1. Micronutrients
- Vittal

2. CHOOSE YOUR TRACE METAL
IRON IODINE COPPER
ZINC COBALT CHROMIUM
SELENIUM COPPER MANGANESE
MOLYBDINUM NICKLE VANADIUM
IRON IODINE COPPER
ZINC COBALT CHROMIUM
SELENIUM COPPER MANGANESE
MOLYBDINUM NICKLE VANADIUM

3. IRON
SOURCE FUNCTION DEFICIENCY
Fish, Liver, meat,
jaggary, Meat
group, Leafy
Greens, cereals,
legumes, dates,
turmeric,
watermelon
Constituent of
Hb., enzymes,
role in O2
transport
LBW, Blood
loss, hook
worm,
malabsorption
, poor intake

4. IRON
Clnical
Features
Requirement Remarks
Pallor,
dyspnoea,
CCF, irritability,
lack of
conc.,pica,
koilonychia,
Prophylaxis:
2 mg/kg/d
Treatment:
6 mg/kg/d O
for 3-4 mo.
Oxalates, Zn,
phytates inhibit
absorption
Toxicity: GI Upset,
metabolic
derangement,
acidosis, hepatic
failure.
Tt. : Gastric lavage,
Desferoxamine,
Deferiprone

5. IODINE
SOURCE FUNCTION DEFICIENCY
Sea foods,
drinking water,
iodized salt
Constituent of
thyroxine
Low content in
water, excessive
intake of
cabbbage,
cauliflower

6. IODINE
Clnical
Features
Requirement Remarks
Goitre,
hypothyroidism,
still birth, CNS
defect
Investigations:
Urinary iodine,
PBI, T3, T4,
TSH, Iodine
uptake
50-150
mcg/day
Iodized salt to
contain 15 mcg/g
(15 ppm) uptp 30
ppm is added t
tackle loss
Toxicity: Goitre

7. COPPER
SOURCE FUNCTION DEFICIENCY
Liver, fish, meat,
oyster, legumes,
Constituent of
enzymes,
ceruloplasmin
role in
hemopoisis,
bone
metabolism
LBW, preterm,
TPN, PEM,
Nephrotic
syndrome

8. COPPER
Clnical
Features
Requirement Remarks
Liver, fish,
meat,
oyster,
legumes,
nuts, prunes
Constituent of
enzymes,
ceruloplasmin role
in hemopoisis,
bone and
connective tissue
metabolism, nerve
fibres and skin
Hypochromic
anemia,
neutropenia,
hypopigmentatio
n of hair, bony
defects
Inv: S.Cu: 75-
150 mcg%
S.Cerulo: 10-15
mcg%

9. ZINC
SOURCE FUNCTION DEFICIENCY
Liver, beef,
oyster, wheat
germ, nuts,
grapes.
Phytates reduce
absorption
Constituent of
enzymes,
ceruloplasmin
role in protein
and nucleic
acid synthesis
PEM, hepatitis,
TPN, nephrotic
syndrome,
acrodermatitis
eneteropathica

10. ZINC
Clnical Features Requirement Remarks
Growth
retardation,
anroexia, gonadal
atrophy, alopecia,
diarrhoea,
reduced taste
sensation
Inv.: S.Zn: (60 –
150 mcg%), Hair
Zn.
5 -15 g / d
Treatment:
1-2 mg / kg /
d
Used as
adjuvant in Tt.
Of Wilson;s
Disease,
Diarrhoeal
disorders
Toxicity: GI
Upset, Cu
deficiency

11. COBALT
SOURCE FUNCTION DEFICIENCY
Meat group Constituent of
B12, role in
iron absorption,
iodine
utilization
PEM, TPN

12. COBALT
Clnical Features Requirement Remarks
Hypothyroidism,
anemia, goitre,
Inv. : S.Co. (0.007
mcg%)
Not known Excess can
cause goitre
and
cardiomyopathy

13. CHROMIUM
SOURCE FUNCTION DEFICIENCY
Yeast, liver,
cereals, nuts,
cocoa, pepper,
cheese,
chickens,
mushrooms,
molasses
Facilitates
insulin action
PEM, TPN

14. CHROMIUM
Clnical Features Requirement Remarks
Hyperglycemia,
encephalopathy
Inv. : S.Cr. (0.02
mcg%)
10 mcg/d
Treatment:
180 mcg
single dose
Renal failure,
dermatitis

15. MOLYBDINUM
SOURCE FUNCTION DEFICIENCY
Legumes, whole
grains, greens,
meat group, nuts
Components of
xanthine
oxidase,
instrumental in
iron storage.
Instrumental in
production of
uric acid.
TPN, poor soil
content

16. MOLYBDINUM
Clnical Features Requirement Remarks
Mouth and
esophageal
cancers,
tachycardia, coma
Inv. : S.Mo. (0.07
mcg%)
250-500
mcg/d
Bony defects,
hyperurecemia,
competes with
Cu absorption.
Deficiency
never occurs

17. SELENIUM
SOURCE FUNCTION DEFICIENCY
Meat group,
greens, garlic,
oysters
Antioxidant co-
factor,
maintains liver
integrity
PEM, TPN,
poor soil
content

18. SELENIUM
Clnical Features Requirem
ent
Remarks
Keshan
cartiomyopathy,
arthritis, myalgia,
growth retardation,
liver necrosis, risk of
cancer , Kashin-Beck
Disease
(chondrodystrophy)
Inv. : S.Se. (13 mcg
%)
100 mcg/d Dental caries,
alopecia, garlic
odour in breath

19. MANGANESE
SOURCE FUNCTION DEFICIENCY
Cereals, nuts,
legumes, whole
grains, egg yolk,
greens, tea
Component of
superoxide
dismutase, role
in oxidative
phosphorylation,
bone and
tendon
formation
TPN

20. MANGANESE
Clnical Features Requirement Remarks
Growth
retardation,
reddening of hair,
increased
prothrombin time
Inv.
S. Mn. (0.06 mcg)
1-5 mg / d Encephalitis,
goitre,
cardiomyopath,
cholestasis.
Iron decreases
absorption of
Mn

21. NICKLE
SOURCE FUNCTION DEFICIENCY
Chacolates Component of
urease, nickle,
plasmin,
stabilizes
membranes
TPN

22. NICKLE
Clnical Features Requirement Remarks
Inv.
S. Ni. (0.02 mcg)
Not known Dermatitis,
linver, necrosis,
nasal and lung
cancers

23. SILICON
SOURCE FUNCTION DEFICIENCY
Cross linkage of
collagen
TPN

24. SILICON
Clnical Features Requirement Remarks
Growth
retardation,
defective bone
growth
Not known Glaucoma and
fibrosis of lung

25. VANADIUM
SOURCE FUNCTION DEFICIENCY
Protein rich food TPN PEM

26. VANADIUM
Clnical Features Requirement Remarks
Associated with
nutritional edema
Not known