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Firearms and Ballistics
Revolver
Semi-Auto Pistol
How a gun works
Four Components of Ammunition ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Ammunition
Ammunition
PREMIUM LOAD with SHOTCUP Pellets do  not contact bore
 
 
Some problems
Stable vs. Instable  Projectile Flight
Rifling
 
 
 
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
 
The match on the bullet
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
Gunshot Residue
Source of Gunshot Residue ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Primers ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Formation of the Particle ,[object Object],[object Object]
Inside a GSR kit ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The Examination ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Scanning Electron Microscope ,[object Object],[object Object]
GSR Particle on the SEM
Positive: What does it mean? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Negative: What does it mean? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Lead Poisoning
Bullet Trajectory
Projectile Penetration ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Definitions  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Penetration and perforation The Bullets effect on sheet metal at increasing angles
Critical Angle and Deflection
Critical Angle and Deflection
 
 
 
Trajectory reconstruction using lasers
Laser trajectory at night
Shotgun Pellet Patterns In General…. For every 1” across = 1 Yard from Muzzle  7” Muzzle to Target = 7 Yards
Pellet Pattern Diameter vs. Range Orthogonal Impacts d d d
Non-Orthogonal Pellet Patterns sin -1  (d/D) = incidence angle
Orthogonal Strikes No. 4 Buck 12-ga. d = 7 in.
45 0  Incident Angle with No. 4 Buck, 12 ga. d = 7 in. d/D = 0.67 Sin -1  = 42 0 Same  Range as previous shot
LEFT  vs  RIGHT
RIFLING TWIST DETERMINATION from RICOCHET MARKS on SMOOTH, HARD SURFACES The “ Chisum” Trail
230-gr. .45 Auto FMJ-RN Incident Angle = 10 0 Surface = Smooth Steel  Ricochet Angle = 1.4 0 13 0 profile views
Three 50-gr. FMJ .25 Automatic Bullets Ricocheted from a Hard, Unyielding Surface after Low (less that 5 0 ) Incident Angle Impacts
Cartridge Case Ejection Patterns ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Ejection Patterns X
Bullets and Glass
BB Impact
 
 
 
 
Effects of Projectiles on Common Materials ,[object Object],[object Object]
 
 
Laminated Auto Glass
What else can be matched?
 
Extractor and Breech
 
 

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