IN-MEMORY DATABASE SYSTEMS.SAP HANA DATABASE.

1. IN-MEMORY DATABASE SYSTEMS
FOR BIG DATA MANAGEMENT.
SAP HANA DATABASE
PRESENTED BY : GEORGE JOSEPH
S7 CS ALPHA
ROLL NO-39
RSET , KERALA.

2. AGENDA
.ball
•Revisiting Traditional RDBMS
•Defining IMDB
•A look at a few IMDB products in the market
•SAP HANA database in detail

3. What is a database ?
.ball
•An organised collection of information
•Allows reading and writing .
•Provides authorisation and authentication.
•Provides some level of data safety.

4. Traditional RDBMS
.ball
•Developed by E F Codd in early 1970s
•This model is based on tables rows and columns
and the manipulation of data stored within.
•A Relational DB is the collection of all these table
•Example: Oracle, mysql & microsoft access

5. What is a database ?
.ball
•An organised collection of information
•Allows reading and writing .
•Provides authorisation and authentication.
•Provides some level of data safety.

6. Data store for typical RDBMS
.ball
•Data resides on disk.
•Data maybe cached into memory for access.

7. PROBLEM
.ball
• Existing disk-based systems can no longer offer
timely response due to the high access latency to
hard disks
•The unacceptable performance an obstacle for a
meaningful real-time service.
•Eg :Real-time bidding, advertising, social gaming,
Stock market .

8. “Memory is the new disk, disk is the new tape”
Jim Gray
Data scientist
Creator IBM system R
.ball

9. © 2013 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 9Public
Hardware Advances: Moore’s Law - DRAM Pricing
1980: Memory $10,000/MB
2000: Memory $1/MB
2013: Memory $0.004/MB
Time
Memory
Cost /
Speed
gdfgfgfgh ss

10. © 2013 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 10Public
Hardware Advances: Moore‘s Law - CPUs
2002
1 core
32 bits
4MB
2007
2 cores
2 CPUs per server
External Controllers
8 cores -16 threads / CPU
4 CPUs per server
On-chip memory control
Quick interconnect
VM and vector support
64 bits; 256 GB - 1 TB
2010
More cores, bigger caches
16 ... 64 CPUs per server
Greater on-chip integration
(PCIe, network, ...)
Data-direct I/O
Tens of TBs
2013
Images: Intel, Danilo Rizzuti / FreeDigitalPhotos.net
ball cold

11. IN-MEMORY DATABASE SYSTEMS
.ball
•For in-memory DB ,Data resides permanently on main memory.
•Source data is loaded into system memory in a compressed,
non-relational format
•Only backup copy on disk.
•Memory optimised data structures are used

12. Disk VS Memory
.ball
•Order of magnitude of access time is less for main memory.
•Main memory is normally volatile while disk storage is not.
•The layout of disk is much more critical than layout of main
memory

13. MMDB PRODUCTS AVAILABLE
.ball

14. .ball

15. .ball
•SAP HANA is the market leader in IMDB systems. It is also a platform
for big data processing analysis and prediction.
•SAP HANA can help business for building real-time applications and
analytics for accelerating the process

16. © 2013 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 16Public
In-Memory
Column
Database
Massively
Parallel
Processing
Optimized
Calculation
Engine
Columnar storage increases the
amount of data that can be
stored in limited memory
(compared to disk)
Column databases enable
easier parallelization of
queries
Row buffer fast
transactional processing
In-memory
processing gives
more time for
relatively slow
updates to column
data
In-memory allows
sophisticated
calculations in real-time
MPP optimized software
enables linear performance
scaling making sophisticated
calculations like allocations
possible
Each technology works well on its own, but combining them all is the real
opportunity — provides all of the upside benefits while mitigating the downsides
SAP in-memory innovations
make the “New Way” a reality
s

17. © 2013 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 17Public
Order Country Product Sales
456 France corn 1000
457 Italy wheat 900
458 Italy corn 600
459 Spain rice 800
SAP HANA: Column Store
456 France corn 1000
457 Italy wheat 900
458 Italy corn 600
459 Spain rice 800
456
457
458
459
France
Italy
Italy
Spain
corn
wheat
corn
rice
1000
900
600
800
Typical Database
SAP HANA: column order
SELECT Country, SUM(sales) FROM SalesOrders
WHERE Product = ‘corn’
GROUP BY Country

s

18. © 2013 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 18Public
SAP HANA: Data Compression
 Efficient compression methods (dictionary, run length, cluster, prefix, etc.)
 Compression works well with columns and can speedup operations on
columns (~ factor 10)
 Because of compression, write changes into less compressed delta storage
 Needs to be merged into columns from time to time or when a certain size is exceeded
 Delta merge can be done in background
 Trade-off between compression ratio and delta merge runtime
 Updates into delta data storage and periodically merged into main data storage
 High write performance not affected by compression
 Data is written to delta storage with less compression which is optimized for write access. This is
merged into the main area of the column store later on.

19. © 2013 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 19Public
SAP HANA: Dictionary Compression
Jones
Miller
Millman
Zsuwalski
Baker
Miller
John
Miller
Johnson
Jones
Column „Name“
(uncompressed)
Value-ID sequence
One element for each row in column
4
1
5
N
0
4
2
4
3
1
ValueIDs
Johnson
Miller
John
Jones
0
1
2
3
4
Millman
ZsuwalskiN
Dictionary
sorted
Value ID implicitly given
by sequence in which
values are stored
Value
Baker
5
Column „Name“ (dictionary compressed)
point into
dictionary
s

20. © 2013 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 20Public
SAP HANA: Scalability
Scales from very small servers to very large clusters
Single Server
• 2 CPU 128GB to 8 CPU 1TB
Scale Out Cluster
• 2 to n servers per cluster
• Largest certified configuration: 16 servers
• Largest tested configuration: 100+
servers
• Support for high availability
and disaster tolerance
Cloud Deployment
s

21. © 2013 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 21Public
What is inside HANA?
ACID Compliant
Database
- In-Memory
- Column Store
Out
In
SQL
BICS
MDX
JSON /
XML
Data
Services
HANA
Studio
Parallel
Execution
Scripting
Engine
Business
Function
Library
Unstructured
(Text)
Predictive
Analysis
Library
OLAP
XS App
Server
“R” HS
Integration
1. Batch Transfer
2. SAP & Non-SAP
3. Extensive Transformations
4. Structured & Unstructured
5. Hadoop Integration
1. ODBC / JDBC
2. 3rd Party Apps
3. 3rd Party Tools
1. BICS
2. NetWeaver BW
3. SAP BOBJ
1. ODBO
2. MS Excel
3. 3rd Party OLAP Tools
1. HTTP
2. RESTful services
3. OData Compliant
“R”
ESP
Spatial /
Geospatial
Query
Federation
1. IQ / ASE
2. Teradata / Oracle
3. Hadoop
Replication
Services 1. Near Real Time
2. Non-SAP
s

22. .ball
•In-Memory Big Data Management and Processing:
By Hao Zhang, Gang Chen, Member, IEEE, Beng Chin Ooi, Fellow, IEEE,
Kian-Lee Tan, Member, IEEE, and Meihui Zhang, Member, IEEE
•SAP HANA Distributed In-Memory Database
System: Transaction, Session, and Metadata Management
Juchang Lee#1, Yong Sik Kwon#2, Franz Färber*3, Michael Muehle*4, Chulwon
SAP Labs, Korea
•In-memory database
www.wikipedia.org
REFERENCES

23. .ball