1. Roman. Colonnaded street in Thamugadi, North Africa. View toward the Arch of Trajan.
Late second century CE.
[Fig. 3.1]

2. Roman. City plan of Thamugadi (line drawing).
ca. 200 CE.
[Fig. 3.2]

3. Map: The Roman Empire at its greatest extent, ca. 180 CE.
[Fig. Map 3.1]

4. Etruscan. She-wolf.
500-480 BCE. Bronze, with glass-paste eyes. Height: 33".
Museo Capitolino, Rome. [Fig. 3.3]

5. Roman. Head of a Man (possibly a portrait of Lucius Junius Brutus).
ca. 300 BCE. Bronze. Height: 27-1/2".
Museo Capitolino, Palazzo dei Conservatori, Rome. [Fig. 3.4]

6. Roman. A Roman Man.
ca. 80 BCE. Marble. Height: lifesize.
The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Rogers Fund, 1912 (12.233). © The Metropolitan
Museum of Art/Art Resource, NY. [Fig. 3.5]

7. Roman. Augustus of Primaporta.
ca. 20 BCE. Marble. Height: 6' 8".
Vatican Museums, Rome. [Fig. 3.6]

8. Roman. Ara Pacis Augustae, Rome. Detail, Imperial Procession, south frieze.
13-9 BCE. Marble. Width: approx. 35'.
[Fig. 3.7]

9. Roman. Idyllic Landscape, wall painting from a villa at Boscotrecase, near Pompeii.
First century BCE. Fresco.
Museo Nazionale, Naples. [Fig. 3.8]

10. Roman. Materials & Techniques: Arches and Vaults: Pont du Gard, near Nîmes, France.
Late first century BCE - early first century CE. Height: 180’.
[Fig. 3.9]

11. Roman. Materials & Techniques: Arches and Vaults: Round arch, barrel vault, groin vault
(3 line drawings).
[Fig. 3.10]

12. Roman. Aerial view of the Colosseum, Rome.
72-80 CE.
[Fig. 3.11]

13. Roman. The Forum Romanum and Imperial Forums, Rome: Forum of Trajan, restored
view by Gilbert Gorski (color drawing).
110-112 CE.
[Fig. 3.12]

14. Roman. The Forum Romanum and Imperial Forums, Rome: Basilica Ulpia, Forum of
Trajan. Reconstruction, central hall (color drawing).
113 CE.
[Fig. 3.13]

15. Roman. Arch of Titus, Rome.
ca. 81 CE.
[Fig. 3.14]

16. Roman. Spoils from the Temple in Jerusalem.
Detail of the interior relief of the Arch of Titus.
ca. 81 CE.
[Fig. 3.15]

17. Roman. Column of Trajan, Rome.
106-113 CE.
[Fig. 3.16]

18. Roman. Column of Trajan, Forum of Trajan, Rome. Detail, lower portion.
106-113 CE.
[Fig. 3.17]

19. Roman. The Pantheon, Rome.
118-125 CE.
[Fig. 3.18]

20. Roman. The Pantheon, Rome, schematic drawing showing original forecourt.
118-125 CE.
[Fig. 3.19]

21. Roman. The Pantheon, Rome. Interior.
118-125 CE.
[Fig. 3.20]

22. Roman. Atrium, House of the Silver Wedding, Pompeii.
First century BCE.
[Fig. 3.21]

23. Roman. Plan, House of the Silver Wedding, Pompeii.
First century BCE.
[Fig. 3.22]

24. Roman. Garden Scene. Detail of a wall painting from the Villa of Livia at Primaporta,
near Rome.
Late first century BCE. Fresco.
Museo Nazionale Romano, Rome. [Fig. 3.23]

25. Chinese. The Great Wall, near Beijing, China.
Begun late third century BCE. Length approx. 4,100 miles, average height 25'.
[Fig. 3.24]

26. Map: China, 1000-200 BCE.
[Fig. Map 3.2]

27. Chinese. Yin-yang Symbol (drawing).
[Fig. 3.25]

28. Chinese. Spouted Ritual Wine Vessel (Guang).
Shang dynasty, early Anyang period, 13th century BCE. Bronze. Height: 8 1/2".
[Fig. 3.26]

29. Chinese. Soldiers and horses, from the pits near the tomb of Emperor Qin Shihuangdi,
Lintong, Shaanxi province, China.
Qin dynasty, ca. 210 BCE. Terracotta. Lifesize.
[Fig. 3-CL.1]

30. Chinese. An infantryman poised for hand-to-hand combat,from the burial mound of
Emperor Qin Shihuangdi, Lintong, Shaanxi province, China.
Qin dynasty, ca. 210 BCE. Terracotta. Height: 70".
[Fig. 3-CL.2]

31. Chinese. A kneeling archer, from the burial mound of Emperor Qin Shihuangdi, Lintong,
Shaanxi province, China.
Qin dynasty, ca. 210 BCE. Terracotta. Height: 48".
[Fig. 3-CL.3]

32. Chinese. Model of a Multi-Storied Tower.
Eastern Han dynasty (25-200 CE), 1st century CE. Painted earthenware with unfired
coloring. 52" x 33-1/2" x 27".
The Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art, Kansas City, Missouri. [Fig. 3.27]

33. Chinese. Painted banner from the tomb of the wife of the Marquis of Dai, Mawangdui,
Changsha, Hunan.
Han dynasty, ca. 160 BCE. Colors on silk. 6' 8-1/2".
Hunan Provincial Museum. [Fig. 3.28]

34. Indus Valley civilization. Large water tank, possibly a public or ritual bathing area, from
Mohenjo-Daro, Indus valley civilization.
ca. 2600–1900 BCE.
[Fig. 3.29]

35. India ca. 1500 BCE.
[Fig. Map 3.3]

36. Indus Valley civilization. Torso of a “priest-king” from Mohenjo-Daro.
ca. 2000–1900 BCE. Steatite. Height: 6-7/8".
National Museum of Pakistan, Karachi, Pakistan. [Fig. 3.30]

37. Indus Valley civilization. Seal depicting a horned animal.
ca. 2500-1900 BCE. Steatite. Approx. 1-1/4" x 1-1/4".
National Museum of Pakistan, Karachi, Pakistan. [Fig. 3.31]

38. Hindu. The Goddess Durga Killing the Buffalo Demon, Mahisha (Mahishasuramardini).
Bangladesh or India.
Pala period, twelfth century. Argillite. Height: 5-5/16".
Image copyright © The Metropolitan Museum of Art/Art Resource, NY. [Fig. 3.32]

39. Buddhist. The Great Stupa, Sanchi, Madhya Pradesh, India, view of the West Gateway.
Founded third century BCE, enlarged ca. 150–50 BCE. Stone.
Height: 50' Diameter: 105'.
[Fig. 3.33]

40. Buddhist. Elevation of the Great Stupa (line drawing).
Founded third century BCE, enlarged ca. 150–50 BCE.
[Fig. 3.34]

41. Buddhist. Lion capital, Ashokan pillar at Sarnath, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Maurya period, ca. 250 BCE. Polished sandstone. Height: 7'.
Archeological Museum, Sarnath. [Fig. 3.35]

42. Early Christian. The Basilica of Maxentius and Constantine, also known as the Basilica
Nova. Entrance. Rome.
306-313 CE.
[Fig. 3.36]

43. Early Christian. The Basilica of Maxentius and Constantine, also known as the Basilica
Nova. Plan. Rome.
306-313 CE.
[Fig. 3.37]