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BMGT 204: Sales Strategies and Techniques
Chapter 3: The Psychology of Selling: Why People Buy
Why did you buy Point
Park University?
The Golden Rule: Benefits
•

Communication Skills 


•

Ability to unselfishly help a
person make the correct
buying decision
Exhibit 3.1: Why People Buy–

The Black Box Approach
•

Internalization process is referred to as a 

black box
•

•

We cannot see into the buyer’s mind

Stimulus-response model
Sales Presentation

Sale/No Sale
Buyer’s Hidden
Mental Process

Stimulus

Black box

Exhibit 4-1: Stimulus-response model of buyer behavior

Response
What’s Known About Mental Process
•

People buy for practical (rational) and psychological
(emotional) reasons

•

Some of a person’s thoughts can be determined

•

Buyers consider certain factors in making purchase
decisions
A FAB Approach to Buyer

Need Satisfaction
•

Stressing benefits is a very powerful selling technique

•

FAB selling technique helps emphasize benefit
•

Feature

•

Advantage

•

Benefit
The Product’s
Features: So What?
•

Feature – a physical
characteristic


•

Many salespeople emphasize
features


•

Examples:


•

Size


•

Color


•

Price


•

Shape
The Product’s
Advantages: Prove It!
•

Advantage - a performance
characteristic 


•

The chances of making a sale are
increased by describing the
product’s advantages


•

How a product can be used


•

How a product will help the buyer


•

Examples:


•

Fastest-selling


•

Store more information


•

Copy on both sides of the paper
The Product’s Benefits:
What’s in it for Me?
•

Benefit – a result of
advantage

•

People are interested in what
the product will do for them

•

Benefits can be both practical
and psychological


•

Benefits should be specific
statements, not generalizations


•

Emphasizing benefits increases
sales
Example: Sporting Goods
Salesperson to Customer:

•

“With this ball, you’ll get an
extra 10 to 20 yards on
your drives ( 1.
)
helping to reduce your
score ( 2.
) because
of its new solid core (
3).”
Use Your FABs
•

Feature – Physical Characteristic
•

•

Advantage – Performance Characteristic
•

•

Buyer thinks “So What?”

Buyer thinks “Prove It!”

Benefit – Favorable result from advantage
•

Benefits are what people buy!

•

You can have a benefit of a benefit or a FABB
Use the FAB Sequence
•

The standardized FAB Sequence can be used as follows:

•

The…(feature)…means you…(advantage)…with the real
benefit to you being…(benefit)….

•

Note how a benefit is emphasized

•

Pick a product. Insert a FAB of the product into the above
sequence

•

Put in your own words

•

Let’s try it…….going back to Point Park University
FAB for Point Park
University
Let’s Review FABs
•

Which of the following is a feature, advantage, or benefit?
•

Made of kevlar

•

20% more MPG

•

New

•

Lasts twice as long

•

Saves time, work, and money
Exhibit 3.4: Match Buyer’s Needs to Product’s Benefits
and Emphasize Them in the Sales Presentation

Important

Seller

(emphasize)

Important

Needs

Benefits

Unimportant

(de-emphasize)

Unimportant

Buyer
The Trial Close–a Great Way to Uncover Needs
and Sell
•

The trial close asks for an opinion, not a decision to buy

•

It gives feedback

•

The trial close is one of the best communication
techniques in the sales presentation
The Trial Close Helps You to Determine:
•

Whether the prospect likes your product’s features,
advantages, or benefits

•

Whether you have successfully answered any objections

•

Whether any objections remain

•

Whether the prospect is ready for you to close the sale
In These Examples of Trial Closes, Notice They Do
NOT Ask Someone to Buy Directly
•

“How does that sound to you?”
•

•

….that example of my work experience

“Is this important to you?”
•

……in the open role for xxxxxxxxx

•

“That’s great - isn’t it?”

•

“I notice your smile. What do you think about…?”
Exhibit 3.5: The SELL Sequence: Use It
Throughout Your Presentation

S

Show
feature

E

Explain
advantage

L

Lead
into benefit

L

Let
customer talk
Industrial Salesperson to
Industrial Purchasing Agent:

•

“This equipment is made of
stainless steel 

( 1.
), which means it
won’t rust 

(
2.
). The real
benefit is that it reduces your
replacement costs, thus saving
you money (
3.
)! That’s
what you’re interested in – right
(
4
)?”
Review: When Are the Times to Use a Trial Close?
•

After making a strong selling point in the presentation
(FABs)

•

After the presentation but before the close

•

After answering an objection

•

Immediately before you move to close the sale
Exhibit 3.6: Examples of Features, Advantages,
Benefits, and Trial Closes that Form the SELL Sequence
You Can Classify Buying Situations
•

Some decisions are routine

•

Some decisions are limited

•

Some decisions are extensive
View Buyers as Decision Makers
•

Five basic steps in the buying decision
•

Need arousal

•

Collection of information

•

Information evaluation

•

Purchase decision

•

Postpurchase:
•

Satisfaction
Exhibit 3.9: Personal, Psychological, and Social
Forces that Influence Consumers’ Buying Behavior
Satisfied Customers Are Easier to Sell
•

It is easier to sell to a customer than to a stranger

•

Building a relationship is important to a salesperson’s
success
How does this relate to a job search….
•

Are employers looking for a Feature?

•

Are they looking for an Advantage?

•

Are they looking for a benefit?
•

What will you do to help them succeed?

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Bmgt 204 chapter_3

  • 1. BMGT 204: Sales Strategies and Techniques Chapter 3: The Psychology of Selling: Why People Buy
  • 2. Why did you buy Point Park University?
  • 3. The Golden Rule: Benefits • Communication Skills • Ability to unselfishly help a person make the correct buying decision
  • 4. Exhibit 3.1: Why People Buy–
 The Black Box Approach • Internalization process is referred to as a 
 black box • • We cannot see into the buyer’s mind Stimulus-response model Sales Presentation Sale/No Sale Buyer’s Hidden Mental Process Stimulus Black box Exhibit 4-1: Stimulus-response model of buyer behavior Response
  • 5. What’s Known About Mental Process • People buy for practical (rational) and psychological (emotional) reasons • Some of a person’s thoughts can be determined • Buyers consider certain factors in making purchase decisions
  • 6. A FAB Approach to Buyer
 Need Satisfaction • Stressing benefits is a very powerful selling technique • FAB selling technique helps emphasize benefit • Feature • Advantage • Benefit
  • 7. The Product’s Features: So What? • Feature – a physical characteristic • Many salespeople emphasize features • Examples: • Size • Color • Price • Shape
  • 8. The Product’s Advantages: Prove It! • Advantage - a performance characteristic • The chances of making a sale are increased by describing the product’s advantages • How a product can be used • How a product will help the buyer • Examples: • Fastest-selling • Store more information • Copy on both sides of the paper
  • 9. The Product’s Benefits: What’s in it for Me? • Benefit – a result of advantage • People are interested in what the product will do for them • Benefits can be both practical and psychological • Benefits should be specific statements, not generalizations • Emphasizing benefits increases sales
  • 10.
  • 11. Example: Sporting Goods Salesperson to Customer: • “With this ball, you’ll get an extra 10 to 20 yards on your drives ( 1. ) helping to reduce your score ( 2. ) because of its new solid core ( 3).”
  • 12. Use Your FABs • Feature – Physical Characteristic • • Advantage – Performance Characteristic • • Buyer thinks “So What?” Buyer thinks “Prove It!” Benefit – Favorable result from advantage • Benefits are what people buy! • You can have a benefit of a benefit or a FABB
  • 13. Use the FAB Sequence • The standardized FAB Sequence can be used as follows: • The…(feature)…means you…(advantage)…with the real benefit to you being…(benefit)…. • Note how a benefit is emphasized • Pick a product. Insert a FAB of the product into the above sequence • Put in your own words • Let’s try it…….going back to Point Park University
  • 14. FAB for Point Park University
  • 15. Let’s Review FABs • Which of the following is a feature, advantage, or benefit? • Made of kevlar • 20% more MPG • New • Lasts twice as long • Saves time, work, and money
  • 16. Exhibit 3.4: Match Buyer’s Needs to Product’s Benefits and Emphasize Them in the Sales Presentation Important Seller (emphasize) Important Needs Benefits Unimportant (de-emphasize) Unimportant Buyer
  • 17. The Trial Close–a Great Way to Uncover Needs and Sell • The trial close asks for an opinion, not a decision to buy • It gives feedback • The trial close is one of the best communication techniques in the sales presentation
  • 18. The Trial Close Helps You to Determine: • Whether the prospect likes your product’s features, advantages, or benefits • Whether you have successfully answered any objections • Whether any objections remain • Whether the prospect is ready for you to close the sale
  • 19. In These Examples of Trial Closes, Notice They Do NOT Ask Someone to Buy Directly • “How does that sound to you?” • • ….that example of my work experience “Is this important to you?” • ……in the open role for xxxxxxxxx • “That’s great - isn’t it?” • “I notice your smile. What do you think about…?”
  • 20. Exhibit 3.5: The SELL Sequence: Use It Throughout Your Presentation S Show feature E Explain advantage L Lead into benefit L Let customer talk
  • 21. Industrial Salesperson to Industrial Purchasing Agent: • “This equipment is made of stainless steel 
 ( 1. ), which means it won’t rust 
 ( 2. ). The real benefit is that it reduces your replacement costs, thus saving you money ( 3. )! That’s what you’re interested in – right ( 4 )?”
  • 22. Review: When Are the Times to Use a Trial Close? • After making a strong selling point in the presentation (FABs) • After the presentation but before the close • After answering an objection • Immediately before you move to close the sale
  • 23. Exhibit 3.6: Examples of Features, Advantages, Benefits, and Trial Closes that Form the SELL Sequence
  • 24. You Can Classify Buying Situations • Some decisions are routine • Some decisions are limited • Some decisions are extensive
  • 25. View Buyers as Decision Makers • Five basic steps in the buying decision • Need arousal • Collection of information • Information evaluation • Purchase decision • Postpurchase: • Satisfaction
  • 26. Exhibit 3.9: Personal, Psychological, and Social Forces that Influence Consumers’ Buying Behavior
  • 27. Satisfied Customers Are Easier to Sell • It is easier to sell to a customer than to a stranger • Building a relationship is important to a salesperson’s success
  • 28. How does this relate to a job search…. • Are employers looking for a Feature? • Are they looking for an Advantage? • Are they looking for a benefit? • What will you do to help them succeed?