1. Types of Research
There are three types of research. These are basic research, applied research, and developmental
research.
1. Basic research.” This is also called as “fundamental research” or “pure research.” It seeks to
discover basic truths or principles. It is intended to add to the body of scientific knowledge by
exploring the unknown to extend the boundaries of knowledge as well as to discover new facts,
and learn more accurately the characteristics of known without any particular thought as to
immediate practical utility. In other words, the results of basic research in theoretical knowledge
have no immediate usefulness or value to man. Some examples of basic researches are as
follows:
Boyle’s law. Robert Boyle’s law states that “If the temperature remains constant,
the volume of a confined gas is inversely proportional to the pressure.”
Charles’ Law. Jacques Charles’ Law states that “The volume of a dry gas is
directly proportional to the Kelvin temperature, provided the pressure remains
constant.”
Archimedes principle. Aristotle Archimedes discovered what is known as
Archimedes Law of Buoyancy. He stated that “An object in a liquid will
experience a buoyant force just equal to the weight of the liquid displaced.” He
extended his principle further as “An object with float if the buoyant force of the
earth for the object.”
Hooke’s Law. Robert Hooke’s law states that “Within the limit of perfect
elasticity, strain is directly proportional to stress.”
Newton’s Law. Isaac Newton conducted pure research known as Newton’s Law
of motion which states that “A body at rest remains at rest and a body in motion
will continue to move with the same velocity in a straight line unless acted upon
by an external force.”
2. Applied research. This type of research involves seeking new applications of scientific
knowledge to the solution of a problem, such as the development of a new system or produce,
new device, or new method in order to solve the problem. In other words, applied research
produces knowledge of practical use to man. For instance, fish wastes pollution problem. Fish
bone meal as wastes or offal of boneless milkfish, goatfish tapa, tilapia fillet, boneless siganid,
canned sardines, canned tuna, and many others are great problems in the community. The people
in the community always smell putrid odor which is unhealthful. To solve this problem,
utilization and commercialization of fish bone meals as offal of boneless milkfish, goatfish, tapa,
canned sardines, canned tuna and many others into fish value-added products are conducted.
Hence, fish wastes utilization is applied research because a new method and new procedure are
applied to solve into food items.
Another problem is gas shortage. To solve this problem, research on the production of gas is
conducted to roll back the prices of oil.
3. Developmental research. This is a decision-oriented research involving the application of the

2. steps of the scientific method in response to an immediate need to improve existing practices.
This process involves practitioners who study a certain problem in vivo and from such
experience draw their decisions and development as well as evaluation. In other words, if a
researcher continues to find practical applications from theoretical knowledge and use this
existing knowledge to produce useful products it is called development research. Research and
development (R and D) often refers to activities in this field performed or sponsored by funding
agencies. For instance, the culture of seaweeds, particular Eucheuma using staking method has
existed in a particular locality. This can be improved by using lantay method.