1. Late Antiquity

2. Good Shepherd
Catacomb of Pietro and Marcellino, Rome,
Italy
early 4th century
fresco

3. Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus
from Rome, Italy
ca. 359
marble
3 ft. 10 1/2 in. x 8 ft.

4. Old Saint Peter’s Basilica (plan)
Rome, Italy
ca. 320
1. Nave
2. Aisles
3. Apse
4. Transept
5. Narthex
6. Atrium

5. Santa Costanza
Rome, Italy
ca. 337-351

6. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia
Ravenna, Italy
ca. 425

7. Christ as the Good Shepherd
from the entrance wall of the Mausoleum of Galla Placidia
Ravenna, Italy
ca. 425
tessera mosaic

8. Rossano Gospels
early 6th century
tempera on purple vellum
11 x 10 1/4 in.

9. Suicide of Judas and Crucifixion
from a casket
ca. 420
ivory
3 x 3 7/8 in.

10. BYZANTINE ART
The four F’s
• FLAT
• FORMAL
• FRONTAL
• FLOATING

11. Anthemius of Tralles & Isidorus of Miletus
Hagia Sophia
Constantinpole, (Istanbul), Turkey
532-537

12. Anthemius of Tralles &
Isidorus of Miletus
Hagia Sophia
Constantinpole, (Istanbul), Turkey
532-537
pendentive

13. San Vitale
Ravenna, Italy
526-547

14. San Vitale
Ravenna, Italy
526-547

15. Justinian, Bishop Maximianus and attendants
north wall apse mosaic, San Vitale
Ravenna, Italy
ca. 547
mosaic

16. Theodora and attendants
south wall apse mosaic, San Vitale
Ravenna, Italy
ca. 547
mosaic

17. Saint Apollinaris amid sheep
Sant’Apollinare in Classe
Ravenna, Italy
533-549
mosaic

18. Transfiguration of Jesus
apse mosaic, Church of the Virgin
Monastery of Saint Catherine
Mount Sinai, Egypt
ca. 565
mosaic
mandorla

19. Virgin (Theotokos) and Child
between Saints Theodore and George, icon
From Monastery of Saint Catherine
Mount Sinai, Egypt
6th or early 7th century
encaustic on wood
2 ft. 3 in. x 1 ft. 7 3/8 in.

20. Justinian as world conqueror
(Barberini Ivory)
mid-6th century
ivory
1 ft. 1 1/2 in. x 10 1/2 in.
-narrative
-classical influence

21. Saint Michael the Archangel
early-6th century
ivory
1 ft. 5 in. x 5 1/2 in.
-space
-classical influence
-patron saint of Hagia Sophia

22. Pantocrator
dome mosaic
in the Church of the Dormition
Daphni, Greece
ca. 1090-1100
mosaic

23. Pantocrator
Cathedral at Monreale
Monreale, Sicily, Italy
ca. 1180-1190
mosaic

24. Virgin (Theotokos) and Child, icon
Late 11th to early 12th century
tempera on wood
2 ft. 6 1/2 in. x 1 ft. 9 in.

25. Andrei Rublyev
Three Angels, icon
ca. 1410
tempera on wood
4 ft. 8 in. x 3 ft. 9 in.

26. Early Medieval Art
Tribes
Vikings
Hiberno-Saxons
Carolingian
Ottonian

27. Purse cover
from the Sutton Hoo ship burial
Suffolk, England
ca. 625
gold, glass and enamel cloisonné with garnets and emeralds
7 1/2 in. long
Compare to Islamic interlace patterns

28. Animal-Head Post
Oseberg, Norway
ca. 825
wood
approximately 5 in. high
VIKING

29. Cross and Carpet page
Lindisfarne Gospels
Northumbria, England
ca. 698 - 721
tempera on vellum
13 1/2 x 9 1/4 in.
Hiberno-Saxon (Celtic)

30. Chi-rho-iota page
Book of Kells
from Iona, Scotland
8th - 9th centuries
tempera on vellum
13 x 9 1/2 in.
*Horror Vacui – latin for
“fear of empty spaces”

31. Equestrian portrait of Charlemagne(?)
from Metz, France
early 9th century
bronze, originally gilt
9 1/2 in. high
CAROLINGIAN

32. St. Matthew
Coronation Gospels
Aachen, Germany
ca. 800-810
ink and tempera on vellum
12 3/4 x 10 in.

33. Saint Matthew
Ebbo Gospels
Hautvillers, France
ca. 816 - 835
ink and tempera on vellum
10 1/4 x 8 3/4 in.

34. Odo of Metz
Interior of the Palatine Chapel
of Charlemagne
Aachen, Germany
ca. 792-805

35. Abbey Church of St. Michael’s
Hildesheim, Germany
ca. 1001-1031
OTTONIAN

36. Doors with relief panels
Genesis, left door - Christ, right door
Hildesheim, Germany
ca. 1001-1031

37. Crucifix
commissioned by Archbishop Gero
Cologne Cathedral, Germany
ca. 970
painted wood
6 ft. 2 in. high

38. Otto III enthroned
Gospel Book of Otto III
from Trier, Germany
ca. 997-1000
tempera on vellum
13 x 9 3/8 in.

39. Romanesque
• Build it (block by block) and they will
come
Church building
Stone masonry, new vaulting
techniques, “blocky” appearance
pilgrimages

40. plan of Saint Etienne
Vignory, France
ca. 1050-1057
Radiating chapels

41. Saint-Sernin
Toulouse, France
ca. 1070-1120

42. Interior of Saint-Sernin
Toulouse, France
ca. 1070-1120
Interior of Santa Sabina, 422, Rome
*compartments of
space replaced long flat
walls

43. Cloister of Saint-Pierre
Moissac, France
ca. 1100-1115
marble
piers approximately 6 ft. high
Historiated capitals

44. Christ in Majesty
with angels and the Twenty-Four
Elders
Tympanum of the south portal of
Saint-Pierre
Moissac, France
marble
ca. 1115-1135
approximately 16 ft. 6 in. wide at base

45. Gislebertus
Last Judgment (plaster cast)
West tympanum of Saint-Lazare
Autun, France
ca. 1120-1135
marble
approximately 21’ wide at base

46. Initial R with knight fighting dragon
from the Moralia in Job
from Cîteaux, France
ca. 1115-1125
ink and tempera on vellum
13 3/4 x 9 1/4 in.

47. Virgin and Child ( Morgan Madonna)
from Auvergne, France
second half of twelfth century
painted wood
2 ft. 7 in. high

48. Interior of Speyer Cathedral
Speyer,Germany
begun 1030
nave vaults ca.1082-1106
Groin vaults
1st Romanesque church in Germany
• Stone roof
• Typical arches and bays
• 1st building constructed entirely of stone
in Europe

49. The Vision of Hildegard of Bingen
Detail of facsimile of a lost folio
in the Scivias by Hildegard of Bingen
from Trier or Bingen, Germany
ca. 1050-1079
*Role of women in
Romanesque Europe

50. Pisa Cathedral complex
Pisa, Italy
cathedral begun 1063
baptistery begun 1153
campanile begun 1174
baptistery
cathedral campanile

51. Baptistery of San Giovanni
Florence, Italy
Ca. 1059

52. Wiligelmo
Creation of Adam and Eve, frieze on the west façade, Modena Cathedral
Modena, Italy
ca. 1110
marble
approximately 3 ft. high

53. West façade of Saint-Etienne
Caen, France
begun 1067, ca. 1115-1120
* William the Conqueror buried here in 1087

54. Interior of Saint-Etienne (elevation)
Caen, France
ca. 1115-1120
The THREE TIERS OF
CHURCH BAYS
Clerestory
Gallery
Nave/Arcade

55. Exterior of Durham Cathedral
Durham, England
begun ca. 1093
Legacy of William the
Conqueror (Norman
Conquest of England in
1066)

56. Interior of Durham Cathedral
Durham, England
begun ca. 1093
ENGLISH INNOVATION: Rib vaults
• Long narrow nave
• Huge composite piers alternate with carved
columns
• Stone ribs strengthened groin vaults carry
more weight
• Strong VERTICAL emphasis  Gothic
predecessor

57. Funeral of Edward the Confessor
procession to Westminster Abbey
detail of the Bayeux Tapestry
From Bayeux Cathedral, Bayeux, France
ca. 1070-1080
embroidered wool on linen
229 ft. 8 in. overall
Misnomer – actually an embroidery

58. Eadwine the Scribe(?)
Eadwine the Scribe at work
folio 283 verso of the Eadwine Psalter
ca. 1160-1170
ink and tempera on vellum
Signing work vs. anonymity: The role of
the individual artist