The Rotterdam Capture and Storage Demonstration Project (ROAD) has completed a report for the Global CCS Institute to investigate issues surrounding CCS operation under different operating conditions, including start-up, shutdown and emergencies. Various strategies have been developed to provide robust, safe, and efficient operating solutions at different focal points along the CO2 chain, including the compression unit, the transport, and the injection platform. At this webinar, Jan Uilenreef, Project Manager Transport & Storage, ROAD | Maasvlakte CCS Project C.V., presetned the findings about the CCS CO2 chain operation based on the practice of ROAD, as well as some recommendations for future CCS projects operation.

1. From compressor to reservoir – Flow assurance
and control philosophy for CCS CO2 operation
Webinar – 15 April 2014, 1700 AEDT

2. Jan Uilenreef
Jan Uilenreef is Project Manager with an excellent
understanding of and long experience with process
engineering of industrial plants, and project
management of a variety of natural gas and CO2
pipelines and CO2 installations.
Since November 2010 he is responsible for the design
and engineering of the 16” CO2 pipeline that connects
the Road Capture Plant with the TAQA platform on top
of the P18-A exhausted gas field.
He was previously responsible for several new build
projects, most notably the design, engineering and construction of the OCAP
CO2 pipeline in the Netherlands and the design engineering, construction and
operation of the WarmCO2 facilities to deliver CO2 and waste heat to the
greenhouse area in Terneuzen in the Netherlands. Jan has over 40 years of
experience in the industry, including design and project development.

3. Dr Andy Read
Andy Read is a Project Manager with an excellent
understanding of power plant technology and the electricity
markets with the associated commercial constraints. For the
last five years, he has focused on CCS project development
leading projects at Killingholme and Kingsnorth in the UK, and
now as Capture Director for the E.ON / GDF SUEZ joint venture
at Maasvlakte, Netherlands (ROAD Project).
He has previously worked on several new build projects, most
notably the early development of the 1275MW Grain CHP plant,
and acted as interface between commercial functions (such as
Strategy and Trading) and the power plant asset managers.
Andy has 20 years of experience in the power industry, including
design and operation of supercritical coal power plant,
combustion technology and a stint on an operating coal-fired
power station.
In Andy’s current role, he is one of four directors responsible for the ROAD Project – a
250MW CCS demonstration in Rotterdam, due to be in commercial operation by 2015. He
has responsibility for the engineering, design and construction of the Capture Plant
including the interfaces with E.ON’s MPP3 Power Plant (the host for the CCS
demonstration)

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5. Flow Assurance & Control Philosophy
Jan Uilenreef, Project manager Transport & Storage
Webinar Global CCS Institute, 15 April 2014

6. Page 6
Agenda
• Project Overview
• Pipeline Routing (onshore/offshore)
• Process Chain: from stack to well
• Control Philosophy/Flow Assurance
• Research Recommendations
6

7. Page 7
Agenda
• Project Overview
• Pipeline Routing (onshore/offshore)
• Process Chain: from stack to well
• Control Philosophy/Flow Assurance
• Research Recommendations
7

8. Page 8
CO2 Streams
Impurities of CO2 mixture
N2 02 H2O Acetaldehyde Ar
350 ppmv 50 ppmw 50 ppmv 10 ppmv 7 ppmv

9. Page 9
Location of ROAD Project
Port of Rotterdam and North Sea
Shipping lane
crossing
Harbour
crossing
25 km
P18-A
TAQA

10. Page 10
Location of Capture Plant: Maasvlakte Power Plant 3

11. Page 11
Agenda
• Project Overview
• Pipeline Routing (onshore/offshore)
• Process Chain: from stack to well
• Control Philosophy/Flow Assurance
• Research Recommendations
11

12. Page 12
Design data of Road CO2-Pipeline
• Diameter : 16 ” (400 mm)
• Mechanical Design Pressure : 140 bar ga
• Mechanical Design Temperature : -10 to 90o C
• Wall thickness (approx.) : 20 mm
• Soil cover minimum : 1 m
• Insulation onshore (PUR/PE) : 50 mm
• Insulation offshore (PUR/PE) : 30 mm
• Horizontal Directional Drillings (HDD) : 2
• HDD system/steel-in-steel : 24/16 ”
• HDD insulation : vacuum
• HDD depth Yangtze Harbor : -39 m NAP (Dutch Reference level)
• HDD depth Maasgeul : -38 m NAP

13. Page 13
Pipeline Routing

14. Page 14
Onshore Pipeline Route

15. Page 15
Layout of Expansion Loop

16. Page 16
The Maasgeul Crossing

17. Page 17
P18 Well Locations
P18-04A2

18. Page 18
Final Well Design
Tail Pipe

19. Page 19
Agenda
• Project Overview
• Pipeline Routing (onshore/offshore)
• Process Chain: from stack to well
• Control Philosophy/Flow Assurance
• Research Recommendations
19

21. Page 21
Basic Control Flow Chart
PC
3
PC
1
FC
1
D-1
CO2 stripper
OVHD
Accumulator
C-1
CO2 Product
Compressor
E-1
CO2
Compressor
Discharge
Cooler
Inlet Guide
Vanes
CW
From
CO2
Stripper
OVHD
25 km
CO2 Pipeline
Minimum Flow Bypass
Reservoir
M
CV 2
CV 1 CV 3
Basic Control Flowchart CO2 Compression, Transport & Storage
To CO2
Absorber
TC
1
Platform
PC
2

22. Page 22
Typical Compressor Performance Curve

23. Page 23
Expected Operating Modes
The operation of the capture plant is very dependent on the operation of the power
plant as the power plant feeds directly into the capture plant and the transport and
storage system:
• The capture plant and the transport and storage operation should follow the
operation of the power plant, as there is no intermediate CO2 buffer
• The design of the transport and storage equipment and controls should take into
account the normal and emergency start-ups and shutdowns both of the power
plant and also the transport and storage system alone
In all cases of normal operation, startup and shutdowns the transport system has to
cope with safe and sound operation.

24. Page 24
Gravity and Friction Forces CO2 Stream

25. Page 25
Temperatures At Well As Function of Flow Rates

26. Page 26
Minimum Operating Temperature At Pipeline Inlet
Reservoir Pressure [bara]
PipelineInletTemperature[°C]
Limitation by mixed flow (no platform valve)
Limitation by min. downholeTemp (with platform valve)
Pipeline 16", 25 km
DT 80 °C, DP 140

29. Page 29
Mollier Diagram of CO2
4°C
40°C 80°C
Operating Envelope
4°C

30. Page 30
Pressure-Temperature Relation for CO2

31. Page 31
Temperature Along Pipeline Length
Temperature drop
across tail pipe
near bottom of
well

32. Page 32
Pressure Along Pipeline Length
Pressure drop
across tail pipe
near bottom of
well

33. Page 33
Pipeline Content After Cool-down Of Full Pipeline

35. Page 35
Planned Start-up After Planned Shutdown
Open PCV at
pressure slightly
above wellhead
Monitor
temperature at
wellhead (>-10oC)
and tailend (>+15oC)
Increase flow to
maximum values
after all slugs have
passed
Well-head pressure
< 40 bar
Well-head pressure
> 40 bar
Pipeline should stay
in gase phase
Pressurize pipeline
to pressure slight
above well-head
pressure. Pipeline
will contain liquid
Compress pipeline
with hot gas

36. Page 36
Planned Shutdown
Empty pipeline into
the well with closed
compressor
discharge valve
Close PCV before
backflow from well
may occur
Heat pipeline
content to max.
temperature (80oC)

37. Page 37
Planned Start-up
After Non-planned Shutdown by Platform Operation
Short repair time
expected
Long repair time is
expected
Continue to fill
pipeline with hot
CO2
Shutdown of
Capture Plant
Pipeline cannot be
emptied into the
well
After repair, restart
operation of pipeline
at low flow, speed
up after slugs are
passed
Cooldown the
pipeline content
After repair, restore
operation following
Normal start-up

38. Page 38
Planned Shutdown
After Emergency Shutdown by Capture Plant Operation
Shutdown of com-
pressor discharge
valve before heating
of pipeline content
Pipeline may contain
more CO2 and
cooldown may take
longer
Pipeline may contain
large amount of
liquid after cool-
down
Monitor flow and
temperatures at tail
end to avoid
vibrations

39. Page 39
Agenda
• Project Overview
• Pipeline Routing (onshore/offshore)
• Process Chain: from stack to well
• Control Philosophy/Flow Assurance
• Research Recommendations
39

40. Page 40
Research Recommendations
• It is recommended to further investigate the possibility that the CO2 can
be injected without any heating, making sure that the slugs can be
handled in the well piping
• A positive outcome will result in the possibility to transport CO2 to low
pressure field over larger distances and in pipelines without insulation

41. QUESTIONS / DISCUSSION
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42. Please submit any feedback to: webinar@globalccsinstitute.com
Full report available: http://www.globalccsinstitute.com/publications/road-
project-flow-assurance-and-control-philosophy