Smart Hidro Power de Alemania presento el panorama de Alemania en el ámbito de las energías renovables no convencionales, mostrando la participación del estado y de las entidades sin ánimo de lucro como DENA

1. Germany's renewable energy sector in the
context of energy transition
Marc Uhlig
Deutsche Energie-Agentur GmbH (dena)
German Energy Agency
Bogotá, 02.07.2015

2. 15-07-06 2
Agenda
 About the German Energy Agency (dena)
 Basics Energiewende
 Renewable Energies in Germany
 Power Plants and Security of Supply
 The Power Grid
 Electricity/Energy Costs and Prices
 Q&A

3. About the German Energy Agency
(dena)
15-07-06 Speaker 3

4. Ownership structure of dena
15-07-06 4

5. dena’s focus topics and key areas
15-07-06 5

6. Basics Energiewende
15-07-06 Referent 6
Transformation of the German energy system

7. Milestones of the Energiewende
15-07-06 Marc Uhlig 7
Germany is part of an integrated European energy and climate strategy.
’14
Amendment of the
Renewable Energy
Sources Act (EEG)
Source:ERGO,Ecofys2015

8. Three target areas of the Energiewende
Affordability, security of supply and environmental protection are interlinked.
15-07-06 Marc Uhlig 8

9. 1. Phase-out nuclear power generation
2. Reduce dependency on energy
imports
3. Reduce carbon emissions and reach
climate protection targets
4. Development of new technologies as
new sources of growth and
employment
5. Show that energy policy can be both
sustainable and economically
successful
Five reasons for the Energiewende
15-07-06 Marc Uhlig 9

10. Stakeholder
Dialogue
Central steering of the Energiewende
15-07-06 Marc Uhlig 10
In charge of the Energiewende
Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy
Federal and state coordination
• Chancellor
• Prime ministers of the Länder
Monitoring report “Energy of the Future”
Energy Grids
Platform
Energy Efficiency
Platform
Research and
Innovation Platform
Electricity Market
Platform
Buildings
Platform
Source:BMWi2014

11. Two pillars of the Energiewende
The energy transition’s foundation are renewables and reduced energy consumption.
6-Jul-15 Marc Uhlig 11
Renewable Energy
Key legislation:
Renewable Energy Sources Act
Renewable Energy Heat Act
• Steady growth
• Environmentally friendly
Market and system
integration
Energy research and
development
Supporting fields of action
European energy and
climate policy
Key legislation:
Energy Saving Ordinance
Heating Cost Ordinance
• Reduce energy consumption
• Cost-efficient
Energy Efficiency

12. 2050 Energiewende targets
Renewables are on track. Additional measures will bring climate and
energy efficiency on track.
15-07-06 12
*2013
Source:FederalGovernment2010,BMU/BMWi2014,AGEE-Stat2014,AGEB2015
Marc Uhlig
Climate
Renewable
Energies
Energy
Efficiency
% final energy
consumption
% gross electricity
consumption
% primary energy
consumption (vs. 2008)
energy productivity
building renovation
% greenhouse gas
reduction (vs. 1990)
2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2050
+2.1% p.a.
doubling of renovation rate: 1%  2%
-40
-55
-70
-80 to -95
35 40 to 45
50 65
80
55 to 60
18
30
45
60
-20
-50
12%*
27.3%
- 8.9%
1.2%* p.a.
~1%* p.a.
-22.6%*
Achieved
2014

13. German nuclear phase-out timeline
Nuclear phase-out will reduce total power capacity by 22.1 GW by 2022.
15-07-06 13
2000 2005 2010 2015 2020
Dec 2017
Dec 2019
Dec 2021
Dec 2022
FukushimaGW
43%
57%
Nov2003
May2005
Aug2011
May2015

14. Renewable Energies in Germany
15-07-06 Speaker 14

15. 0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
90,000
100,000
Hydropower Wind power (Onshore) Wind power (Offshore - installed but not complete grid-connected) Photovoltaics Biomass
MWel
15-07-06 15
Source:BMWi(2014)
Previous successes: Historical development of renewable
energies in Germany
Since 1990, the installed power capacity from renewable energies has increased
many times over.
5,595 MW
38,236 MW
38,116 MW
8,791 MW
2,340 MW

16. German gross electricity production
Renewables have become the biggest electricity source in just ten years.
15-07-06 16
10.3% gaslignite 26%
nuclear 27.1%
24.1% hard coal
5% others 3.1% wind
1.1% biomass
2.9% hydro
0% solar
0.4% waste
7.5%
2003 total: 608.8 TWh
renewables share: 45.6 TWh
Source:StatistischesBundesamt,BDEW/AGEB2014
gas
9.4%
lignite
25.4%
nuclear
15.8%
hard coal
17.8%
others
5.4%
wind
9.1%
biomass
7.0%
solar
5.7% waste
1.0%
hydro 3.4%
26.2%
2014 total: 614 TWh
renewables share: 160.6 TWh

17.  The German federal government announced ambitious goals
for the reduction of GHG and growth of RES, especially after
the decision to shut down nuclear power plants by 2022.
 The EEG has stimulated a significant growth of RES in
Germany for more than ten years – significant share of RES at
gross electricity production.
Conclusion
15-07-06 17

18. 0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Mill.t/a
Domestic production
Hard coal suppliers for the German market
Coal imports remain stable while domestic production has declined.
15-07-06 Marc Uhlig 18
Source:StatistischesBundesamt2014
Colombia
others
Australia
Canada
Russia
EU
South Africa
USA

19. Power plants, security of supply
15-07-06 Referent 19
Making the transformation happen

20. Gross power generation capacities in Germany
Renewable capacity expansion has led to a growth in capacity while
nuclear will be phased out until 2022.
Source:BMWi2014,Prognosetal2011
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2020
2025
2030
hydro
geothermal
photovoltaic
biomass
wind
pumped hydro
others
lignite
hard coal
gas
oil
nuclear
GW
renewable
energies

21. Conventional power plants are needed to back up volatile renewables.
15-07-06 Marc Uhlig 21
Source:FraunhoferISE2015
German electricity system volatility today
Winter 2014 - week no. 4 (January) Summer 2014 - week no. 34 (August)
Solar
Wind
Powergeneration(GW)
Seasonal storage
Pumped storage
Oil
Gas
Hard coal
Lignite
Nuclear
Biomass
Hydro

22. Future: German electricity system volatility in 2022
Renewables can cover the total demand by 2022 but conventional
back-up capacity for the winter will still be needed.
15-07-06 Marc Uhlig 22
Source:AgoraEnergiewende2015
GW
80
60
40
20
Winter 2023 (November)
Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat SunMon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun
GW
80
60
40
20
Summer 2023 (August)
electricity demand photovoltaic hydro
conventional
plants
onshore /
offshore wind
biomass
Powergeneration(GW)

23. Average duration of supply failures in 2012
Germany has top energy security levels.
15-07-06 Marc Uhlig 23
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
average
duration
in min/a
excluding
exceptional
events
including
exceptional
events
Source:CEER2014

24. Four areas to increase flexibility
Different flexibility measures are suitable for varying shares of volatile
renewables.
15-07-06 Marc Uhlig 24
Source:BMU2012
Grid expansion
Flexibility
RE curtailment
Demand response
Power-to-heat
Pumped storage
Power-to-gas
Grids
Generation
Consumption
Storage
Share of RE80%65%50%20% 35%
2025 2035 2050 Target year

25. The power grid
15-07-06 Referent 25
Enhancing infrastructure for future needs

26. The challenge: connecting supply and demand
New power lines need to transport excess supply in northern Germany to
southern Germany in order to prevent shortages.
6-Jul-15 Marc Uhlig 26
Source:DUH2011
solar
wind (installed)
wind (planned)
bottleneck
transmission grid
distribution grid
high-demand areas

27. Priority projects in the First Federal Requirement Plan
36 expansion projects were identified as vital for security of supply.
15-07-06 Marc Uhlig 27
Source:FederalNetworkAgency2013
36 projects
5,700 km of priority lines by 2022
• 2,800 km new construction
• 2,900 km optimisation

28. The principles of the smart grid
Producers and consumers interact and communicate via the smart grid.
15-07-06 Marc Uhlig 28

29. Electricity/Energy costs and prices
15-07-06 Referent 29
The benefits of market development and liberalisation

30. Price of rooftop PV systems in Germany
15-07-06 Marc Uhlig 30
Source:FraunhoferISE2014
Year

31. 0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
40,000
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
Jun06
Dec06
Jun07
Dec07
Jun08
Dec08
Jun09
Dec09
Jun10
Dec10
Jun11
Dec11
Jun12
Dec12
Jun13
Dec13
megawattpeak[MWp]
systemprice[EUR/kWp]
net system price for 10 kW roof-top system installed capacity PV
Cost decline of photovoltaic systems and capacity
growth in Germany
Broad market development and constant tariff reduction have more than
halved photovoltaic system costs in Germany.
15-07-06 Marc Uhlig 31
Source:BSW-Solar2013,2014

32. Levelised cost of electricity in Europe 2014, 2020, 2030
Many technologies can already compete with conventional powerplants,
onshore wind in particular.
15-07-06 Marc Uhlig 32
Source:FraunhoferISI2014

33. Price: 75
€/MWh
Price in
€/MWh
The price is
determined by the
cost of the marginal
technology.
33
Power plant
dispatch in GW
Merit order
(stylised)
Price: 35
€/MWh
RES nuclear lignite hard coal gas oil
Wholesale market pricing with merit order
Renewables shift the merit order and lower price levels.
Source:TUWien,DIWBerlin,2013
15-07-06 Marc Uhlig
Demand: 60 GW
50
100

34. Muchas Gracias.
Absender | Die Exportinitiative Erneuerbare Energien | 06.07.2015 |
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35. Contact
German Energy Agency (dena)
Division: Renewable Energy and Energy-
Efficient Mobility
Name: Marc Uhlig
Tel.: +49 (0)30 72 61 65 – 602
E-Mail: M.Uhlig@dena.de
Web:www.dena.de
Geschäftsstelle
Exportinitiative Erneuerbare Energien
im Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft
und Energie (BMWi)
Tel.: 030 18 615- 6401/7386
E-Mail: office@export-erneuerbare.de
Web: www.export-erneuerbare.de
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36. Absender | Die Exportinitiative Erneuerbare Energien | 06.07.2015 |
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37. Research institutions forcast 400 energy
autarc comunities
Absender | Die Exportinitiative Erneuerbare Energien | 06.07.2015 |
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