1. BurnoutBurnout
1
The Comparison of Employee Burnout
in a Mental Health Setting and a
Correctional Facility
Nadia F. Glover
Mercer University

2. What is Burnout?What is Burnout?
 A syndrome of an increase in emotional exhaustion, development
of depersonalization, and a decrease in personal accomplishment
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3. Maslach Burnout InventoryMaslach Burnout Inventory
• Emotional exhaustion (EE) – feelings of being emotionally
overextended by one’s work; no longer able to give of
themselves at a psychological level
• Depersonalization (DP) – unfeeling and impersonal response
toward recipients of one’s service, care, treatment, or
instruction; negative, cynical attitudes and feelings about one’s
clients; dehumanizing perception of others that can result in
viewing clients as somehow deserving of their troubles
•Personal accomplishment (PA) – feelings of competence and
successful achievement in one’s work with people
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4. What are the early warning signs?What are the early warning signs?
• mood disturbances
• sleep disturbances
• difficulty concentrating
• short temper
• upset stomach
• low morale
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5. Burnout can be associated with …Burnout can be associated with …
increased amount
of sick leave an
employee may take
Tardiness
 high turnover rates
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jobjob
dissatisfactiondissatisfaction
 poor workerpoor worker
performanceperformance
Increase inIncrease in
cost, both sociallycost, both socially
and financially,and financially,
for both thefor both the
employer andemployer and
employeeemployee

6. Purpose of this studyPurpose of this study
To compare employee burnout in a
mental health setting and a
correctional facility, as measured by
the Maslach Burnout Inventory – for
Human Services
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7. Null Hypotheses FormulatedNull Hypotheses Formulated
1)1) There will be no significant difference between employee burnout inThere will be no significant difference between employee burnout in
a mental health setting and a correctional facility, as measured by thea mental health setting and a correctional facility, as measured by the
Maslach Burnout Inventory, on the emotional exhaustion subscale.Maslach Burnout Inventory, on the emotional exhaustion subscale.
2) There will be no significant difference between employee burnout in2) There will be no significant difference between employee burnout in
a mental health setting and a correctional facility, as measured by thea mental health setting and a correctional facility, as measured by the
Maslach Burnout Inventory, on the depersonalization subscale.Maslach Burnout Inventory, on the depersonalization subscale.
3) There will be no significant difference between employee burnout in3) There will be no significant difference between employee burnout in
a mental health setting and a correctional facility, as measured by thea mental health setting and a correctional facility, as measured by the
Maslach Burnout Inventory, on the personal accomplishment subscale.Maslach Burnout Inventory, on the personal accomplishment subscale.
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8. Maslach Burnout InventoryMaslach Burnout Inventory
Recognized as the leading instrument to measure burnout
Three subscales were designed to assess the burnout syndrome: emotional exhaustion –
consisting of nine items, depersonalization – consisting of five items, and lack of
personal accomplishment – consisting of eight items, which is scored in opposite
direction from emotional exhaustion and depersonalization
Burnout is conceptualized as a continuous variable, ranging from low to moderate to
high degrees of experienced feeling; it is not viewed as a dichotomous variable, which is
either present or absent
The items for the MBI, for human services, were designed to measure hypothetical
aspects of the burnout syndrome. The items were written in the form of statements
about personal feelings or attitudes.
The participant rates each of the statements that best describes how frequently they
feel that way, based on a likert-type scale, ranging from zero – is never to six – is
everyday.
MBI has established overall means on the North American (N = 11,067) group norm as
follows: emotional exhaustion 20.99, depersonalization 8.73, and personal
accomplishment 34.58
The overall standard deviations for each of the subscales are: emotional exhaustion
10.75, personalization 5.89, and personal accomplishment 7.11
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9. ReliabilityReliability
Based on previous test-retest research studies, the
reliability coefficients for each subscale are:
.90 – EE
.79 – DP
.71 - PA
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10. ValidityValidity
The MBI, for human services, was compared with the Job
Diagnostic Survey measurement of general job satisfaction
and yielded the following for each subscale: emotional
exhaustion (r = -.23, p < .05) depersonalization (r = -.22, p < .
02)
personal accomplishment (r = .17, p < .06)
Additionally, the MBI for human services was also compared
with the Crown-Marlow Social Desirability scale and none of
the MBI subscales was significantly correlated at the .05 level
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11. ParticipantsParticipants
• 15 voluntary participants were staffed in an emergency psychiatric unit
of a community hospital with job titles such as mental health assistants,
crisis liaisons, social workers, resident psychiatrists, and attending
psychiatric physicians (six women and nine men, mean age = 35.4 years)
• 15 voluntary participants were employed in a suburban county
correctional facility with job titles such as correctional officers, case
workers, and counselors (eight women and seven men, mean age = 39.3
years).
• Total of 30, 14 (46.6%) women and 16 (53.3%) men
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12. DemographicsDemographics
Ethnicity:
2 (6.6%) Asian American
5 (16.6%) Caucasians
1 (3.3%) Latino American
22 (73.3%) African Americans
Marital Status:
15 (50%) Single
10 (33.3%) Married
5 (16.6%) Divorced
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13. Demographics cont.Demographics cont.
 Have children currently living in home:
16 (53.3%) have children in home
14 (46.6%) do not have children in home
Highest level of school completed:
3 (10%) completed high school
9 (30%) completed some college
8 (26.6%) completed 4 yrs of college
6 (20%) completed some post-graduate work
4 (13.3%) completed a post-graduate degree
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14. Demographics cont.Demographics cont.
 Length of employment at current job:
20 (66.6%) - <5 years
6 (20%) – 5 to 10 years
1 (3.3%) – 10 to 15 years
1 (3.3%) – 15 to 20 years
1 (3.3%) – 20 to 25 years
1 (3.3%) - >25 years
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15. THE RESULTS ARE …
15
0
10
20
30
40
Frequency
EE DP PA
Men vs. Women
Men
Women
0
10
20
30
40
Frequency
EE DP PA
Marital Status
Single
Married
Divorced

16. 16
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Frequency
EE DP PA
Children Currently Living In Home
Children in Home
No Children in Home
0
10
20
30
40
50
Frequency
EE DP PA
Highest Level of Schooling Completed
High School
Some College
Completed College
Some Post-Grad
Completed Post-Grad

17. 17
0
10
20
30
40
50
Frequency
EE DP PA
Length of Employment at Current Job
Less than 5
5 - 10 yrs
10 - 15 yrs
15 - 20 yrs
20 - 25 yrs
25 or more

18. Null hypothesis number one stated, there will be no significant difference between employee burnout in aNull hypothesis number one stated, there will be no significant difference between employee burnout in a
mental health setting and a correctional facility, as measured by the Maslach Burnout Inventory, on themental health setting and a correctional facility, as measured by the Maslach Burnout Inventory, on the
emotional exhaustion subscale.emotional exhaustion subscale.
The data showed that there was a difference. Null Hypothesis number one was rejected. See Table 1.The data showed that there was a difference. Null Hypothesis number one was rejected. See Table 1.
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0
5
10
15
20
25
Frequency
Mental
Health
Setting
(Moderate)
Correctional
Facility
(Low)
Emotional Exhuastion Subscale
Table 1

19. Null hypothesis number two stated, there will be no significant difference betweenNull hypothesis number two stated, there will be no significant difference between
employee burnout in a mental health setting and a correctional facility, asemployee burnout in a mental health setting and a correctional facility, as
measured by the Maslach Burnout Inventory, on the depersonalization subscale.measured by the Maslach Burnout Inventory, on the depersonalization subscale.
The data showed that there was a difference.The data showed that there was a difference.
Null hypothesis number two was rejected. See Table 2.Null hypothesis number two was rejected. See Table 2.
19
0
2
4
6
8
10
Frequency
Mental Health
Setting (Moderate)
Correctional Facility
(Low)
Depersonalization Subscale
Table 2

20. Null hypothesis number three stated, there will be no significant difference betweenNull hypothesis number three stated, there will be no significant difference between
employee burnout in a mental health setting and a correctional facility, as measuredemployee burnout in a mental health setting and a correctional facility, as measured
by the Maslach Burnout Inventory, on the personal accomplishment subscale. Theby the Maslach Burnout Inventory, on the personal accomplishment subscale. The
data showed that there was a difference.data showed that there was a difference.
Null hypothesis number three was rejected. See Table 3.Null hypothesis number three was rejected. See Table 3.
20
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
Frequency
Mental
Health
Setting
(Low)
Correctional
Facility
(Moderate)
Personal Accomplishment Subscale
Table 3

21. THANK YOU !!!THANK YOU !!!
You’ve been a great audience.You’ve been a great audience.
Questions?
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