Defination of Financial Management Major Areas Corporates Corporate Structure Corporate Objectives & Strategy Factors influencing Corporate Objectives Primary vs Secondary Objectives Strategies(Corporate) / Tactical (Functional) Role Of a Financial Manager

1. Financial Management & Goal
Presented by
Muhammad Usman

2. Business And Finance:
A financial system that channels resources into socially useful and productive
activities that respect environmental limits.
Businesses are powerful agents for innovation and must be part of the solution.
What Is Finance?
Finance is the study of how investors allocate their assets over time under
conditions of certainty and uncertainty. A key point in finance, which affects
decisions, is the time value of money, which states that a dollar today is worth
more than a dollar tomorrow. Finance measures the risks vs. profits and gives an
indication of whether the investment is good or not.
Financial Management & Goals

3. • 1. A branch of economics concerned with resource allocation as well
as resource management, acquisition and investment. Simply, finance deals with
matters related to money and the markets.
• 2. To raise money through the issuance and sale of debt and/or equity.
Defination:
Definition Of Financial Management:
The Planning, directing, monitoring,
organizing, and controlling of the
monetary resources of an organization.
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4. The areas and opportunity can be divided into two broader catagories.
Financial services
Managerial Finance
1). Financial services:
The area of finance concerned with the design and delivery of advice and financial
products to individual business and government.
2). Managerial Finance:
Concerned with the duties of the financial manager in the business firm.
Financial Manager:
Actively mange the financial affairs of any type of business, weather financial or
nonfinancial, private or public, large or small, profit seeking or not-for- profit.
Major Area And Opportunity In Finanace

5. The three most common legal form of business organization are:
The sole proprietorship
The partnership
The corporation.
Sole Proprietorship:
A business owned by one person and operated for his or her own profit. This is the
easiest form of business to set up, and the easiest to dissolve. Sole proprietor have
unlimited liabilities.
Partnership:
A business owned by two or more person and operated for profit. The written
contract used to formally establish a business partnership. In partnership business
one partner has unlimited liabilities. The partner with unlimited liability is
generally the initial person who started the partnership and owns the majority of
the company.
Legal Forms Of Business Organization

6. Corporation:
A corporation is created under the laws of a state as a separate legal entity that has
privileges and liabilities that are distinct from those of its members.
There are many different forms of corporations.
Many corporations are established for business purposes but public bodies, charities
and clubs are often corporations as well.
Corporations take many forms including:
 Statutory Corporations
 Corporations Sole
 Joint-stock Companies
 Co-operatives
An important contemporary feature of a corporation is limited liability. If a corporation
fails, shareholders may lose their investments, and employees may lose their jobs, but
neither will be liable for debts to the corporation's creditors.

7. Stockholders:
The owner of a corporation, whose ownership, or equity, is evidenced by either
Common stock or Preferred stock.
Common Stock:
The purest and most basic form of corporate ownership.
Dividend:
Periodic distribution of earning to the stockholders of a firm.
Board of Director:
Group elected by the firm`s stockholders and typically responsible for developing
strategic goals and plans, setting general policy, guiding corporate affairs,
approving major expenditures, and hiring/firing, compensating, and monitoring
key officers and executives.

8. President Or Chief Executive Officer ( CEO):
CEO is responsible for managing day to day operation and carrying out the policies
established by the board of directors. The CEO is required to reports periodically to
the firm`s directors.

9. Organizational Structure:
Stockholders
Board Of
Directors
President (
CEO )
Vice President
Human
Resource
Vice President
Manufacturing
Vice President
Finance ( CFO)
Treasurer
Capital
Expenditure
Manager
Financial
Planing &
Fund-Raising
Manager
Credit Manger
Cash Manager
Foreign
Exchange
Manager
Pension Fund
Manger
Controller
TaxManager
Corporate
Accounting
Manager
Cost
Accounting
Manager
Financial
Accounting
Manager
Vice President
Marketing
Vice President
Information
Resources

10. what the business wants to achieve. Business strategy is about how those
corporate objectives are to be achieved.
Business strategy is concerned with deciding which markets and activities the
business should be involved in:
where it wants to be
how it is going to get there.
Strategy is about making high-level decisions and forms the management game
plan for:
 Satisfying customers (meeting customer needs)
 Running the business (organizing resources in the most efficient and effective
way)
 Beating the competition (strategies and tactics to gain competitive advantage)
 Achieving corporate objectives
Corporate Objectives And Strategy

11. Corporate objectives are set at the high level and are quite distinct from any more
detailed functional objectives set for the functional areas of a business.
Examples of corporate objectives would include targets for:
Sales Revenue:
 A traditional measure of the size and strength of a business
 If revenue is growing then the business is growing
Profit:
 Both the absolute level of profit and the profit margin i.e. return on sales
Return On Investment:
 Particularly important for capital-intensive businesses
Growth:
 Sales Volume,
 Revenue,
 Profit,
 Earnings per share

12. Market share:
 Proportion of markets and industries owned by the business or
its products.
Cash flow:
 This can be similar to a profit objective, but with the focus on
maximizing the net cash inflow of the business.
Shareholder value:
 Particularly important for publicly
 Quoted businesses where senior management are tasked with
growing the value of the business.
Corporate image & reputation:
Increasingly important:
 links closely with corporate social responsibility,
 product and customer service quality
 business ethics

14. Primary
Objectives:
•The
ultimate, long
term goals of
the business
(3-10 years
typically)
These are
the key
strategic
objectives such
as profit growth
or shareholder
returns
Secondary
Objectives:
•Make a direct
contribution to
meeting primary
objectives
E.g. sales growth
will help business
achieve profit
target
Also known as
tactical objectives
Usually focused on
the short or
medium-term
(1-3 years)
Corporate objectives can also be considered the main or primary objectives of a
business. The set the agenda for the secondary objectives:
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15. STRATEGIC (CORPORATE)
 Focused on long-term
 Set by the Board
 Involve higher risk & uncertainty
 Likely to involve significant
investment / business
resources
 Difficult to change in the short-
term
 Stretching & challenging
 Focused on short-term
 Set by line management
 Relatively low-risk
 Limited resources invested
 Relatively easy to change at
minor financial cost
 Realistic & achievable.
TACTICAL (FUNCTIONAL)
A similar distinction can also be made between strategic (corporate) and
tactical (functional) objectives:
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16. FINANCIAL MANAGER:
A financial manager is responsible for providing financial advice and support to
colleagues and clients to enable them to make sound business decisions. The role
of the financial manager is more than simply accounting; it is multifunctional.
Financial managers must understand all aspects of the business so that they are
able to adequately advise and support the chief executive officer in decision-
making and ensuring company growth and profitability.
ROLES OF FINANCIAL MANAGERS:
Almost every firm, government agency, or other type of organization has one or
more financial managers.
 Financial managers oversee the preparation of financial reports, direct
investment activities, and implement cash management strategies.
 They also implement the long-term goals of their organization.
 Many corporations operate multifunctional teams where the financial manager
is responsible for a particular division or function, or looks after a range of
departments and functions. Financial managers often have specific roles and titles:
Role Of Financial Managers:

17.  Controllers prepare financial reports and analyses of future earnings or expenses
that summarize the organization’s financial position. Controllers are also in charge
of preparing special reports required by regulatory authorities—especially
important because of the Sarbanes–Oxley Act, designed in part to protect
investors from fraud.
 Treasurers and finance officers direct and oversee budgets, monitor the
investment of funds, manage associated risks, supervise cash management
activities, execute capital raising strategies, and deal with mergers and
acquisitions.
 Risk and insurance managers administer programs to minimize risks and losses
that could arise from financial transactions and business operations.
 Credit managers supervise the firm’s issuance of credit, fix credit-rating criteria,
determine credit limits, and monitor the collection of past-due accounts.
 Cash managers supervise and manage the flow of cash receipts and
disbursements to meet business and investment needs.

18. The financial manager’s role, particularly in business, is changing in response to
technological advances that have significantly reduced the time it takes to produce
financial reports. Financial managers now perform more data analysis to offer
senior management ideas on how to maximize profits.
They play an increasingly significant role in mergers and acquisitions and in
related financing, and in areas that require wide-ranging, focused knowledge to
diminish risks and maximize profit.

19. ADVANTAGES:
 Financial managers improve business
organization and risk management by
providing reassurance on the effectiveness
and efficiency of operations, financial
reporting, and compliance with applicable
laws and regulations.
 Financial managers provide management
with an in-depth and unbiased understanding
of risks that the organization may be facing,
allowing for preemptive planning.
 Financial managers give company officers
and directors forewarning of ethical and legal
issues that may affect the organization.
 Although they are meant to be independent
and impartial, financial managers are paid by
the company and are an integral part of the
company management; this can lead to
conflicts of interest when advising senior
management on, for example, investment risk.
 Financial managers’ judgments, estimates,
and interpretations are not always objective
because of their close relationship with the
organization for which they work.
DISADVANTAGES:
Advantages And Disadvantages
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20. Conclusion:
The Financial Management describes the principal processes in managing the
financial aspect of the IT organization, addresses financial risk as part of these
processes, and discusses the means to measure the value realized from IT
solutions.
The major financial management processes described by the Financial
Management are:
 Establish service requirements and plan budget.
 Manage finances.
 Perform IT accounting and reporting.

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