The document discusses the history and evolution of the pharmaceutical industry in India. It notes that pharmacy education must adapt to meet future needs of the profession by integrating new technologies and ensuring adequate training. There is currently a shortage of pharmacists that is projected to worsen, and challenges include expanding faculty, training sites, and financing education programs. The pharmaceutical industry in India has grown significantly but still faces challenges in research and development. Government initiatives aim to support further growth, though foreign investment will also be important to meet future needs.

1. PHARMACY EDUCATION AND PRACTISE
CHALLENGES TO MEET FUTURE PROFESSIONAL NEEDS
ByJAIDEEP SARKAR
JAIPUR NATIONAL UNIVERSITY

2. Pharmaceutical Industry -An Overview
Pharmaceutical Industry the propeller for other Industries

3. HISTORY
In around 1640 BC Dhanvantari wrote a treatise on Medicine,
Pharmaceutics, & surgery.
AYURVEDA
SUSHRUTHA
CHARAKA
During around 500 BC Buddhist Monks spread to
the rest of the world
The History of Pharmaceutical Indus can be traced to 1600 BC

4. Modern day Medication
 Modern day Medication more than 350 years old
 In 1901 Acharya P.C. Ray started first Indian Pharmaceutical company
 1970s saw the emergence of Indian Pharmaceutical Industry. Research &
Development in later part of 19th Century and 20th Century.
 This led to the expansion of Bulk Drug Industry
 Present global market size $ 825 Billion growing @ 4 to 6 %
 India 3rd largest producer of Pharmaceuticals having 10%
of the global share.
 Cardiovascular segment dominates the sales with 50%
share and Anti Diabetic segment has a share of 22 %

5. Pharmaceutical Education
•
Pharmaceutical biotechnology, pharmacogenomics, combinatorial chemistry, screening
technologies, and bioinformatics are major advances that give a new direction to
pharmaceutical sciences.
•
Pharmaceutical education has to set new priorities to keep pace with the challenges
related to genomic technologies.
•
Educators and pharmacy school members have the responsibility of deciding how, to
what extent, by which methods, and/or in which way these changes and new directions
in the education programs should be developed.
•
Need to better integrate internationally educated pharmacists within the domestic
workforce and professional development and maintenance of competency of
practitioners.

6. Reasons of strong education system
• Changes in medical environments such as collapse of doctors' paternalism
• To meet these social needs the education of students in pharmaceutical colleges should
be reconstructed extensively from a traditional research-oriented system to a patientcentered system, applied pharmacotherapy is to be strengthened and enforced.
• The pharmacy academy is well positioned to prepare graduates to become more
proactive in creating a safer health care environment for patients.
A drastic reform of pharmacist education should be brought in effect.

7. Indian Pharmaceutical Evolution
Phase V
Phase IV
Phase III
Development Phase
•Process
development
Phase II
Government Control
Early Years
•Market share
domination by
foreign companies
•Relative absence
of organized Indian
companies
•New IP law
•Rapid expansion of
domestic market
•Discovery Research
•International market
development
•Indian Patent Act –
1970
Phase I
Innovation and Research
Growth Phase
•Production
infrastructure
creation
•Drug prices capped
•Convergence
•Export initiatives
•Research orientation
•Local companies begin
to make an impact
1970
1980
1990
2000
2010

8. Pharmacists Roles in Patient Care
•
Pharmacists as drug therapy managers
•
Assessing, counseling and monitoring drug therapy
•
Dealing with medication misadventures: $177 billion drug morbidity/mortality
•
Overseeing medication management systems
•
Delivering pharmaceutical care: could save over $105 billion annually if universally
available
•
Continued creation of opportunities for new service development in the community:
•
Residency programs in community practice
•
Participation in demonstration projects, e.g. Patient Self-Management: Diabetes
•
Partnerships with education and practice organizations

9. Market Structure
• Indian - Bulk Drugs & Formulation M/S Market
Share

10. Pharmacist Supply
Current and Projected Need for Pharmacists
2001: 200,000 active pharmacists
2020 projection: 260,000 active pharmacists
2001
Estimated
Deployment
2020 Forecast Need
136,400
100,000
Order
fulfillment
(Dispensing)
Based on new graduates, adjusted for those
leaving; assumes 20% enrollment growth
existing schools and 3 new ones in addition to
those slated to open
Outpatient prescriptions: 7,500,000,000
(+5%/yr)
Hospital drug orders: 3,000,000,000 (+2.5%/yr)
Patient Care
48,000
295,000
Other
12,300
22,000
Total Need
196,700
417,000
Total Supply
Projected
Shortfall
260,000
157,000
Community Pharmacy, 2020: 7,500,000,000
prescriptions
172,000 community pharmacists
43,604 Rx/pharmacist/year
One prescription every 2 ¾ minutes
Hospital Pharmacy, 2020:
3,000,000,000 orders
65,000 hospital pharmacists
46,154 Rx/pharmacist/year
One order every 2 minutes

11. Challenges for Educators
•
.
Faculty needs: new models & partnerships with
practice
•
Training sites: new models, residencies
•
Curriculum to address distributive/patient care
roles
•
Technology application to both: e.g. distance
education
•
Sharing resources across institutions
•
Financing for expansion in era of state budget
issues
•
A strong background in basic science is
sufficient for an entry level since materials
science, processing and product development
experiences
Research enterprise

12. Implications for Educators: How
to Expand the Profession?
• Good news: today’s graduates are being educated at level
consistent with profession’s long-term patient care vision
• Many new opportunities for pharmacists, especially with
doctoral level training

13. Enrollments by Expected Graduation Year
10000
9000
8000
7000
6000
PharmD
BS Pharmacy
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
2000
2001
2002
2003
Year*
2004
2005
2006
*Data for expected graduation for years 2003-06 from Profile of Pharm acy Students Fall 2002. For years 2000-02 from
Profile of Pharm acy Students Fall 1999.

14. Challenges for Industry
 Regulatory obstacles
 Lack of proper infrastructure
 Lack of qualified professionals
 Expensive research equipments
 Lack of academic collaboration
 Underdeveloped molecular discovery program
 Divide between the industry and study curriculum

15. Indian - Bulk Drugs Formulation Large
Sales Turnover and Reported Net Profit on 2010 (in Rs. Crore)
Source: Capitalline

16. There is a current shortage of entry-level scientists
with an appropriate background in product
development and pharmaceutical technology.

17. Government Initiatives
The government of India has undertaken several including policy initiatives and tax
breaks for the growth of the pharmaceutical business in India. Some of the
measures adopted are:
1. Pharmaceutical units are eligible for weighted tax reduction at 150% for the
research and development expenditure obtained.
2. Two new schemes namely, New Millennium Indian Technology Leadership
Initiative and the Drugs and Pharmaceuticals Research Program have been
launched by the Government.
3. The Government is contemplating the creation of SRV or special purpose vehicles
with an insurance cover to be used for funding new drug research
4. The Department of Pharmaceuticals is mulling the creation of drug research
facilities which can be used by private companies for research work on rent

18. Indian - Bulk Drugs & Formulation Large
• Market Share at Present
TOP TEN INDIAN COMAPNIES
1. Ranbaxy Labs
2. Cipla
3. Dr Reddy’s Labs
4. Aurobindo Pharma
5. Piramal Health
6.Sun Pharma Inds.
7. Wockhardt
8. Cardila Heath
9. Ipca Labs
10. Torrent Pharma

19. Indian Pharma Industry – Future
Scenario
•
The Indian pharma industry is still trying to come to terms with the
new patent regime.
•
Over the next 5 years, will continue to grow by at least twice the
rate of global growth.
•
Retail segment will be the fastest growing segment.
•
There will be a significant increase in the clinical trials and
diagnostics outsourcing.
•
A significant window of opportunity will be available expiring
patents.

20. R&D Expenditure(in Rs. Crore) over 10
years

21. To meet future professional needs- also
requires Foreign Investment
– Indian drug industry has in the last five years seen half a dozen big takeovers by
foreign companies.
– $3.6 billion acquisition of promoters’ stake in Ranbaxy Laboratories by Japan’s
Daiichi Sankyo Co. Ltd.
–
US drug maker Mylan Inc. paid $734 million to acquire Hyderabad-based Matrix
Laboratories
– German health care group Fresenius SE spent $219 million to take over Dabur
Pharma .
– US drug and nutrition firm Abbott Laboratories paid $3.72 billion to acquire
Piramal Healthcare Ltd’s domestic drug formulation business and spent $726
million to buy out Ahmedabad-based consumer health company Paras
Pharmaceuticals.
–
French drug multinational Sanofi-Aventis SA acquired a majority stake in Indian
vaccines company Shanta Biotech for €550 million

22. VISION 2020
•
•
•
•
Essential drugs at affordable prices are
available and also continue providing
employment for millions.
Major global player in the field of
pharmaceuticals exports and as a
provider of quality medicines at low
costs.
Major player in the generic drugs
market in USA and Europe.
Attain new heights in herbal drugs
research in shaping Indian Systems of
Medicine into a popular system of
medicine of the future for holistic
health care and ensuring health care
for all - especially for the welfare of
the poor.