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TSBF Institute of CIAT: Sustainable Land Management for Eco-efficient Agriculture in the Tropics
1. TSBF INSTITUTE of CIAT Program TS2: Sustainable Land Management for Eco-efficient Agriculture in the Tropics
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3. Why is there a need for an area-wide approach? Goal Rationale Outputs Institutional Various interventions at the sentinel site in southern Malawi, may not necessarily be well integrated Functional landscapes?
4. Should CIAT invest in research in Conservation Agriculture in SA region? What are the expected benefits? Need for better analyses and diagnosis to target interventions for sustainable agricultural production in multi-use landscapes Conservation Agriculture field trials in Mozambique; Innovation platforms to link research to development. Goal Rationale Outputs Institutional
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7. What about non-responsive soils? N+P N+manure Multiple seasons of application of manure (>10 t/ ha) required to restore productivity Pathways to restoration of non-responsive fields (Courtesy Zingore) (Vanlauwe et al., accepted for publication) Where do OM resources come from ? Goal Rationale Outputs Institutional
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9. SLM Impact Zones Goal Rationale Outputs Institutional Hillsides Savannas Forest margins Figure 1: Impact zones for the ISFM Program. Information on total area and population and major cropping systems is included.
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11. Sustainable Agric. Production Landscapes Soil Resource Base Markets (PES) Env. Health Social welfare Policy Adaptive SRM Consumption (food, water, shelter) National and World Trade Policies Market Opportunity Env. Regulations Social policies Prod. Syst. Resources allocation Goal Rationale Outputs Institutional Framework for the strategy on Sustainable Land Management Income generation Human & Social cap. Labour Investment Phys. & finan capital
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13. Decision support framework for evidence-based and spatially-explicit soil and land management recommendations Regional level National/intermediate level Local level Problem domain/ Application domain/ Intervention domain Problem domain/ Application domain/ Intervention domain PD/ AD/ ID Goal Rationale Outputs Institutional Intervention domain (user context) Problem domain Application domain technologies/ mngt options Case Large scale Small scale Spatial Extent Regional scales Intermediate scales Local scales Farmers National Community & District level Regional bodies& Government policies Scale of interventions TARGET BENEFICIARIES ID PD AD CD ID’ PD’ AD’ CD’ ID” PD” AD” CD”
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15. BGBD Mexico Benchmark site “Los Tuxtlas” Soil Biological QI Earthworms Soil Chemical QI Soil Phys QI Soil OM QI (Velasquez et. al) Variation in soil quality with position in the landscape (window) Goal Rationale Outputs Institutional F1(54.2%) F2(15.9%) P<0.01 LM SF VC -2.8 3.6 -3 5 F2(20.3%) F1(34.1%) LM SF VC -3.3 3.8 -3 3.8 P<0.01 F1(42.3%) F2(15.8%) P<0.01 LM SF VC -2.7 2.9 -4.9 2.9 F1(17.3%) F2(14.6%) SF VC -3.9 6.9 -8.5 2.9 LM P<0.01
16. Soil Phys QI BGBD Mexico “Los Tuxtlas” F1(42.3%) F2(15.8%) M -2.9 2.9 -4.9 2.9 P F A P<0.01 Soil OM QI Soil Biological QI Earthworms Goal Rationale Outputs Institutional Characterisation and diagnoses: Variation in Soil Quality per Land Use (Velasquez et. al) F A M -3.4 4 -3.2 4 P P<0.01 F2(20.3%) F1(34.1%) F M -3.5 4 -3.5 5.5 A P F1(54.2%) F2(15.9%) P<0.02 Soil Chemical QI F1(17.3%) F2(14.6%) F M -3.9 6.9 -8.5 2.6 P A P<0.01
17. Characterization and diagnosis: Carbon deficits (SOC measured against local reference value), Mali (Land Degradation project) Low resolution-wider coverage High resolution-local coverage (courtesy Tor Vagen, ICRAF) Goal Rationale Outputs Institutional
18. Chemical Physical Biological Land degradation LUI &Agric intensification Knowledge and information gaps Population growth Poverty – lack of econ development Policies (agric & land use) Weak institutions Lack of R & D Climate change Factors driving soil degradation in agricultural systems, expressed in its chemical, physical and biological properties Theme I: Effect of climate change, land use change on soil health; Interrelated processes of soil biological, physical, chemical and SOM degradation Theme 2: Improved targeting of soil and land use management interventions Soil Goal Rationale Outputs Institutional
19. Effects of spatio-temporal variability in soil fertility on crop productivity Goal Rationale Outputs Institutional (Courtesy Zingore)
22. Development domains: Uganda (Ruecker et al, 2003, ZEF) Population density Elevation Agricultural potential Market access Scale of the intervention domains (targeting Legume Cover Crops) Goal Rationale Outputs Institutional (Delve et al., 2007)