Opium and its derivatives like morphine and heroin are highly addictive drugs derived from the opium poppy plant. Opium has been used for thousands of years as a pain reliever and recreational drug. While it can provide pain relief and euphoria, long term use carries serious health risks like overdose and disease. The global trade of opium and heroin is a multi-billion dollar industry involving illegal drug trafficking organizations. Efforts to curb illegal opium production and heroin use through law enforcement have had limited success.

1. Dylan Hughes
Bio 101

2. What is Opium
• A highly addictive
drug refined from
opium poppies.
• Also from the Poppy
we can refine
Morphine, Codeine,
thebaine, and
Papverine.
• Opium can be made
into Heroin which is
even more potent
than normal opium

3. MEDICAL
NARCOTIC
 Heroin (Diamorphine) is a  Morphine is refined from
highly addictive drug that opium and is used in
medicine as a pain killer for
can be fatal in the wrong moderate to severe pain
dosage  Codeine is another pain
 HIV, Hepatitis can be killer found form opium.
spread by addicts sharing Which is used to more
chronic pains issues.
needles to inject.
 Thebaine in opium can now
 A multimillion dollar be tested to determine if a
industry is based around person is using medical
growing heroin and products with morphine or
using illegal substances like
selling it. heroin.

4. First time users will feel:
• A euphoric feelings – Heroin increases Dopamine activity in the brain
• After the Heroin has worn the good feeling goes with it.
• People quickly want that feeling back which is why Heroin is so addictive.
• In Some European Countries (United Kingdom, Germany, Denmark, Netherlands)
it is a LEGAL medicine that can be prescribed.
• Heroin is a great drug at blocking pain receptors in the brain and can be used to help
treat chronic pain and even provide comfort to terminal cancer patients.
• Heroin can be snorted, injected, smoked, and some people have even made opium tea
That is said to have similar but less potent effects.

5. Heroin upon injection goes to the blood brain barrier and goes right past
It because Heroin is fat soluble.
It then binds to the opiate receptors in our brains.
Heroin Also causes Analgesic (pain relief) and Anxiolytic ( Anti- Anxiety) for
Some people.
The drug is so addictive it quickly unbalances a persons brain chemistry creating a
Biological dependence on the drug that is extremely difficult to beat without
Medical support.

6. Long term use does have its risks:
• The biggest risk is a fatal Overdose
• Users can also contract HIV/AIDS from sharing needles
• Heart attack, collapsed veins, Pneumonia, Sores on the body, and
slowly the liver begins to fail.
• A person can also get infections from any number of other chemicals
• That are used in the process of making (cutting) the Heroin for sale.
• The different types of heroin can all carry with them their own side effects.

7. • Treatment for Heroin comes in several forms :
• Detox (Cold Turkey) is the hardest form of treatment. A person literally
goes through a nightmare of physical and psychological symptoms.
• High fevers and chills, vomiting, cramps, uncontrollable shaking, loss of
appetite. Headaches and extreme pain all over a persons body.
• Some people will receive a opiate blocker especially in cases of a serve
overdose of heroin. This will cure a person overnight but if they relapse
there is a higher risk over a fatal overdose.
This happens because a persons body no longer processes the
heroin correctly

8. A Methadone regimen is used to slowly take a person of
Heroin in small amounts .
A great deal of people find help from N.A. meetings or from individual therapy
sessions to help them deal with cravings and make life style changes to help
them with their remissions.

9.  Used as early as 3400
B.C.
 Ancient Egyptians
used it and sold it on
trade routes.
 Banned during the
Inquisition and
reintroduced in the
1500’s

10.  First Opium war in
1840 fought over
China ordering the
end of foreign sale
 Opium is fist injected
in the mid 1800’s
 1856 – 2nd opium war
in china
 1874- Heroin is
synthesized

11.  In 1923 Opium is banned in the United states
 Huge rise in Heroin use after Vietnam
 1970’s- Mexican Opium trade is destroyed.
 The middle east assumes control of opium
productions in the 1990’s

12. Most of the
Opium today is
Middle East
mainly in
Afghanistan
before the war
began and most
of the crops
were burned by
U.S. forces. But as
of 2002 it is still
the Largest
Opium maker in
the world.

13. The Modern war on drugs has largely been unsuccessful in stopping
The illegal importation of narcotics into the continental United States.
More people are becoming addicted every years and stronger variations
Of Heroin are flooding the streets everyday.

14.  The sale of
illegal drugs is
a huge business
making billions
of dollars per
year off of
addictions who
cannot quit.
$205.6 million dollars seized in drug raid in Mexico

15. Farming Opium
Farming of Opium has ranged from
China to Mexico and back.
Vietnam, Burma, Laos, China, India
, Mexico, and the United Kingdom
are just some of the countries who
has been involved in growing
Poppies.
It is truly a Global Issue and more
and more farmers and crop shares
are turning to growing poppy to
make quick money to support
themselves and their families.

16. • Opium today is huge issue
• Addiction rates are on the rise
• History has shown just how violent people will get over Opium
• There is a lot of money and politics involved
• Money from the sale of Heroin and other opiates help finance Terrorism in
in the middle east.

17.  Laçine Aksoy, Opium poppy (Papaver
somniferum L.) oil for preparation of biodiesel:  P. Prioreschi, R.P. Heaney, E. Brehm, A quantitative
assessment of ancient therapeutics: poppy and pain
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http://www.drugs.com/opium.html - Used for some general information about Opium and Heroin.

19. http://www.flickr.com/photos/cod_gabriel/2223556912/sizes/l/in/photostream/
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Mr. Theklan – March 7th, 2008