![PRESENT SIMPLE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],gone went go subject + 1 > s* he, she, it 3 2 1 subject + 1 I, we, you, they DO WE/YOU/THEY GO ? WE/YOU/THEY DON’T GO WE/YOU/THEY GO DO ES HE/SHE/IT GO ? HE/SHE/IT DO ES N'T GO HE/SHE/IT GO ES DO I / YOU GO ? I / YOU DON'T GO I/ YOU GO INTERROGATIVE NEGATIVE AFFIRMATIVE](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
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Verbal Tenses
- 6. NON-CONTINUOUS OR NON-PROGRESSIVE VERBS Some verbs are rarely used in continuous tenses. I like this music (NOT I’m liking this music) Some other verbs are not used in continuous forms when they have certain meanings. Compare: I’ m seeing the doctor at ten o’clock. I see what you mean. (=I understand what you mean). Most of these non-progressive verbs refer to states rather than actions. Some refer to mental states (e.g. know, think, believe ); some others refer to the use of the senses (e.g. smell, taste ). Here is a list of some common verbs which are not often used in progressive forms (or which are not used in progressive forms with certain meanings).
- 7. PRESENT SIMPLE or PRESENT CONTINUOUS? 1. NOW OR SOMETIMES? 2. TEMPORARY OR PERMANENT? 3. ALWAYS.
- 9. USE: (finished past actions) - action in the past taking place once, never or several times Peter BROKE a window last night. - actions taking place one after another One day the Princess DECIDED that she DIDN’T LIKE staying at home all day, so she TOLD her father that she WANTED to get a job… - action taking place in the middle of another action She PHONED me while I was having a shower. SIGNAL WORDS : yesterday, 2 minutes ago, in 1990, the other day, last Friday
- 11. PAST SIMPLE OR PAST CONTINUOUS?
- 12. PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE HA S HE/SHE/IT GONE ? HE/SHE/IT HA S N'T GONE HE/SHE/IT HAS GONE HAVE WE/YOU/THEY GONE ? WE/YOU/THEY HAVEN’T GONE WE/YOU/THEY HAVE GONE HAVE I / YOU GONE ? I / YOU HAVEN'T GONE I/YOU HAVE GONE INTERROGATIVE NEGATIVE AFFIRMATIVE gone went go subject + HAVE/HAS + 3 IRREGULAR VERBS 3 2 1 subject +HAVE/HAS + 1 + - ed* REGULAR VERBS
- 13. USE: We use the present perfect to say that a finished action or event is connected to the present in some way: - action that is still going on We HAVE BELONGED to the tennis club since we moved here. - action that stopped recently At last! I’VE FINISHED! The plane HAS LANDED. - finished action that has an influence on the present Emma’s computer is working now. She HAS REPAIRED it. I’VE BROKEN my leg. - action that has taken place once, never or several times before the moment of speaking: I HAVE TRAVELLED in Africa a lot. SIGNAL WORDS: already, ever, just, never, not yet, so far, till now, up to now, this week,…
- 14. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS gone went go 3 2 1 subject + have / has + been + 1 + -ing HAVE WE/YOU/THEY BEEN GOING ? WE/YOU/THEY HAVEN’T BEEN GOING WE/YOU/THEY HAVE BEEN GOING HA S HE/SHE/IT BEEN GOING ? HE/SHE/IT HA S N'T BEEN GOING HE/SHE/IT HAS BEEN GOING HAVE I / YOU BEEN GOING ? I / YOU HAVEN'T BEEN GOING I/YOU HAVE BEEN GOING INTERROGATIVE NEGATIVE AFFIRMATIVE
- 16. PAST SIMPLE OR PRESENT PERFECT?
- 17. PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE : putting emphasis on the result PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS : putting emphasis on the course or duration (not the result) PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE OR CONTINUOUS?
- 19. PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS gone went go 3 2 1 subject + had + been + 1 -ING Martin was arrested, even though he HADN’T BEEN DOING anything illegal. USE action that happened over a period of time up to a particular past time, or until shortly before it: She HAD BEEN WEARING high-heeled shoes, and her feet hurt. HAD + Subject+ BEEN GOING? Subject + HADN’T BEEN GOING Subject + HAD BEEN GOING INTERROGATIVE NEGATIVE AFFIRMATIVE
- 20. PAST SIMPLE AND PAST PERFECT SIMPLE.
- 21. PAST PERFECT SIMPLE We use it for a complete action. We are thinking of the result. PAST PERCECT CONTINUOUS We use it for an action over a period of time. We are thinking of the action going on. PAST PERFECT SIMPLE OR PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS? Emma’s hand ached because she HAD BEEN USING the computer. When I finally served the meal, I’D BEEN COOKING for hours. Her work looked really neat because she’D USED the computer. I felt quite proud that I’D COOKED a meal for eight people.
- 23. SHALL can only be used in the first person, after I or WE I WILL BE/ I SHALL BE on holiday in August. FUTURE SIMPLE: WILL NEGATIVE CONTRACTION: WILL NOT = WON'T gone went go 3 2 1 subject + will + 1 Will they go ? They won't go They will go Will you go ? You won't go You will go Will we go ? We won't go We will go Will it go ? It won't go It will go Will she go ? She won't go She will go Will he go ? He won't go He will go Will you go ? You won't go You will go Will I go ? I won't go I will go INTERROGATIVE NEGATIVE AFFIRMATIVE
- 25. WILL OR GOING TO? DECISIONS AND INTENTIONS. PREDICTIONS.
- 26. FUTURE CONTINUOUS SIGNAL WORDS : in one year, next week, tomorrow gone went go 3 2 1 subject + will be + 1 > " ing " Will they be going ? They will not be going They will be going Will you be going ? You will not be going You will be going Will we be going ? We will not be going We will be going Will it be going ? It will not be going It will be going Will she be going ? She will not be going She will be going Will he be going ? He will not be going He will be going Will you be going ? You will not be going You will be going Will I be going ? I will not be going I will be going INTERROGATIVE NEGATIVE AFFIRMATIVE