1. Advanced Inspection by
Acoustic Emission (AE)
On-Line or Off-Line

3. Our AE testing method is approved by:
 ASTM - American Society for Testing and Materials
 ASME - American Society of Mechanical Engineers
 European Committee for Standardization
 International Organization for Standardization
 Japanese Institute for Standardization
 Japanese Society for Nondestructive Inspection

4. Inspection can be performed On-Line (!!)
during normal operating conditions.
Applicable for:
 Piping – metal, concrete, plastics – all sizes, above ground or
under ground
 Heat exchangers
 Storage tanks, including hazardous material
 Pressure vessels, including towers and reactors
 Isolated equipment
 FRP (Fiberglass) equipment (vessels, pipes)
 Glass lined equipment

5. Absolute identification of flaws and defects –
size and location :
 Corrosion
 Micro-cracks
 Holes
 Blockages
 Deformation

6. Acoustic Emission
• Acoustic Emission (AE) is a
phenomenon of sound and
ultrasound wave radiation in
materials that undergo
deformation or fracture
processes.
• Cracking, plastic deformation
development, fracture and de-
bonding of hard inclusions are
examples of macroscopic sources
of AE in metals.
• Friction and impacts are
examples of mechanical AE
sources.
Force
AE SensorAE Sensor
Crack
AE wavesAE waves
Friction
AE SensorAE Sensor
AE waves
Meters
MaterialSourcesMechanicalSources

7. Time-Difference Location Principle
AE waves AE waves
AE SensorAE Sensor
Flaw
d
D
 
1
2
distance from first hit sensor
D = distance between sensors
wave velocity
d D T V
d
V
   



8. AE Activity Classification
a b
Amplitude (mVolt) vs. Time (μsec) Amplitude (mVolt) vs. Time (msec)
c d
Amplitude (mVolt) vs. Time (μsec) Amplitude (mVolt) vs. Time (msec)

9. SENTRO Approved AE Standards:ASME - American Society of Mechanical Engineers
• Acoustic Emission Examination of Fiber-Reinforced Plastic Vessels, Article 11, Subsection A, Section V, Boiler and Pressure Vessel
Code
• Acoustic Emission Examination of Metallic Vessels During Pressure Testing, Article 12, Subsection A, Section V, Boiler and Pressure
Vessel Code
• Continuous Acoustic Emission Monitoring, Article 13 Section V
ASTM - American Society for Testing and Materials
• E569-97 Standard Practice for Acoustic Emission Monitoring of Structures During Controlled Stimulation
• E749-96 Standard Practice for Acoustic Emission Monitoring During Continuous Welding
• E1067-96 Standard Practice for Acoustic Emission Examination of Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic Resin (FRP) Tanks/Vessels
• E1118-95 Standard Practice for Acoustic Emission Examination of Reinforced Thermosetting Resin Pipe (RTRP)
• E1139-97 Standard Practice for Continuous Monitoring of Acoustic Emission from Metal Pressure Boundaries
• E1211-97 Standard Practice for Leak Detection and Location Using Surface-Mounted Acoustic Emission Sensors
• E1419-00 Standard Test Method for Examination of Seamless, Gas-Filled, Pressure Vessels Using Acoustic Emission
• E1932-97 Standard Guide for Acoustic Emission Examination of Small Parts.
• E2661 / E2661M - 10 Standard Practice for Acoustic Emission Examination of Plate-like and Flat Panel Composite Structures Used in
Aerospace Applications.
European Committee for Standardization
• DIN EN 14584, Non-Destructive Testing – Acoustic Emission – Examination of Metallic Pressure Equipment during Proof Testing;
Planar Location of AE Sources.
International Organization for Standardization
• ISO/DIS 16148, gas Cylinders – Refillable Seamless Steel gas Cylinders – Acoustic Emission Examination (AEE) for Periodic Inspection.
Japanese Institute for Standardization
• JIS Z 2342, Methods for Acoustic Testing of Pressure Vessels during Pressure Tests and Classification of Test Results.
Japanese Society for Nondestructive Inspection
• NDIS 2412-80, Acoustic Emission Testing of Spherical Pressure Vessels of High Tensile Strength Steel and Classification of Test
Results.

10. Acoustic Emission by Industries

11. AE Monitoring Hydro-Turbines in Operation

12. AE Monitoring of Hydrotreating
Reactors
A B C
D
E
AE21
AE19
AE20
AE23
AE22
AE24

13. AE Diagnostics and Monitoring of Operating Reactor
IndicationIndication
Friction
Amplitude,mVolts
Time, sec
Amplitude,mVolts
Time, sec
a b

14. Storage Tanks AE monitoring

15. b
Results – corrosion mapping and a
detailed inspection report

16. FRP pressure vessel monitoring

17. Petroleum Piping AE inspection

18. 23
a
24 25 26 27 2823
23
a
24 25 26 27 2823
7 14 21 28 35
Amplitude
X-position, meters

19. FRP Pipeline AE inspection in Operation

20. Fiberglass Vessels AE inspection

21. SUMMARY:
SENTRO’s Acoustic Emission Testing can be
performed On-Line or Off-Line
Two-Step On-Line inspection:
(1)Under normal working pressure
(2)Under working pressure + 10%

22. On-Line or Off-Line AE testing applications:
• Piping and pipeline (metal, concrete, plastics), all sizes, above
ground or underground.
• Pressure Vessels, Water tanks, Waste Tanks, Reactors, Storage
Tanks, Towers, Boilers.
• Isolated equipment, non-metal (Concrete, FRP or other plastics)

23. Thank you for your time.
SENTRO TECHNOLOGIES USA, LLC
2372 Morse Ave, Suite 200, Irvine, CA 92614
WWW.SENTRO-TECH.COM
INFO@SENTRO-TECH.COM