3. Introduction to VLSI
An IC is a chip or die where many circuit
components and the wiring that connects them
are manufactured.
A VLSI system integrates millions of electronic
components in a very small area.
5. Field Programmable Gate Array
(FPGA)
An FPGA is a semiconductor device that can be
reprogrammed after manufacturing.
Applications of FPGAs are:
Computer Hardware Emulation
Broadcast
Wireless Communication, etc.
6. FPGA Design
FPGAs can be reprogrammed to desired application or
functionality requirements after manufacturing. This
feature distinguishes FPGAs from Application Specific
Integrated Circuits (ASICs), which are custom
manufactured for specific design tasks.
8. VLSI Design Flow (contd.)
Design Architecture:
Designers can use different abstraction levels
for VLSI design:
9. VLSI Design Flow (contd.)
RTL Coding: HDLs
Stands for “Hardware
Description Language”.
A language that can describe
the functionality and timing of
the hardware.
Support for hardware
concurrency and time frame
are two main features that
distinguishes HDLs from other
programming languages.
10. Uses and Requirement of
HDL
It provides with concurrency constructs to
simulate circuit behavior.
Simulation for verification and synthesis.
It allows textual representation of how data
flows between register and how design
processes them.
11. EDA Tools
Stands for “Electronic Design
Automation”.
Commonly used EDA tools are:
Xilinx ISE, ModelSim,
Cadence, etc.
Used to compile, simulate and
synthesize the code written in
HDL
12. Introduction to VHDL
Stands for “Very High Speed Integrated
Circuit Hardware Description Language”
(VHSIC HDL).
It is an IEEE and ANSI STANDARD;
therefore, models described in this
language are portable.
Supports three design description
methods and can work with any
combination of them i.e., it allows mixed
type modelling.
13. Introduction to Embedded
Systems
An Embedded system is a special purpose
computer system designed to perform one or a
few dedicated functions, often with real time
computing constraints.
In an embedded system, there is only one
application software that is typically burned
into ROM. Example: Printer, Keyboard, etc.
14. Peripherals necessary for
Microcontrollers /
Microprocessor
CPU: Central Processing
Unit
Input /Output
Bus: Address bus & Data
bus
Memory: RAM & ROM
Timer
Interrupt
Serial Port
Parallel Port