1. How to Get the Most Out of
Plugging In
Lessons from early adopters to make electric
vehicles work for your fleet
LIVE WEBINAR
2pm EDT April 16, 2013

2. Command Center
45min Presentation
15min Q&A
Audio Options:
- Use headset
- Call: 1 (647) 497-9386
- Access #: 594-436-462
Poll Questions:
- Don’t close window = you’ll
exit the webinar
Technical Questions:
- Message Megan
How to get the most out of plugging in
Lessons from early adopters to make electric vehicles work for your fleet

3. In the next 45 minutes you will know…
Prospective EV Owners:
How to evaluate the EV market and determine which plug-in vehicles
are best for the jobs in your fleet
Current EV Owners:
How you can get the most out of your investments in EVs to:
(a) Reduce the payback period on electric vehicle price premiums
(b) Begin realizing larger financial savings sooner for your
organization
The answer to both can be found in real-world data.
How to get the most out of plugging in
Lessons from early adopters to make electric vehicles work for your fleet

4. Speakers – Who are we?
Matt Stevens
CEO, CrossChasm Technologies
Helping industry design hybrid and electric vehicles since 2004.
Helping fleets since 2007.
PhD in Chemical Engineering.
Chair of Electric Mobility Canada.
Eric Mallia
General Manager, FleetCarma
Helps fleet managers evaluate and manage new vehicles technologies.
Masters in Environment Science.
Bachelors in Business Administration.
Published author in energy management issues.
Megan Allen
Vehicle Technology Analyst, FleetCarma
Research in diesel emissions clean-up technology.
Expertise in electric vehicle modeling & simulation.
Bachelors in Chemical Engineering.
How to get the most out of plugging in
Lessons from early adopters to make electric vehicles work for your fleet

5. What do we do?
Hybrid & Electric Vehicles: Energy & Emissions Made Easy. Car-Buying, Based on You.
Faster, Better, Cheaper Save dollars, gallons, and tons. Save dollars, gallons, and tons.
Model-based design Products for vehicle selection and Dealership product for customer
services & prototyping for monitoring: FleetCarma TCO and engagement and conversion.
vehicle manufacturers. Energy & Emissions Reporting. Decision-support for consumers.
How to get the most out of plugging in
Lessons from early adopters to make electric vehicles work for your fleet

6. Webinar agenda
Part 1 – Case studies of fleet EV utilization
Part 2 – Real-world utilization profiles of fleets
Part 3 – The financial impacts of better fleet EV utilization
Part 4 – Lessons and tips from the early adopters
How to get the most out of plugging in
Lessons from early adopters to make electric vehicles work for your fleet

7. How about you?
Lets quickly understand a bit more about you.
We have three quick questions for you.
This will give us a bit of background on your interests and EV experience.
Please use the Go-To-Webinar controls to respond.
How to get the most out of plugging in
Lessons from early adopters to make electric vehicles work for your fleet

8. Topics in this webinar
Q1: Which part of this webinar are you most interested in?
I want to learn more about:
A. The real-world case studies of other fleet operators using plug-in vehicles
B. Comparisons of gasoline-powered vehicles to plug-in electric vehicles
C. How to reduce the payback periods on the current price premiums of EVs
D. Tips from early adopters on how to get the most out of their fleet EV
How to get the most out of plugging in
Lessons from early adopters to make electric vehicles work for your fleet

9. EVs in your fleet?
Q2: Plug-In Electric Vehicle (PEV) Status
Which of the following best describes your status with plug-in vehicles?
A. EVs are at least 1 year away.
B. Within the next year we will have plug-in vehicles.
C. Have EVs operating – not data logging.
D. Have EVs operating – already data logging.
E. Cheering from the sidelines.
How to get the most out of plugging in
Lessons from early adopters to make electric vehicles work for your fleet

10. The EV Utilization Challenge?
Q3: What do you think is the biggest challenge to effectively
integrating plug-in electric vehicle into a fleet’s portfolio?
A. Convincing drivers to use electric vehicles
B. Ensuring electric vehicles have enough driving range to do the job
C. Finding ways to save money with electric vehicles
D. Managing charging times to make sure the vehicles are available when needed
E. Justifying the investment to senior managers
How to get the most out of plugging in
Lessons from early adopters to make electric vehicles work for your fleet

11. Part 4 of the FleetCarma webinar series
(1) EVs in Cold Weather (2) EVs in Hot Weather
Free
recorded
webinars
(3) EV Impact on the Grid (4) EV Fleet Utilization
Available online at: www.fleetcarma.com/en/Resources/Webinars
How to get the most out of plugging in
Lessons from early adopters to make electric vehicles work for your fleet

12. Conventional vehicles require conventional wisdom.
EVs require EV wisdom

13. Part 1
Case Studies of the Early Adopters

14. One system for monitoring multiple vehicle types
Fleet operators clip a small, easy-to-install data logger into the diagnostics port of
their plug-in vehicles.
How to get the most out of plugging in
Lessons from early adopters to make electric vehicles work for your fleet

15. A great example of maximizing EV utilization
Real-World Results:
• 63 kilometres per day
• 1.7 L / 100kmeq (137 MPGe)
• 84% energy reduction
• 60% GHG reduction
• Cost per 100 km: $2.73
Engineering firm in Nova Scotia
How to get the most out of plugging in
Lessons from early adopters to make electric vehicles work for your fleet

16. Example of effective opportunity charging
Day-by-Day Reporting on:
• Electric driving range
• Potential distance
• Actually driven
• Benefit of opportunity
charging throughout the day 176km
(light blue)
• Impact of weather change 245km
• Impact of HVAC loads
• Impact of eco-driving
How to get the most out of plugging in
Lessons from early adopters to make electric vehicles work for your fleet

17. What about the Plug-In Hybrids?
Real-World Results:
• 41 miles travelled per day (average)
• 49% of miles driven on electric power
• 57 MPGe (25% of driving time at idle)
• 26% fuel cost savings
• 34% reduction in GHG emissions
How to get the most out of plugging in
Lessons from early adopters to make electric vehicles work for your fleet

18. Only charging during the day-time
How to get the most out of plugging in
Lessons from early adopters to make electric vehicles work for your fleet

19. Exportable to Excel – detailed charging logs and trip logs
• Log the
time of
charge
events
• Track the
costs and
savings
• Analyze
individual
trip details Easily track and expense charging at home to enable
increased electric utilization of plug-in hybrids
How to get the most out of plugging in
Lessons from early adopters to make electric vehicles work for your fleet

20. Part 2
Real-world profiles of fleet EVs

21. Comparing fleet utilization by vehicle type
How does light-duty fleet vehicle utilization of
compare between:
– Internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles,
– Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs), and
– Plug-in Hybrids (PHEVs)?
How much utilization do these vehicle types see
each day?
– Utilization defined by daily distance travelled
How to get the most out of plugging in
Lessons from early adopters to make electric vehicles work for your fleet

22. ICE Vehicles: Utilization as Average Daily Distance
20%
Sample size = 3,686 Most common utilization range:
18%
40 – 50 km/day
16%
Average distance for ICE fleet vehicles:
% of Fleet ICE Vehicles
14%
63 km/day
12%
10% % of vehicles with less 60 KMs per day:
8%
56%
6%
4%
2%
0%
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200
Daily Distance Travelled (km)
How to get the most out of plugging in
Lessons from early adopters to make electric vehicles work for your fleet

23. BEV: Utilization as Average Daily Distance
20%
Sample size = 3,488 Most common utilization range:
18%
30 – 40 km/day
16%
Average distance for BEV fleet vehicles:
14%
36 km/day
% of Fleet BEVs
12%
10%
% of vehicles with less 60 KMs per day:
8%
69%
6%
4%
2%
0%
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200
Daily Distance Travelled (km)
How to get the most out of plugging in
Lessons from early adopters to make electric vehicles work for your fleet

24. PHEV: Utilization as Average Daily Distance
20%
Sample size = 2,015 Most common utilization range:
18%
50 – 60 km/day
16%
Average distance for PHEV fleet vehicles:
14%
77 km/day
% of Fleet PHEVs
12%
10% % of vehicles with less 60 KMs per day:
8% 48%
6%
4%
2%
0%
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200
Daily Distance Travelled (km)
How to get the most out of plugging in
Lessons from early adopters to make electric vehicles work for your fleet

25. Summary of real-world vehicle utilization profiles
Average Daily Distance % of Days > 60 km (37 mi)
ICE 63 km 44%
(39 miles)
BEV 36 km 31%
(22 miles)
PHEV 77 km 52%
(48 miles)
How to get the most out of plugging in
Lessons from early adopters to make electric vehicles work for your fleet

26. How far are battery electric vehicles (BEVs) travelling?
Can a BEV go more than:
80 km/day?
Yes. We’ve seen it… 465 times
What would impact a BEV’s
100 km/day? daily driving range:
• Duty cycle
Yes. We’ve seen it… 215 times • Climate
• Storage
• Preconditioning
• HVAC usage
120 km/day? • Driver behavior
Yes. We’ve seen it… 83 times • Opportunity charging
How to get the most out of plugging in
Lessons from early adopters to make electric vehicles work for your fleet

27. BEV: Utilization as Average Daily Distance
20%
Sample size = 3,488
18% Goal Range limit
16%
14%
% of Fleet BEVs
12%
10%
8%
6%
4%
2%
0%
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200
Daily Distance Travelled (km)
How to get the most out of plugging in
Lessons from early adopters to make electric vehicles work for your fleet

28. The EV utilization challenge for fleet operators
Battery Electric Vehicles (BEV) Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles
need to: (PHEV) need to:
• Be range capable for their • Maximize their electric
fleet application, while driving as a proportion of
keeping the vehicle total utilization
utilization up
How to get the most out of plugging in
Lessons from early adopters to make electric vehicles work for your fleet

29. Part 3
The impact of better EV utilization

30. Assessing the financial benefits of EV utilization
• What do these utilization profiles mean for your
payback period on the EV price premium?
• Let’s assume:
– $9,000-$10,000 initial price premium on EV
– $5,000-$7,500 incentive
• With increased utilization how much sooner can
we get that money back and start saving?
How to get the most out of plugging in
Lessons from early adopters to make electric vehicles work for your fleet

31. How does daily utilization affect payback period?
Battery Electric Vehicles: Actual
Average Daily
Payback
How does the average daily distance travelled Utilization
Period
affect the payback period of a battery electric km (mi)
(years)
vehicle (BEV)?
20 (12) 4.7
30 (19) 3.1
Average BEV Utilization: 36 km/day
40 (25) 2.4
50 (31) 2.0
Assumed plug-in premium of ~$10,000 60 (37) 1.6
Assumed incentive: $7,500 70 (43) 1.3
80 (50) 1.2
Baseline vehicle = 9.6L/100km (24 MPG)
90 (56) 1.0
Average payback period: 2.6 years 100 (62) 0.9
SAMPLE
How to get the most out of plugging in
Lessons from early adopters to make electric vehicles work for your fleet

32. How does Daily Utilization Affect Payback Period?
Plug-in Hybrid Vehicles:
EV Fraction How does the average daily
distance travelled affect the
Actual Best-Case payback period of a plug-in
Average Daily
Payback Payback hybrid (PHEV)?
Utilization
Period Period
km (mi)
(years) (years) Assumed plug-in premium of
20 (12) 11.8 7.4 ~$9,000
30 (19) 7.9 4.9 Assumed incentive: $5,000
40 (25) 5.9 3.7
Daily
Baseline vehicle = 9.6L/100km
50 (31) 4.7 2.9 (24 MPG)
Distance
60 (37) 3.9 2.5
70 (43) 3.4 2.1 Average FleetCarma PHEV
80 (50) 2.9 1.8 Utilization: 77 km/day
90 (56) 2.6 1.6
Average payback period: 3.1
100 (62) 2.4 1.5 years
SAMPLE
How to get the most out of plugging in
Lessons from early adopters to make electric vehicles work for your fleet

33. Part 4
Lessons and tips from the early
adopters of EVs in the fleet industry

34. Lessons from vehicle pools and car sharing fleet operators
EV priority when Selecting the best
making reservations vehicle for the job
in the vehicle pool that day
Ensure drivers plug-in
when done
Drivers have been confused
and overwhelmed, but found
training & orientation helpful
How to get the most out of plugging in
Lessons from early adopters to make electric vehicles work for your fleet

35. Connecting electric vehicles to mobile apps
Vehicle 466 – Ford Focus EV
Returned at 63% SOC
Charging complete @ 5:15pm
Can open earlier time spot
Vehicle 538 - Nissan Leaf
Returned but not charging.
Not-Plugged Alert
How to get the most out of plugging in
Lessons from early adopters to make electric vehicles work for your fleet

36. Store EV in a garage, if possible
Storing underground or in a covered garage can help keep the vehicle
running more efficiently in cold and hot days throughout the year
How to get the most out of plugging in
Lessons from early adopters to make electric vehicles work for your fleet

37. Store EV in a garage, if possible
How much daily range is gained by reducing the heating
and air conditioning loads on the battery
How to get the most out of plugging in
Lessons from early adopters to make electric vehicles work for your fleet

38. Enable charging at home
Implementing technology to enable the
reimbursement of home charging will increase
electric driving range
How to get the most out of plugging in
Lessons from early adopters to make electric vehicles work for your fleet

39. Set EV utilization goals
Goals for starting out with EVs:
BEVs:
• Average daily distance
• Annual utilization
PHEVs:
• % of distance on electric
Goals for advanced EV management:
• % of charging done off-peak
• Range benefits of opportunity
charging each month
• Eco-driving scores
• Average starting SOC for the day
• Average ending SOC for the day
How to get the most out of plugging in
Lessons from early adopters to make electric vehicles work for your fleet

40. Software for EV assessments before you buy
Data logger FleetCarma provides fleets with a system to collect data on their existing
vehicles to assess the suitability of plug-in vehicles in their fleet portfolio
Baseline vehicle
SAMPLE SHOWN
Simulated
results of
plug-in
vehicles
How to get the most out of plugging in
Lessons from early adopters to make electric vehicles work for your fleet

41. EV Utilization: Continuous Improvement
EV Initiatives:
Matching EV to Duty Cycle
Driver Training
EV First Policy in the Pool
Utilization Goal-Setting
Evaluate: Measurement:
Track the success of
Should I do more of
your EV programs and
the same or try
their key success
something new?
factors
How to get the most out of plugging in
Lessons from early adopters to make electric vehicles work for your fleet

42. Conclusions
1. There are two distinct EV utilization challenges for
fleet operators.
BEVs need to: PHEV need to:
Be range capable for their fleet Maximize their electric driving as a
application, while keeping the vehicle proportion of total utilization
utilization up
How to get the most out of plugging in
Lessons from early adopters to make electric vehicles work for your fleet

43. Conclusions
2. BEVs are currently being under-utilized by fleets and
risk not being financially beneficial in the long run.
How to get the most out of plugging in
Lessons from early adopters to make electric vehicles work for your fleet

44. Conclusions
3. Successful early adopter fleets are maximizing EV
savings by:
Finding the best applications in the fleet Setting EV utilization goals and
portfolio to maximize EV utilization implementing fleet policies, programs
and technology to attain them
How to get the most out of plugging in
Lessons from early adopters to make electric vehicles work for your fleet

45. Check out our free resources:
EVs in Cold Weather EVs in Hot Weather Charging Behavior
Free
recorded
webinars
Light-duty vehicles Heavy-duty vehicles Simulation for Fleets
Free
eBooks
on these
topics
Visit our free resource center online at:
www.fleetcarma.com/en/Resources
How to get the most out of plugging in
Lessons from early adopters to make electric vehicles work for your fleet

46. FleetCarma C5 data logger
Customized Reports
Manual
USB upload
(released: March 2012)
Cellular
automatic upload
(released: Dec 2012)
Wi-Fi
automatic upload
(released: Jan 2013)
Bluetooth to
smartphone or EVSE
(in development)
How to get the most out of plugging in
Lessons from early adopters to make electric vehicles work for your fleet

47. FleetCarma’s Free Charging Locator – Mobile App
• 10 months old
• over 3000 users
• In-app corrections
and feedback
• Real-time status of 4,862 stations (8,428 charging heads)
• Also available on iPhone
How to get the most out of plugging in
Lessons from early adopters to make electric vehicles work for your fleet

48. FleetCarma’s EV Champion Challenge
Participant Blog
www.fleetcarma.com/Programs/ev-challenge
How to get the most out of plugging in
Lessons from early adopters to make electric vehicles work for your fleet

49. Thank you to our partners and clients
How to get the most out of plugging in
Lessons from early adopters to make electric vehicles work for your fleet

50. Matt Stevens
The Vehicle Nerds
mstevens@fleetcarma.com Megan Allen
mallen@fleetcarma.com
Eric Mallia
emallia@fleetcarma.com
www.fleetcarma.com
Thank You! Q&A 519.342.7385 (office)
800.975.2434 (toll-free)
How to get the most out of plugging in
Lessons from early adopters to make electric vehicles work for your fleet