This document discusses good governance, corporate social responsibility, business ethics, and professional ethics. It begins by defining good governance and its basic characteristics. It then defines corporate social responsibility and explains that CSR activities are important for hiring and retaining employees. However, CSR can also be grounded by opposing objectives of maximizing profits versus social responsibility. The document also discusses business ethics through various case examples and explains how ethical behavior can add value to organizations by increasing trust, transparency, and attracting better employees. It emphasizes the importance of integrity in leadership.

1. Good Governance, Corporate
Social Responsibly (CSR) & Ethics
Jayadeva de Silva.M.Sc,FIPM,FITD
In todays lecture we shall discuss the following:
1 Good Governance
2 Corporate Social Responsibilities (CSR)
3 Business Ethics
4 Professional Ethics
GOVERNENANCE what is it?
The manner in which the state exercises its authority to provide public with
goods and services
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2. What is poor governance?
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Basic characteristics of good governance?
1 Participation
2 Transparency
3 Equity
4 Effectiveness & Efficiency
5 Responsiveness
6 Accountability
7 Access to information
8 Rule of Law
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3. What is Corporate Social responsibility (CSR?)
Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is the process by which businesses
negotiate their role in society.
What are “Ethics?”
In the business world, ethics is the study of morally appropriate behaviors and
decisions, examining what "should be done”
Although the two are linked in most firms, CSR activities are no guarantee of
ethical behavior
Reasons for CSR Activities
CSR activities are important to and even expected by the public and they are
easily monitored worldwide .CSR activities help organizations hire and retain
the people they want. CSR activities contribute to business performance
Dilemma with CSR
CSR are Grounded by Opposing Objectives (Maximize Profits to Balance Profits
with Social Responsibility) and so CSR Activities Range Widely
 Maximize firm’s profits to the exclusion of all else
 Do what it takes to make a profit;
 Skirt the law; fly below social radar
 Fight CSR initiatives
 Comply with legal requirements
 Do more than legally required, e.g., philanthropy
 Articulate social (CSR) objectives
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4.  Integrate social objectives and business goals
 Lead the industry on social objectives
Businesses CSR Activities
•Philanthropy
–give money or time or in kind to charity
–Integrative philanthropy—select beneficiaries aligned with company interests
•Philanthropy will not enhance corporate reputation if a company
–fails to live up to its philanthropic image or
–if consumers perceive philanthropy to be manipulative
Business Ethics
Just Look at the following cases
 -Promoting Sales of a harmful product to school children through
exclusive contracts with schools.
 -Negative implications of Advertisements on School Children.
 -Moral and Ethical obligations of a company to be honest about its
product and services.
 Understanding religious, moral and health concerns of different classes
of customers across the entire product range and geographic operations
by a fast food company.
 The concept of monopolistic practices
Forming an opinion on whether Microsoft’s monopolistic behavior is ethical
or not.
 Maltreatment of employees and sweatshop conditions in Nike’s Asian
Factories
 Role of non-profit organizations/special interest groups in creating
awareness of malpractices of a multinational company.
 Music piracy and its impact on the music industry
Legal and ethical aspects of how Super Cassettes built up a successful
business empire by promoting music piracy.
 Role of Government of India and Madhya Pradesh government in the
Bhopal Gas Disaster and response of Union Corporation after the
disaster.
 Political, Economic and social consequences of liquor on society
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5. Ethical dilemma of the liquor business for the Government, Industry and
Society.
 Johnson & Johnson's public relations campaign after the Tylenol crisis in
1982.
What are Ethics...
A set of Rules that help to tell us the difference between right and wrong and
encourages us to do the right thing. Ethics help people decide best actions to
take in a situation.
Ethical Behaviour-What are the factors that influence ethical behaviour?
What Shapes Ethical Behavior at Work?
-Individual factors
-Organizational factors
-The boss’s influence
-Ethics policies and codes
-The organization’s culture
An Individual’s Ethical behaviour is based on….
-Good character
-Trustworthiness
-Respect
-Responsibility
-Caring for others
-Good citizenship
-Moral rules
-values
Bad Ethics Increases Transaction Costs
Write down ways by which transaction costs go up due to bad ethics
Security
Checking
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Factors affecting ethical decisions
Normative judgments
-Judging something as good or bad, right or wrong, better or worse.
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6. Moral standards (Morality)
-Society’s accepted standards for behaviors that have serious consequences to
its well-being.
-Behaviors that cannot be established or changed by decisions of authoritative
bodies.
-Behaviors that override self-interest.
Ethics and the law
- behavior may be legal but unethical.
- behavior may be illegal but ethical.
- behavior may be both legal and ethical.
- behavior may be both illegal and unethical.
Consider the following situations
Situation -1
Your Friend asks you to add a few extra hours to a work time sheet for him, but
you know that he did not put in the time. What would you do? Who wins and
who loses if you agree to put down the time? How do you feel about it?
Situation -2
A salesperson in an electronics store offers to sell you an iPod after hours at a
very much lower price. What would you do? Who wins and who loses if you
agree to buy it? How do you feel about it?
Ethics in Business
-Business ethics are tied to both society’s ethics and the ethics of individuals.
-Employees, customers, suppliers shareholders etc.
Situation -3
You work for a company that makes cyanide gas. You know this is harmful to
people. Is it unethical for you to make the gas, knowing it is used to poison
people? What about helping the company make a profit? What if workers health
is at risk? Shouldn’t you follow employer’s instructions?
How can Businesses Solve Ethnical Dilemmas?
-Dilemmas- situation with difficult choice or 2 or more options
-Positive and Negative points for every option.
A Code of Ethics
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7. -Business creates a document that explains how employees and management
should respond in different situations.
Principal Causes of Ethical Compromises What are some of the causes for
ethical comprises?
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Employees and Ethical Dilemmas
(Questions employees should ask when faced with ethical dilemmas
-Is the action legal?
-Is it right?
-Who will be affected?
-Does it fit the company’s values?
-How will it “feel” afterwards?
-How will it look in the newspaper?
-Will it reflect poorly on the company?
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8. Ethical Issues Relating to Business
Honesty—communication and behavior consistent with facts
-Disclosure of information
-Promises/commitments
-Laws and professional standards
-Representation of others like shareholders (applies to board members)
Unfair competition
-Refrain from bribes and excessive gifts (that sway judgment)
-Comply with “anti-trust” laws (these relate to pricing, monopolistic practices)
Just compensation
-Respect intellectual property (product piracy)
-Treat employees fairly
Respecting rights of others
-Treat others with fairness and respect regardless of age, religion, ethnic
group, sex, economic status, etc., especially children, women, and
subordinates
-Respect the community you operate in by paying fair share of economic costs
you create
-Respect others and future generations by treating the environment well
Ethical Behavior Adds Value. Explain how?
Better information
-Trust from investors
-Lower costs for audits, controls, investigations
-Better allocation of resources
-Customers will be more loyal
-Lower costs from suppliers
-Attracting and retaining better employees
Fair competition
-Lowers cost of business in economy
-to better decision-making (do what’s best for firm, not one individual)
-Improves competitive nature of a country’s economy
Just compensation
-Creates a more vibrant, entrepreneurial economy
-Attracts and retains better employees
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9. Rights of others
-Draws upon talents of wider set of individuals
-Develops long-term respect from the community
-Maintains the environment for long-term value to all
Some guidelines for ethical conduct (Food for thought)
 -To increase productivity, provide safe and healthy working conditions
 -To inspire trust, make your performance transparent
 -Downsizing labor force is only beneficial when you respect each
stakeholder.
 -To establish your brand name, act as a fair player
 -Reduce the gap between the rich and poor by developing a new social
security system
 -If you act against discrimination, you will increase your productivity and
profitability
 -If you protect intellectual property, all stakeholders will receive their
due share
 -Ongoing changes in information technology require new forms of loyalty
 -Your public relations strategy will only secure your reputation if it
witnesses your drive for quality and excellence.
 -Your economic achievements will only stand on firm ground if you
diminish corruption
 -Long-term success urgently calls you to constantly care for the
environment.
 -To become a refined player, sharpen your discernment and cultivate
good manners
 Care for your business by caring for society.
It’s the right thing to do! Is There Evidence that Ethical Behavior Yields
Increased Value?
Study of 2,100 firms with very strong, well-governed boards of directors
outperformed overall market 15% vs. 12.5% in 2005 .Firms with high level of
“democracy” outperformed “dictatorial” firms by 8% per year in the decade of
the 1990’s.
Philanthropy: Firms that contribute a higher portion of their assets to the
communities in which they reside fare better in an economic downturn.
How Important is Integrity in a Leader?
In a survey of 54,000 people Integrity was by far the number one attribute
desired in a leader
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10. What is Integrity?
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All religions have taught these before us
Judaism: What you hate, do not do to anyone.
Islam: No one of you is a believer until he loves for his brother what he loves
for himself.
Hinduism: Do nothing to thy neighbor which thou wouldst not have him do to
thee.
Sikhism: Treat others as you would be treated yourself.
Buddhism: Hurt not others with that which pains thyself.
Confucius: What you do not want done to yourself, do not do to others.
Aristotle: We should behave to our friends as we wish our friends to behave to
us.
Plato: May I do to others as I would that they should do unto me.
Here is the Golden Rule
TREAT PEOPLE THE WAY
YOU WANT THEM TO TREAT YOU
Your additional Notes
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