Presentation by Lee Gallivan of the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) on the federal "Every Day Counts" initiative and Intelligent Compaction, delivered at the CalAPA Fall Asphalt Pavement Conference Oct. 24, 2013 in Sacramento, Calif.

1. California Intelligent Compaction
Density Evaluation Summary
California Asphalt Paving Association
Sacramento, California
Victor (Lee) Gallivan – FHWA
Asphalt Pavement Engineer
Office of Asset Management,
Pavement and Construction
October 24, 2013

2. What is
Intelligent Compaction?

3. What is Intelligent Compaction?
An Innovation in
Compaction Control

4. ---Definition--What is “Intelligence?”
– Oxford Dictionary: “…ability to vary
behavior in response to varying situations
and requirements”
– Ability to:
•
•
•
•
Collect information
Analyze information
Make an appropriate decision
Execute the decision
3000-4000 TIMES A MINUTE

5. Intelligent Compaction Includes
Global
Positioning
System
GPS
Temperature
Sensors
Onboard
Report
System
Continuous
Measurement
System
Courtesy of Bomag

6. What is Intelligent Compaction?
Current IC technology is accelerometer-based.
Vibratory Single Drum
Soil Roller
Vibratory Tandem Drum
Asphalt Roller

7. What is Intelligent Compaction?

IC Vibratory Roller Requirements
– Accelerometers mounted in or about the drum to monitor
applied compaction efforts;
– Real Time Kinematics (RTK) or Virtual Reference System
(VRS) GPS system for roller positioning measurement
computer systems;
– Integrated measurement computer systems to collect &
analyze roller and pavement response information;
– GPS-Based documentation system
– On-Board, Color-coded display
– Surface temperature instrumentation (HMA) system

8. Tandem Drum IC Roller
Suppliers
Bomag
Caterpillar
HAMM-Wirtgen
Sakai

9. IC Measurement Value (ICMV)
ICMV is a generic term used to describe
all suppliers’ measurement value
 IC suppliers have various “stiffness” (or
measurement) values

– Bomag – Evib (MN/m²)
– Caterpillar/Trimble – CMV
– Hamm/Wirtgen – HMV
– Sakai - CCV

VEDA 3.0 (Software)

10. Global Positioning System (GPS)
GPS Base Station
GPS Radio & Receiver
GPS Rover
Real Time Kinematic (RTK) GPS Precision

11. Intelligent Compaction Goals
2007
Short Term Goals
Improved Density
More Uniform Density
More efficient compaction process
Operator Accountability
Correlate Measurements with Field Densities
Real-time Density Control (QC)
Long Term Goals
Compaction Control Specifications
Real-time Density Acceptance
Future Goals
Tie to Design Guide (verify design)?
Performance specifications?

12. FHWA Pooled Fund IC Project
2008-2011
Demonstrate HMA IC Technologies
to Agencies and Industry
 Develop Experience and Expertise
within DOT Organizations
 Assist the DOT’s in the development
of Quality Control Specifications
 Identification and prioritization for
further research and data analysis


13. FHWA IC Field Demo
2008-2011
AK
WA
VT
MT
ME
ND
OR
MN
WI
ID
NY
SD
WY
MI
NE
PA
IA
NV
IL
UT
WV
KS
AZ
OH
CO
CA
Guam
IN
CT
NJ
DE
MD
OK
NM
MO
VA
KY
DC
NC
TN
AR
SC
MS
AL
GA
VI
HI
TX
LA
FHWA TPF
HfL/SHRP2
FL
PR

14. FHWA IC-HMA Density Study
2011-2014
Relate IC measurement and other
records to HMA in-place density
 Improve usage of IC for QC

ICMV
Coring
ICMV Target
Coring
ICMV
Target ICMV
Target %Gmm

15. FHWA IC Density
Evaluation 2012-2014
AK
WA
VT
MT
ME
ND
OR
MN
WI
ID
NY
SD
WY
MI
NE
PA
IA
NV
IL
UT
Guam
CT
NJ
DE
MD
OH
WV
KS
AZ
IN
CO
CA
NH
MA
RI
OK
NM
MO
VA
KY
DC
NC
TN
AR
SC
MS
AL
GA
VI
HI
TX
LA
2012
2013
2014
FL
PR

16. 1 / 1,000,000
100 % coverage
Courtesy of Caterpillar

17. California Paving Project - 2006

Inconsistent Roller Coverage
Shoulder (Supported)
Paving Direction
Longitudinal Joint
Courtesy Sakai America

18. Improved Rolling Patterns
Before
After
Indiana ICPF Project
Sakai IC roller

19. Benefits of IC
Improve compaction…
better performance
Improve efficiency…
cost savings
Increase information…
better QC

20. CA IC Demo Project





I-80, Vacaville and Dixon, CA
Teichert Construction - North Region ***
Sept. 4-6, 2013
Night paving
3” Intermediate
Course
*** California License # 8,
the oldest active
license (125 years)
in the state.

21. TB01A
Lane 1
TB01B
Lane 2

22. TB02
EB Lane3

26. MTV
Paving

27. Hamm IC compaction
Bomag IC compaction
Caterpillar IC compaction
NG and temp measurements

29. 1500 ft
50 ft
spacing
NG, LWD-a
(after each pass)
and GPS
NG, GPS, Coring
LWD-a, FWD, GPR
paving width
paving width
Roller 2
IC Compaction
(breakdown)
Roller 1
IC Compaction
(intermediate)
paving width
Roller 3
Compaction
(finishing)

30. FWD test
Coring
NG and Temp measurements
Core

31. Open house audience
Host – Chuck Suszko, Caltrans
Open house audience
Speaker – Lee Gallivan, FHWA

32. Hamm IC Data (Night 1)

34. HMV
Temperature
Pass count

35. CAT IC Data (Night 2)

37. CMV
Temperature
Pass count

38. Bomag IC Data (Night 2)

40. Evib
Temperature
Pass count

41. Compaction Curves
NG (%Gmm)
Temperature
(°F)
300
95
280
90
260
240
85
220
200
80
180
160
75
140
120
70
0
paver
1
2
Hamm
3
Passes
4
5
6
0
paver
Bomag
1
2
3
Passes
Hamm
TB01 Pass-by-Pass IC data vs. NG Density
T1
4
Bomag
5
6

42. Compaction Curves
Temperature
(°F)
NG (%Gmm)
95
300
280
90
85
C
H H
C H
260
240
220
200
80
C
180
H H
C
H
160
75
140
120
70
0
paver
2
4
Hamm/Cat
6
Passes
8
10
12
Bomag
0
paver
2
4
6
Passes
Hamm/Cat
TB01 Pass-by-Pass IC data vs. NG Density
T2
8
Bomag
10
12

43. Compaction Curves
Temperature
(°F)
NG (%Gmm)
95
300
280
90
260
240
85
220
200
80
180
160
75
140
120
70
0
paver
2
Cat
4
Passes
6
8
10
Bomag
0
paver
2
Cat
4
Passes
Bomag
TB02 Pass-by-Pass IC data vs. NG Density
T3
6
8
10

44. Major Findings





IC improve consistent rolling patterns –
esp. night paving
IC is proven for QC
IC is not for acceptance – at least for now
GPS is still a challenge
IC training is crucial for success

45. New and Exciting FHWA Initiative
“Advancement of Innovative Asphalt Technology”
Contractor: NAPA (Dr. Audrey Copeland)
Period: 5-years (Starting October 2013)
Effort: Conferences, Seminars, Webinars, FHWA Technical
Information, Best Practice Guides, News Articles, etc.
Scope: Recycling Materials, In-Place Recycling Technologies,
Asphalt Pavement Materials (HMA, WMA, SMA, etc.) Designs
and Construction Activities including Longitudinal Joints,
Asphalt Materials compaction , Intelligent Compaction (IC),
etc.

46. IC STANDARDS

2014 AASHTO Ballet distributed (September
2013) for a new provisional standard based on the
FHWA IC Generic Specifications.

47. Federal Legislation - MAP-21
Moving Ahead
for Progress in the 21st Century Act’’ or
just ‘‘MAP–21’’
SEC. 1304. INNOVATIVE PROJECT DELIVERY
METHODS
(3) INNOVATIVE PROJECT DELIVERY
Permits up to 100% Federal funding, e.g. Intelligent
Compaction & In-place recycling technology

48. www.IntelligentCompaction.com

49. IC is a Beautiful Thing! (Alaska)
Courtesy of Bruce Christianson

50. Victor (Lee) Gallivan, PE
Asphalt Pavement Engineer
Victor.Gallivan@dot.gov
Ph: 317-226-7493
Cl: 317-605-4704
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