out Adv.
Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 5

6,740

7,280

8,300

8,080

8,080

8,700

6,700

4,740

6,700

6,080

15,000

15,000

15,000

15,000

15,000

15,000

15,000

15,000

15,000

15,000

15,000 dora

Freight

12,112

11,168

12,536

12,456

12,200

12,328

14,272

13,792

9,296

14,712

15,696

4,000 dora

ent

4,000

4,000

4,000

4,000

4,000

4,000

4,000

4,000

4,000

4,000

4,000

4,000 dora

80,000

Debtor AccountReceivable

2,860

7,900

10,230

11,660

13,410

11,000

6,160

5,920

3,300

6,910

8,290

0 dora

60,000

Debtor Inventory

660

660

660

1,260

1,260

1,260

1,260

0

0

0

0

0 dora

40,000

Creditor AccountPayable

epay

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

21,000

0

0

0

33,446

20,659

8,513

16,878

10,423

23,470

66,070

80,978

110,854

97,161

79,863

dora

Cash-out
AccountPayable

20,000

6,740

CahInHand

#N/A

Cash-out Pay
40,000

15,000

Interest

0 dora
#N/A

dora

100,000

Debtor Cash

Creditor Borrowings

20,000
0
Round Round Round Round Round
1
2
3
4
5

urplus

B/S and surplus
monitor

ound 3

ound 4

ound 5

ound 6

ound 7

ound 8

ound 10

ound 11

20,659

8,513

16,878

10,423

23,470

66,070

80,978

110,854

97,161

79,863

58,812

53,626

63,786

63,420

60,850

62,284

74,472

70,992

39,720

70,496

63,978

Inventory
Land
Creditor

AccountPayable
Borrowings
Capital

urplus

25

ound 2

33,446

ound 9

29,315

66,078

86,129

104,163

119,796

112,750

63,140

52,885

37,950

56,926

68,600

650,000

650,000

650,000

650,000

650,000

650,000

650,000

650,000

650,000

650,000

650,000

24,600

35,130

32,835

32,160

32,160

24,600

24,600

32,160

13,800

42,015

39,720

11,000

11,000

11,000

21,000

21,000

21,000

21,000

0

0

0

0

700,000

700,000

700,000

700,000

700,000

700,000

700,000

700,000

700,000

700,000

700,000

35,973

44,233

64,593

81,301

87,909

102,904

108,082

122,695

124,724

132,568

122,721

124,724
122,695 132,568
140,000
108,082
102,904
120,000
87,909
81,301
100,000
64,593
80,000
44,233
60,000 35,973
40,000
20,000
0

Ro
un
d
Ro 1
un
d
Ro 2
un
d
Ro 3
un
d
Ro 4
un
d
Ro 5
un
d
Ro 6
un
d
Ro 7
un
d
Ro 8
un
Ro d 9
un
d
10

ound 1
Cash
Account eceivable

Debtor

2

Cash-in Sales

Wages

Warehouse

400

690

0

80,000

ound 1
BeginningCash

3

248
1

1,000

120,000
0
-1
100,000

Cash-Flow

3,000

3,000

3

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Business simulation final

  • 1. Dec. 1, 2012 General Shareholders Meeting Business Report -Alexander Islands- 1
  • 2. Objective Objective: To maximize the surplus “Maximize the cash-in and Minimize the cash-out” • Cash-out • Cost of merchandise (70% of total cost) • Account payable (30% of • Cash-in last cost of merchandise) • Cash revenue (60% of • Advertise expenses revenue) • Wages • Account receivable (40% • Freight cost of last revenue) • Office rent • Loan • Warehouse • Interest • Repay 2
  • 3. Objective To maximize the cash-in… Revenue Price Price sensitivity to quantity…? Quantity Optimal Inventory control…? The best way is to keep the demand without reducing the price and the lack of inventories 3
  • 4. Objective To minimize the cash-out… Cost Advertis ement Advertisement sensitivity to quantity…? Wasteful spending Optimal Inventory control…? Optimal procurement…? The best way is to control the advertisement and the procurement while getting the optimal discount 4
  • 5. A) Enforcement of policy  Procurement strategy Never lose the opportunity for selling  Important tips are... 1) Predict the demand 2) Inventory control (watch the inventory and the demand for two months ahead) Minimize warehouse cost and purchase price Important tips are... 1) Never keep too much inventory 2) Keep the procurement over 1,200 units as much as possible 5
  • 6. A) Enforcement of policy  Sales strategy Aim to sell 10% above the average Keep the price expensive (but a bit cheaper than competitors) 1) Price is not sensitive to the demand 2) But we expected the accumulating effect Change the advertisement sensitively 1) The advertisement is sensitive to the demand more than last session 2) Demand control will be easily done by changing the advertisement 6
  • 7. B) Market status  Demand transition  Demand condition was drastically changed after round 5  Demand of Simon was higher than Herbert after round 7  Finally, demand was stable on final round 7,000 5,602 Number of demand 6,000 6,090 6,001 5,900 5,740 5,000 6,013 6,100 4,600 5,340 4,000 4,780 3,678 3,000 2,556 3,400 1,820 2,000 1,000 2,330 248 400 1 2 690 900 1,630 1,201 1,104 0 3 4 5 Simon 7 6 Herbert 7 8 9 10 11
  • 8. C) B/S and P/L through the rounds  B/S Unit: dora CashOnHandAndDeposit 16,878 24,600 AccountReceivableTrade InventriesInSimon 11,000 InventriesInHervert 700,000 Land 35,792 TotalAssets 771,392 LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity 771,392 63,420 CashOnHandAndDeposit 33,446 AccountReceivableTrade 58,812 InventriesInSimon 2,791 InventriesInHervert 26,342 Land 650,000 TotalAssets 8 Borrowings 21,000 102,927 ShareCapital 700,000 650,000 CapitalSurplus 80,065 0 833,225 LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity 35,130 AccountReceivableTrade InventriesInSimon 11,000 InventriesInHervert 700,000 Land 48,700 TotalAssets 794,830 LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity 794,830 60,850 Round 5 32,160 Borrowings 21,000 118,802 ShareCapital 700,000 650,000 CapitalSurplus 86,915 0 840,075 LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity 23,470 32,835 AccountReceivableTrade InventriesInSimon 11,000 InventriesInHervert 700,000 Land 68,193 TotalAssets 812,028 LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity 812,028 62,284 Round 3 AccountPayableTrade Borrowings ShareCapital CapitalSurplus 833,225 AccountPayableTrade CashOnHandAndDeposit CashOnHandAndDeposit 8,513 AccountReceivableTrade 63,786 InventriesInSimon 4,210 InventriesInHervert 85,520 Land 650,000 TotalAssets 32,160 10,423 Round 2 AccountPayableTrade Borrowings ShareCapital CapitalSurplus Round 4 AccountPayableTrade CashOnHandAndDeposit CashOnHandAndDeposit 20,659 AccountReceivableTrade 53,626 InventriesInSimon 0 InventriesInHervert 70,545 Land 650,000 TotalAssets Round 1 AccountPayableTrade Borrowings ShareCapital CapitalSurplus 840,075 Round 6 AccountPayableTrade 24,600 Borrowings 21,000 99,437 ShareCapital 700,000 650,000 CapitalSurplus 89,591 0 835,191 LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity 835,191
  • 9. C) B/S and P/L through the rounds  B/S Unit: dora CashOnHandAndDeposit 66,070 AccountReceivableTrade 74,472 AccountPayableTrade 24,600 InventriesInSimon 17,630 Borrowings 21,000 InventriesInHervert 40,136 ShareCapital 700,000 CashOnHandAndDeposit 97,161 Land 650,000 CapitalSurplus 102,708 AccountReceivableTrade 70,496 AccountPayableTrade 848,308 InventriesInSimon 29,353 Borrowings InventriesInHervert 31,141 ShareCapital 700,000 Land 650,000 CapitalSurplus 136,135 Round 7 848,308 LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity TotalAssets Round 10 42,015 0 CashOnHandAndDeposit 80,978 AccountReceivableTrade 70,992 AccountPayableTrade InventriesInSimon 31,371 Borrowings InventriesInHervert 22,626 ShareCapital 700,000 CashOnHandAndDeposit 79,863 Land 650,000 CapitalSurplus 123,807 AccountReceivableTrade 63,978 AccountPayableTrade 855,967 InventriesInSimon 15,942 Borrowings InventriesInHervert 54,486 ShareCapital 700,000 Land 650,000 CapitalSurplus 124,549 Round 8 855,967 LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity TotalAssets CashOnHandAndDeposit 110,854 AccountReceivableTrade 39,720 AccountPayableTrade InventriesInSimon 33,227 Borrowings InventriesInHervert 0 650,000 Land 9 TotalAssets 878,150 LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity 878,150 0 Round 9 13,800 0 ShareCapital 700,000 CapitalSurplus 120,001 833,801 LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity TotalAssets 32,160 833,801 TotalAssets Round 11 864,269 LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity 39,720 0 864,269
  • 10. C) B/S and P/L through the rounds  B/S  Too many inventories seem to be a problem…  We should have shifted inventories to cash 250,000 Time series of B/S (excluding Land and Share capital) 200,000 150,000 Dora 100,000 50,000 0 -50,000 Round 1 Round 2 Round 3 Round 4 Round 5 Round 6 Round 7 Round 8 Round 9 Round 10 Round 11 -100,000 -150,000 -200,000 CashOnHandAndDeposit AccountReceivableTrade InventriesInSimon AccountPayableTrade Borrowings CapitalSurplus 10 InventriesInHervert
  • 11. C) B/S and P/L through the rounds  P/L Unit: dora Round 1 AdvertisingExpense 6,740 Sales 147,030 Radio 6,000 CostOfSales 97,866 MagazineInSimon 280 GrossProfit 49,164 MargazineInHerbert 460 SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpenses 40,712 Wages 15,000 OperatingProfit 8,452 Freight-out 12,112 InterestExpense 660 RentExpense 4,000 OrdinaryProfit 7,792 Warehouse 2,860 Round 2 AdvertisingExpense 6,740 Sales 134,065 Radio 6,000 CostOfSales 75,688 MagazineInSimon 280 GrossProfit 58,377 MargazineInHerbert 460 SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpenses 44,808 Wages 15,000 OperatingProfit 13,569 Freight-out 11,168 InterestExpense 660 RentExpense 4,000 OrdinaryProfit 12,909 Warehouse 7,900 Round 3 AdvertisingExpense 7,280 Sales 159,465 Radio 6,000 CostOfSales 90,266 MagazineInSimon 500 GrossProfit 69,199 MargazineInHerbert 780 SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpenses 49,046 Wages 15,000 OperatingProfit 20,153 Freight-out 12,536 InterestExpense 660 RentExpense 4,000 OrdinaryProfit 11 19,493 Warehouse 10,230 8,300 Sales 158,550 Radio 6,000 CostOfSales 94,002 MagazineInSimon 500 GrossProfit 64,548 MargazineInHerbert 1,800 SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpenses 51,416 Wages 15,000 OperatingProfit 13,132 Freight-out 12,456 InterestExpense 1,260 RentExpense 4,000 OrdinaryProfit 11,872 Warehouse 11,660 Round 4 AdvertisingExpense 8,080 Sales 152,125 Radio 6,000 CostOfSales 91,326 MagazineInSimon 280 GrossProfit 60,799 MargazineInHerbert 1,800 SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpenses 52,690 Wages 15,000 OperatingProfit 8,109 Freight-out 12,200 InterestExpense 1,260 RentExpense 4,000 OrdinaryProfit 6,849 Warehouse 13,410 Round 5 AdvertisingExpense AdvertisingExpense 8,080 155,709 Radio 6,000 CostOfSales 101,365 MagazineInSimon 280 GrossProfit 54,344 MargazineInHerbert 1,800 SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpenses 50,408 Wages 15,000 OperatingProfit 3,936 Freight-out 12,328 InterestExpense 1,260 RentExpense 4,000 OrdinaryProfit 2,676 Warehouse 11,000 Round 6 Sales
  • 12. C) B/S and P/L through the rounds  P/L 8,700 6,000 CostOfSales 123,670 MagazineInSimon 900 Round 10 GrossProfit 62,510 MargazineInHerbert 1,800 Sales SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpenses 48,132 Wages 15,000 CostOfSales OperatingProfit 14,378 Freight-out 14,272 GrossProfit InterestExpense 1,260 RentExpense 4,000 SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense OrdinaryProfit 13,118 Warehouse 6,160 s OperatingProfit Round 8 AdvertisingExpense 6,700 InterestExpense Sales 177,480 Radio 4,000 OrdinaryProfit CostOfSales 110,969 MagazineInSimon 900 GrossProfit 66,511 MargazineInHerbert 1,800 Round 11 SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpenses 45,412 Wages 15,000 Sales OperatingProfit 21,099 Freight-out 13,792 CostOfSales InterestExpense 0 RentExpense 4,000 GrossProfit OrdinaryProfit 21,099 Warehouse 5,920 SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense s Round 9 AdvertisingExpense 4,740 Round 7 Sales Sales CostOfSales GrossProfit SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpenses OperatingProfit InterestExpense OrdinaryProfit 12 Unit: dora AdvertisingExpense 186,180 Radio 99,300 Radio 4,000 66,770 MagazineInSimon 280 32,530 MargazineInHerbert 460 36,336 Wages 15,000 -3,806 Freight-out 9,296 0 RentExpense 4,000 -3,806 Warehouse 3,300 OperatingProfit InterestExpense OrdinaryProfit AdvertisingExpense 176,240 Radio 112,783 MagazineInSimon 63,457 MargazineInHerbert 6,700 4,000 900 1,800 47,322 Wages 15,000 16,135 0 16,135 Freight-out RentExpense 14,712 4,000 6,910 Warehouse AdvertisingExpense 159,945 Radio 122,465 MagazineInSimon 37,480 MargazineInHerbert 6,080 4,000 280 1,800 49,066 Wages 15,000 -11,586 0 -11,586 Freight-out RentExpense 15,696 4,000 8,290 Warehouse
  • 13. C) B/S and P/L through the rounds  P/L  Too much warehouse cost seems to be a problem… 60,000 Time series of costs 50,000 Dora 40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000 0 Round 1 Round 2 Round 3 Round 4 Round 5 Round 6 Round 7 Round 8 Round 9 Round 10 Round 11 Radio MargazineInHerbert Wages Freight-out 13 MagazineInSimon RentExpense Warehouse InterestExpense
  • 14. D) Sales to the final round, current profit, and transition graph of surplus  Sales to the final round  The drastic fall of sales on round 9 was disaster because of lack of inventories… 200,000 180,000 159,465 160,000 147,030 134,065 140,000 Dora 120,000 100,000 155,709 158,550 152,125 186,180 177,480 176,240 159,945 99,300 80,000 60,000 40,000 20,000 0 Round Round Round Round Round Round Round Round Round Round Round 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 14
  • 15. D) Sales to the final round, current profit, and transition graph of surplus  Current profit to the final round  Current profit was really unstable  Especially round 9 and 11 was terrible 25,000 19,493 21,099 20,000 16,135 15,000 Dora 10,000 5,000 12,909 7,792 13,118 11,872 6,849 2,676 0 Round Round Round Round Round Round Round Round Round Round Round 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 -5,000 -3,806 -10,000 -15,000 15 -11,586
  • 16. D) Sales to the final round, current profit, and transition graph of surplus  Surplus to the final round  Growth rate of surplus seems to be poor, as well as the falls on round 9 and 11 160,000 136,135 124,549 123,807 120,001 140,000 120,000 102,708 Dora 100,000 80,065 80,000 86,915 89,591 68,193 60,000 48,700 40,000 35,792 20,000 0 Round Round Round Round Round Round Round Round Round Round Round 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 16
  • 17. E) Success point in management  To minimize the purchase price  Aimed to get the discount to minimize the purchase price (only in case that we had enough inventories)  To keep the price high and a bit cheaper than competitors  Aimed to get a bit much sales compared to others (only in case that we had enough inventories) Price Purchase cost/unit 95 90 90 90 90 160 140 85 Dora 90 120 80 81 77 77 81 81 145 150 150 150 150 150 145 145 150 145 145 145 150 145 149 145 145 150 77 40 70 20 65 105 80 60 75 150 130 100 77 140 simon herbert 0 Round Round Round Round Round Round Round Round Round Round Round 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 17 Round Round Round Round Round Round Round Round Round Round Round 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
  • 18. F) Reflection point in management  To control inventories on the optimal way  A lot of inventories on former half and less inventories on latter half especially in Herbert  In result, we had much warehouse cost and lost the opportunity for selling each 1800 Inventory and procurement Number of products 1600 1400 Better rounds 1200 1000 Too much inventories 800 No inventories 600 400 200 0 Round 1 Round 2 Round 3 Round 4 Round 5 Round 6 Round 7 Round 8 Round 9 Round 10 Round 11 Inventory simon 18 Inventory herbert Procurement simon Procurement herbert
  • 19. F) Reflection point in management  To control inventories on the optimal way  Misstook predicting the demand in both islands  Estimated too aggressive demand curve in both islands and that saturating condition will be coming soon  Cound not catch up with demand changes Based on last session… 12,000 Real condition… 10,000 y = -144.93x2 + 412.07x + 5676.2 R² = 0.9968 10,000 9,000 8,000 8,000 7,000 6,000 6,000 4,000 5,000 2,000 4,000 0 -2,000 y = 11.668x3 - 257.38x2 + 995.11x + 5147.5 R² = 0.9859 y = -12.14x3 + 249.72x2 - 758.69x + 881.87 R² = 0.9966 3,000 0 2 4 6 8 y = 72.143x2 + 326.54x - 145.4 R² = 0.9961 -4,000 -6,000 10 2,000 1,000 0 0 simon 19 herbert 1 2 3 4 Simon 5 6 Herbert 7 8 9 10 11
  • 20. G) Comparison and cause analysis  Comparison of sales  Inventory control is the most important  Have no a big difference even between top and low teams except for rounds having no inventories for low teams  It means that almost same price and sales amount were set in every team 250000 200000 150000 100000 50000 0 Round 1 Round 2 Round 3 Round 4 Round 5 Round 6 Round 7 Round 8 Round 9 Round Round 10 11 Team 1 Team 2 Team 3 Team 4 Team 5 Team 6 20
  • 21. G) Comparison and cause analysis  Comparison of current profit  The big difference of current profit  Top teams could keep the high current profit on average on all rounds  Current profits of low teams were not stable 40000 30000 20000 10000 0 Round 1 Round 2 Round 3 Round 4 Round 5 Round 6 Round 7 Round 8 Round 9 Round 10 Round 11 -10000 -20000 -30000 -40000 Team 1 21 Team 2 Team 3 Team 4 Team 5 Team 6
  • 22. G) Comparison and cause analysis  Comparison of surplus  Stable growth is KSF  Top teams could keep the stable growth rate of surplus because of the stable current profit 300000 250000 200000 150000 100000 50000 0 Round 1 Round 2 Round 3 Round 4 Round 5 Round 6 Round 7 Round 8 Round 9 Round 10 Round 11 Team 1 22 Team 2 Team 3 Team 4 Team 5 Team 6
  • 23. G) Comparison and cause analysis  Comparison of inventory  Inventories of top teams are significantly stable  Top teams have never lost the opportunities for selling and kept too much inventories in both islands  It is obvious that lost teams have experienced the lack of inventories on former half in Simon and on latter half in Herbert 180000 160000 Inventory assets in Simon 160000 140000 140000 Inventory assets in Herbert 60000 120000 Team 1 100000 Team 2 80000 Team 3 Team 4 60000 40000 Team 5 40000 Team 5 20000 Team 6 20000 Team 6 0 0 120000 100000 80000 23 Team 1 Team 2 Team 3 Team 4
  • 24. H) Attached material  Strategy policy  Developed the core strategy not to lose our aims in advance  This is the land mark when we see what we cannot expect  Composed of procurement and sales strategy mainly 24
  • 25. H) Attached material  Developed the simulator to monitor the change of surplus following input data ound 1 ound 2 ound 3 ound 4 ound 5 ound 6 ound 7 ound 8 ound 9 ound 10 ound 11 6,000 6,000 6,000 6,000 6,000 6,000 6,000 4,000 4,000 4,000 4,000 simon 4 4 2 2 4 4 1 1 4 1 herbert Adv. 4 4 2 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 radio magazine ound 2 ound 7 ound 8 ound 10 ound 11 150 150 150 150 150 145 145 150 140 150 dora/n 145 145 145 150 145 149 145 145 150 130 105 dora/n 1,000 850 700 600 800 600 200 200 0 0 50 n 300 350 500 200 0 600 200 1,500 1,600 1,200 1,200 n 0 0 10,000 0 0 0 -21,000 0 0 0 Loan Loans 11,000 11,000 11,000 21,000 21,000 ound 6 21,000 21,000 0 ound 9 0 100 1 145 herbert ound 5 120 1800 2 pages simon simon ound 4 780 900 pages 1 0 procurement ound 3 145 145 145 150 500 4 herbert 280 ound 1 price 145 150 150 150 140 4 herbert Product 160 460 simon dora dora 0 dora 80 12,000 y = -144.93x2 + 412.07x + 5676.2 R² = 0.9968 10,000 60 40 8,000 20 6,000 0 Ro un d Ro 1 un d Ro 2 un d Ro 3 un d 4 R Input form of advertisement, price and procurement INP 4,000 2,000 0 -2,000 Demand ound 1 ound 2 ound 7 ound 8 971 931 950 938 756 710 628 432 210 217 143 n 43 simon 67 117 157 325 441 656 792 868 1,122 1,319 Demand prediction ound 4 ound 5 ound 6 ound 9 4 5 6 7 10 5,056 4,087 2,931 1,459 -303 -2,355 -4,696 -7,328 1,468 2,420 3,241 4,411 5,675 7,084 8,637 10,334 12,176 ound 2 ound 3 ound 4 ound 5 ound 6 ound 7 ound 8 ound 9 ound 10 ound 11 6,090 6,001 5,900 5,740 5,340 4,780 3,400 2,330 1,630 1,201 1,104 248 400 690 900 1,820 2,556 3,678 4,600 5,602 6,013 6,100 ound 1 ound 2 ound 3 ound 4 ound 5 ound 6 ound 7 ound 8 ound 9 ound 10 ound 11 Herbert 3 4 5 y= 6 7 8 9 10 72.143x2 + 326.54x - 145.4 R² = 0.9961 -6,000 simon herbert y = 11.668x3 - 257.38x2 + 995.11x + 5147.5 R² = 0.98592 10,000 7,000 9,000 6,000 8,000 6,090 6,001 5,900 7,000 5,000 6,000 4,000 5,000 Inverntory ound -1 Inventory simon 29 0 50 0 0 0 172 340 330 313 170 n 0 257 790 973 1,166 1,341 1,100 444 252 0 378 659 n ound 1 ales 4,000 500 herbert Inventory monitor 2 11 5,615 712 ound 1 imon 3 5,861 298 herbert 2 5,972 simon 9 ound 11 1 total_prediction 8 ound 10 1 n herbert ound 3 0 -4,000 ound 2 971 43 simon herbert 829 67 ound 3 950 117 ound 4 900 157 ound 5 700 325 ound 6 ound 7 600 441 628 656 ound 8 432 792 ound 9 210 452 ound 10 217 1,122 y = -12.14x3 + 249.72x2 - 758.69x + 881.87 R² = 0.99656 2,000 2,000 1,000 ound 11 143 1,319 n n 1 147030 Cash-in ales Account eceivable Loan Cash-out Pay AccountPayable Cash flow monitor Adv. 134065 152125 155709 186180 177480 99300 5 Simon 7 9 Herbert 11 159465 158550 176240 159945 ound 2 ound 3 ound 4 ound 5 ound 6 ound 7 ound 8 ound 9 ound 10 ound 11 89,550 33,446 20,659 8,513 16,878 10,423 23,470 66,070 80,978 110,854 97,161 88,218 80,439 95,679 95,130 91,275 93,425 111,708 106,488 59,580 105,744 95,967 0 dora 59,700 58,812 53,626 63,786 63,420 60,850 62,284 74,472 70,992 39,720 70,496 63,978 dora Cash-in AccountReceivable 60,000 79,863 dora 0 0 0 10,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 dora 57,400 81,970 76,615 75,040 75,040 57,400 57,400 75,040 32,200 98,035 92,680 75,040 dora 105,250 24,600 35,130 32,835 32,160 32,160 24,600 24,600 32,160 13,800 42,015 39,720 dora 140,000 0 120,000 Cash-out Adv. Round 1 Round 2 Round 3 Round 4 Round 5 6,740 7,280 8,300 8,080 8,080 8,700 6,700 4,740 6,700 6,080 15,000 15,000 15,000 15,000 15,000 15,000 15,000 15,000 15,000 15,000 15,000 dora Freight 12,112 11,168 12,536 12,456 12,200 12,328 14,272 13,792 9,296 14,712 15,696 4,000 dora ent 4,000 4,000 4,000 4,000 4,000 4,000 4,000 4,000 4,000 4,000 4,000 4,000 dora 80,000 Debtor AccountReceivable 2,860 7,900 10,230 11,660 13,410 11,000 6,160 5,920 3,300 6,910 8,290 0 dora 60,000 Debtor Inventory 660 660 660 1,260 1,260 1,260 1,260 0 0 0 0 0 dora 40,000 Creditor AccountPayable epay 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 21,000 0 0 0 33,446 20,659 8,513 16,878 10,423 23,470 66,070 80,978 110,854 97,161 79,863 dora Cash-out AccountPayable 20,000 6,740 CahInHand #N/A Cash-out Pay 40,000 15,000 Interest 0 dora #N/A dora 100,000 Debtor Cash Creditor Borrowings 20,000 0 Round Round Round Round Round 1 2 3 4 5 urplus B/S and surplus monitor ound 3 ound 4 ound 5 ound 6 ound 7 ound 8 ound 10 ound 11 20,659 8,513 16,878 10,423 23,470 66,070 80,978 110,854 97,161 79,863 58,812 53,626 63,786 63,420 60,850 62,284 74,472 70,992 39,720 70,496 63,978 Inventory Land Creditor AccountPayable Borrowings Capital urplus 25 ound 2 33,446 ound 9 29,315 66,078 86,129 104,163 119,796 112,750 63,140 52,885 37,950 56,926 68,600 650,000 650,000 650,000 650,000 650,000 650,000 650,000 650,000 650,000 650,000 650,000 24,600 35,130 32,835 32,160 32,160 24,600 24,600 32,160 13,800 42,015 39,720 11,000 11,000 11,000 21,000 21,000 21,000 21,000 0 0 0 0 700,000 700,000 700,000 700,000 700,000 700,000 700,000 700,000 700,000 700,000 700,000 35,973 44,233 64,593 81,301 87,909 102,904 108,082 122,695 124,724 132,568 122,721 124,724 122,695 132,568 140,000 108,082 102,904 120,000 87,909 81,301 100,000 64,593 80,000 44,233 60,000 35,973 40,000 20,000 0 Ro un d Ro 1 un d Ro 2 un d Ro 3 un d Ro 4 un d Ro 5 un d Ro 6 un d Ro 7 un d Ro 8 un Ro d 9 un d 10 ound 1 Cash Account eceivable Debtor 2 Cash-in Sales Wages Warehouse 400 690 0 80,000 ound 1 BeginningCash 3 248 1 1,000 120,000 0 -1 100,000 Cash-Flow 3,000 3,000 3