1. CLOVER ORGANIC PVT. LTD.
USE OF NATUREVEL – WW FOR WASTEWATER TREATMENT
1. Bio-augmentation: The need
Bio-augmentation is the application of specifically selected bacteria (microbes) into a
wastewater treatment system to enhance the system performance in some way. Bio-
augmentation has many applications in all types of biological wastewater treatment
systems, including once-through lagoons, activated sludge plants, sequencing batch
reactors (SBR's) and rotating biological contactors (RBC's).
2. NatureVel – WW:
Though many bacterial cultures are available globally, NatureVel – WW is
considered the most advanced as:
1. It is the only product that offers the combined benefits of both powerful
microbial and herbal extracts.
2. It has a plate count of 25 million microbes as compared to < 5 million
microbes in most microbial products.
3. As a result the shelf life is 1 year as compared 6 months in other products.
Key Benefits that NatureVel – WW offers are as follows:
Meeting CPCB norms much more stringently in terms of BOD, COD, TSS,
Coliform count (in sewage).
Reduction in cost of treatment through reduced aeration and usage of
chemicals and polymers.
Decreased environmental liabilities as the water is good enough to be re-
cycled.
Increase in system reliability and efficiency
Massive Sludge Reduction.
It takes care of shock loads to some extent.
Suppression of foul odour and vectors.
Some plants have constantly changing influents. No matter how great a
control they have, their biomass is in constant flux. Adding NatureVel - WW
helps to stabilize and increase the efficiency of the biomass.
When a plant has a system that is old or under-designed, and capital
improvements would be too costly, optimization of the current system can be
achieved with the addition of NatureVel - WW as a short term help to avoid
costly capital improvements.
Some plants discharge to a CETP. Addition of NatureVel - WW can decrease
the surcharges that are incurred. Sometimes in a once through lagoon, addition
of bacteria can shorten recovery time, increase numbers during cold spells or
high loading bursts.

2. Without Bioaugmentation With Bioaugmentation
3. Conceptual impact of bio-augmentation through NatureVel – WW on
bacterial population in wastewater Treatment plants
The concept of NatureVel -WW is based on the inoculation of mixed cultures of
beneficial microorganisms into the system where they shift the microbiological
equilibrium. A series of inoculations are made to ensure that the introduced
microorganisms continue their dominance over the indigenous populations. Unlike
conventional technologies like the use of UV and chlorination, where reactionary
treatment of unwanted pathogens is carried out, NatureVel – WW on the other hand
effectively cultivates beneficial microorganisms to a level where pathogenic,
destructive bacteria cannot compete with and therefore do not proliferate. This in turn
reduces biological stress of purifying wastewater.
The exact mechanism of how NatureVel - WW acts and interacts in the microbial
ecology is not known. However, there is evidence that supports a number of theories
concerning the mechanism of action of NatureVel - WW. These include the
suppression of pathogens and disease-causing microorganisms, conservation of
energy, solubilization of minerals, microbial-ecological balance, photosynthetic
efficiency, and biological nitrification. These microorganisms coexist and act
synergistically when applied. They decompose organic compounds and produce
various low-molecular organic compounds, such as amino acids, sugars, vitamins,
enzymes, and other bioactive substances.
The unique property of the microbes in NatureVel - WW is that they all work together
to devour the very toxic compounds caused by human pollution, which throw
ecosystems into a state of rapid decline. This leads to a reduction in the BOD and
consequently the COD. As the reduction takes place without the use of DO
(Dissolved Oxygen), the oxygen level of water is quickly increased with reduced need
for aeration, thereby leading to cost reduction.
Also, these microbes create an organic polymer around the suspended particles,
thereby increasing settle ability, leading to increased efficiency in cleaning
wastewater.

3. Furthermore, as the NatureVel-effluent makes its way through the sewage system, it
has the effect of purifying the liquid sewage it mixes with as well as the sewers as it
passes through. It then goes on to play a similar role in helping to clean up pollution
in rivers when it empties into them.
NatureVel – WW microbes remove foul odor from any kind of water contamination at
a very fast pace. This is done through five separate ways. These are:
1. Odor substances are of weak alkaline nature and are primarily represented by
ammonia. It is neutralized with organic acids in NatureVel - WW solution.
2. The enzyme and antioxidants reduce odor in a synergistic way, a sort of buffer
effect.
3. The metallic chelates react with odor substances instantly, change them into non-
odor substances and reduce them quickly.
4. Foul odor is emitted by putrefactive type of microorganisms. When NatureVel -
WW is applied to a local environment and starts to dominate it with its
fermentation type of microorganisms, they will stop the process of putrefaction
and move towards a fermentation process.
5. The herbal extracts in NatureVel – WW help to further clean the wastewater and
also suppress foul odour.
4. Microbiology:
Phototrophic Bacteria
Microbial oxidation of odor compounds, while it can be addressed in separate
processes (e.g. biofilters), in large part can occur in the aerobic treatment process.
Phototrophic bacteria and other species are known sulfide oxidizers under anaerobic
conditions (Eaton et al, 1995). Photosynthetic green and purple sulfur bacteria use
H2S as a hydrogen donor in photosynthesis. The sulfide is oxidized to sulfur or
sulfate. The purple sulfur bacteria has a red appearance that can be seen on clarifier
weirs and tops of trickling filter beds, and are known to rarely cause problems in
treatment plants. Aerobic bacteria such as Thiobacillus oxidize reduced sulphur to
obtain energy for chemoautotrophic growth (Eaton et al, 1995 and Sylvia, 1998).
Lactic Acid Bacteria
Lactic acid bacteria are gram-positive and well-known for obtaining energy through
fermentation. All of these bacteria grow anaerobically, however they can grow in the
presence of oxygen and therefore are considered aerotolerant anaerobes.
Fermentation is an internally balanced oxidation-reduction reaction in which some
atoms of the energy source become more reduced while others become more
oxidized. Only a small amount of energy is released during fermentation. Most of
the energy remains in the reduced fermentation product. An example of fermentation
by lactic acid bacteria is the catabolism of gluscose:
glucose 2 lactic acid
C6H12O6 2C3H6O3

4. One important difference between the subgroups of lactic acid bacteria is in the nature
of the products formed during the fermentation of sugars. One kind is known as
homofermentative, which produces almost entirely lactic acid. The other kind is
heterofermentative, which produces other substances as well, such as, ethanol, CO2
and lactate (Brock and Madigan, 1991). There are 8 species of Lactobacillus
microbes present in NatureVel – WW, which assist in rapid cleaning of wastewater.
Actinomycetes
Actinomycetes are gram-positive filamentous bacteria characterized by branching
filaments (mycelia), which is similar to growth by fungi. However, the mycelia like
filaments are similar in diameter to bacteria at approximately 1 m. Most
actinomycetes are obligate aerobes, however some are anaerobes. Most
actinomycetes produce spores and they are commonly found in soils, water, and
wastewater treatment facilities. Some Actinomycetes, such as Streptomyces produce
an “earthy” odor that is due to the production of volatile compounds called geosmins.
Actinomycetes can degrade polysaccharides, hydrocarbons, and lignin. Some
produce antibiotics (Bitton, 1994).
5. Conditions for NatureVel – WW will work for carrying out Bio-augmentation:
It is important to note that NatureVel – WW, though an excellent product, cannot
work well unless certain conditions are met. It is our experience that it is better to
leave a client in the beginning if his plant does not meet the specifications before
hand. We gain more respect that way.
The conditions that need to be kept in mind are:
i. Retention time: There should be a minimum retention time of 12 hours. The
longer the retention time, the more time the microbes get to do their job.
Retention time is calculated from the time the effluent enters the plant and the
time it discharges from the plant.
ii. COD: 20,000 mg/liter maximum
iii. BOD: 10000 mg/liters maximum
iv. pH: 4 and above (treat with chemicals initially to increase the pH if necessary)
v. Salinity: 20,000 ppm and below.
vi. COD/BOD ratio: 4 and below. (In case the ratio is higher, ask us for our
special formulation to treat high chemical loads).
vii. Presence of Phenols and other toxins: Up to 3% of total flow.
viii. Temperature: Mesophillic (25.C to 40.C)
ix. Last but not the least. If the ETP/STP is not properly designed or under-
designed, then NatureVel – WW can only bring very limited benefit.
6. Dosage Pattern for NatureVel –WW:
The dosage pattern for NatureVel –WW is divided into two:
a. Initial booster dosage to give a large infusion of microbes into the STP/ETP
environment.

5. b. Maintenance dosage to keep a minimum balance of beneficial microbes in the
environment. The beneficial microbes have a limited life cycle and need to be
constantly replenished. Moreover, with constant flow of pollution into the
environment, there needs to be a minimum level of microbes to treat the same.
The procedure for dosing NatureVel – WW microbes into the STP/ETP is as
follows:
a. The concentrate solution needs to be multiplied 20 times anaerobically in a
Jerry Can or for large usage in Sintex plastic Tanks. The procedure for the
same is as follows. These same instructions are printed on every bottle of
NatureVel – WW for ease of use.
b. Care should be taken that the container used for multiplication was not used
for any chemicals that may harm the microbes in NatureVel –WW. After
multiplication, the containers must be thoroughly cleaned with water and not
soap or detergents.
c. Once multiplied, you need to dose the plant in the ratio of 1 liter of multiplied
culture for every 10,000 liters of effluent or raw sewage. This ratio is
generally maintained for both Booster and Maintenance dosage.
d. There is no hard and fast rule on this. Please remember that EACH plant is
unique in itself. We have in fact seen that similar plants with same flow rate
behave differently while under going bio-augmentation. Change dosage
slightly to improve performance.
e. The indications that the plant is responding well to NatureVel – WW are as
follows:
As a first step, the foul odour will subside to a large extent.
The MLSS would slowly start to build up.
The BOD, COD levels will start to reduce, while DO levels will start to
rise.
The sludge from the bottom of the plant would start to come to the
surface and begin to break up into smaller pieces and slowly disappear.

6. f. If the above signs are not appearing, then you need to check the following:
The pH level of Multiplied NatureVel – WW is 3.5 and below or not. If
not, then there has been some contamination, which has entered or air
has entered the anaerobic environment. Throw away the batch and make
a fresh batch, but keep in mind the phyto-sanitation conditions.
Ensure there has been no shock dosage into the plant.
Ensure that no anti-microbial compounds like Chlorides or Phenols have
entered the plant.
If the BOD in the plant increases after the dosage, then reduce the
dosage a little.
For a short time, the BOD/COD might increase initially. Do not worry.
The native harmful microbes resist the entry of powerful beneficial
microbes in NatureVel – WW. The plant should stabilize within 7 days.