3rd Africa Rice Congress Theme 1: climate resilient rice Mini symposium: towards improved resistance to abiotic stresses Author: Lakew et al

1. Agronomic performances, disease reaction and
yield stability analysis of upland rice genotypes
in North west Ethiopia
Taddesse Lakew1, SewagegnTariku1, Teferi Alem2 and
Mulugeta Bitew3
1Adet
Agricultural Research Centre, 2Gondar Agricultural
Research Centre and 3Pawe Agricultural Research
Centre
E.mail: taddesse.lakew@yahoo.com

2. Introduction
 Rice cultivation in Ethiopia is of a recent history as
compared to its utilization as a food crop
 Production and productivity is rising but quite low
compared to other rice world
- 1.8 t/ha (CSA, 2005)
- 2.9 t/ha (CSA,2013)
 Low productivity,mainly in upland,is attributed to:
- lack of stable and high yielding varieties
- terminal drought
- low soil fertility
- weeds and diseases (MoA, 2010)

3. Introduction…
 Currently, upland rice is grown across a wide range of
environments in Ethiopia where it is subjected to G x E
interaction effects
 The national rice program has been conducting MET
primarily to identify high yielding varieties of broad
adaptation
 However, in the presence of GE interaction, genotypic
means per se as criteria for selecting superior genotypes
is not reliable and valid (Kang, 1990).

4. Introduction…
 Hence, it is very essential to study the nature and
magnitude of G x E interaction and stability of upland
rice genotypes in Ethiopia
Objective:
 The present study was, therefore, undertaken to select
high yielding, stable, early maturing and disease
resistant upland rice genotypes following appropriate
statistical analysis.

5. Materials and Methods
Plant materials
Genotypes
WAB450-24-2-2-P33-HB
WAB880-SG6
WAB880-SG14
WAB880-SG37
WAB880-SG38
WAB880-SG39
WAB880-SG02
WAB880-SG47
WAB880-SG35
WAB880-SG70
WAB880-1-32-1-1-P2-HB
WAB880-1-38-13-1-1P1-HB
WAB960-B-11A1-1
WAB910-B-14AB-1
WAB515-B-16A1-2
AD01(standard check)
Code
Source
G1
G2
G3
G4
G5
G6
G7
G8
G9
G10
G11
G12
G13
G14
G15
G16
Africarice
Africarice
Africarice
Africarice
Africarice
Africarice
Africarice
Africarice
Africarice
Africarice
Africarice
Africarice
Africarice
Africarice
Africarice
Ethiopia
• Design: RCBD of three reps
• Seeding rate: 60 kg ha-1.
• Plot size: 5 m
1.2 m with six
rows for each entry.
• Fertilizer : 46 kg N ha-1 and 46
kg P2O5 ha-1.
• Weeding: three to four times
depending on infestation level

6. M & M-Sites
Woreta (11 58′ N;37 41′ E )
Metema(12o 54’ N; 36o 15’ E)
Pawe (11 9′ N ; 36 3′E )
- Woreta2008-E1
- Metema2008-E2
- Pawe2008-E3
- Woreta2010-E4
- Metema2010-E5
- Pawe2010-E6
Fig.1. A map showing geographical areas of three
test locations used to evaluated upland rice genotypes

7. Data collection and analysis
 Data collected on
- days to heading,
- days to maturity,
- panicle length(cm),
- plant height(cm),
- fertile tillers per plant,
- filled grains per panicle,
- grain yield(g/plot)
- and 1000 seed weight(g)
- Disease score (0-9) scale
following SES(IRRI, 1996)
 Statistical analysis
-Grain yield and other agronomic
parameters were subjected to
analysis of variance using the
SAS 2002 version.9.0
-Yield data were subjected to
AMMI and GGE biplot analysis
using genestat

8. Results
Table.1. AMMI analysis of variance
Source
Df
Sum of
Squares
Mean
Squares
Variation
Explained (%)
Total
Blocks
Treatments
Genotypes
Environments
Interactions
IPCA 1
IPCA 2
IPCA 3
IPCA 4
Residuals
Error
287
12
95
15
5
75
19
17
15
13
11
180
305181921
39395722
198589499
23955182
104228646
70405671
40426920
15844038
8408183
4486977
1239553
67196699
1063352
3282977***
2090416***
1597012***
20845729***
938742***
2127733***
932002***
560546NS
345152NS
112687NS
373315
12.06
52.48
35.45
57.42
22.50
11.94
6.37
1.76

9. Results…
Table.2. Mean grain yield (t ha-1) of 16 upland rice genotypes
Genotypes
G1
G2
G3
G4
G5
G6
G7
G8
G9
G10
G11
G12
G13
G14
G15
G16(check)
Mean
CV (%)
LSD (5%)
E1
2.71
3.16
4.27
4.15
2.54
3.36
4.28
3.69
3.57
4.21
1.49
1.03
3.87
4.81
3.55
3.07
3.36
17.5
0.98
E2
2.41
2.14
2.48
2.47
1.99
2.58
2.99
2.10
2.34
2.32
2.24
2.08
2.52
2.48
3.11
2.36
2.42
15.1
0.61
E3
3.34
4.46
3.95
3.24
3.52
3.64
3.34
4.04
3.63
3.34
3.78
2.49
2.99
2.76
4.09
3.13
3.48
20.5
1.19
E4
2.19
2.03
2.30
2.34
1.89
2.41
3.42
2.39
2.18
1.51
2.31
1.44
1.42
1.67
2.88
2.32
2.17
18.3
0.66
E5
2.11
1.68
2.46
2.25
1.58
2.32
2.34
1.40
2.30
2.33
2.23
2.44
2.91
2.46
3.03
2.29
2.26
22.65
0.83
E6
4.20
3.96
2.81
3.08
3.78
3.94
3.64
3.25
2.94
3.67
3.52
3.81
3.70
3.46
4.33
2.96
3.56
25.6
NS
Mean
2.83
2.91
3.05
2.92
2.55
3.04
3.34
2.81
2.83
2.89
2.59
2.21
2.90
2.94
3.50
2.69
2.87
25.7
0.48

10. Results…
Table.3. Average diseases score (0-9) for 16 upland rice genotypes
Genotype
Leaf blast Panicle blast Brown spot Bacterial leaf blight
G1
3.0
1.0
2.7
2.0
G2
1.0
1.0
2.3
2.0
G3
1.6
1.0
2.0
1.6
G4
1.6
1.0
3.0
2.0
G5
1.6
1.0
2.7
2.0
G6
1.0
1.0
2.3
2.0
G7
0.4
1.0
2.0
1.3
G8
1.3
0.6
2.3
2.3
G9
3.0
2.3
2.7
2.0
G10
2.3
1.0
3.0
2.0
G11
2.6
2.3
3.0
2.0
G12
2.3
1.6
3.0
2.0
G13
1.0
1.0
2.3
2.0
G14
0.6
1.0
2.3
1.3
G15
0.5
0.2
1.3
1.2
G16(check)
2.3
2.3
3.0
2.0
Mean
1.6
1.2
2.5
1.9

11. Results…
Stability and biplots
Plot of Gen & Env IPCA 2 scores v
ersus m
eans
E3
30
G8
20
E4
G2
IPCA scores
10
G5
G11
0
G3
G9
G7
G4
G16
G6
E1
G15
G1
G10
E2
-10
E6
G14
-20
G12
G13
E5
-30
20
00
25
20
20
50
25
70
30
00
35
20
30
50
Genoty & Env
pe
ironm
ent m
eans
Fig.2. AMMI-1 biplot of main effects and interactions for grain yield (t ha-1).
35
70

12. Results…
Scatter plot (Total - 59.76%)
3
E
3
G8
G2
2
E
4
1
G5
G11
G3
G9G6
G1
G4
G16 E
6
0
G7
E
1
G15
E
2
G10
-1
G14
-2
G12
E
5
G13
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
PC1 - 33.93%
Fig.3. GGE biplot of 16 upland rice genotypes for grain yield
based on which win where pattern
3
4

13. Result…
Rank
ing biplot (Total - 59.76%)
1.5
1.0
E3
G8
G2
E4
0.5
G5
G11
G3
G9
G6
G1
G4
G16 E6
0.0
G7
E1
G15
E2
G10
-0.5
G14
-1.0
G12
-1.0
E5
G13
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
PC1 - 33.93%
G
enotype scores
E
nvironm
ent scores
AE
C
Fig.4.GGE biplot for ranking of 16 upland rice genotypes
based mean performance and stability
1.5

14. Farmers and Variety release committee

15. Conclusion

G7 (3.34 t ha-1) and G15 (3.50 t ha-1) significantly
out yielded the check. Moreover they showed nearly
immune reaction to major rice diseases
 In AMMI biplot, G15, G7, G6 and G4 attained high
mean yield coupled with smaller IPCA scores and
hence less interaction with environments
 GGE biplot also indicated G15, G7, G3, G4, G6 and
G3 as relatively stable and high yielding genotypes
 Farmers preferred G15 due its earliness, panicle
length, and white caryopsis color. Variety release
committee recommended for release in 2011 for
broad production

16. Acknowledgements
 Africa Rice
 EIAR
 ARARI

17. Thank you very much!