The document introduces the VSEPR (Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion) theory, which is used to predict the geometry of molecules based on the number of electron pairs around the central atom. It then defines three types of organic compounds - alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes - based on the number and type of bonds between carbon atoms. The presence of double or triple bonds affects the molecular geometry compared to single bonds in alkanes according to VSEPR theory.

2. based on the number of regions of high electron density around a central atom

3. can be used to predict structures of molecule or irons

4. whether it contains only non-metals or multiple bonds/ unpaired electrons

5. the VSEPR rule:

6. Draw the Lewis structure

7. Count the total number of high electron density around the central atom

8. double and triple bonds count as ONE

9. an unpaired electron counts as ONE

10. Identify the most stable arrangement of the structure as one of the following:

11. # regions of high electron densitybest arrangementdescription2linear3trigonal planar4tetrahedral5trigonal bipyramidal6octahedral

12. Determine the position of the atoms based on the types of electron pairs present

13. (for trigonal bipyramidal and octahedral arrangements, there can sometimes be more than one possible arrangement)

14. Identify the molecular structure based on the positions of the ATOMS (not on the regions)

15. Definition of the types of molecules.

16. an Alkane (saturated hydrocarbon) is an organic compound containing only carbon and hydrogen atoms. All carbon-carbon bonds are single bonds

17. an Alkene (insaturated hydrocarbon) is an organic compound containing only carbon and hydrogen atoms. At least one of the carbon-carbon bonds is a double bond. The molecule on the left represent the simplest alkene: ethylene (ethene) H2C=CH2

18. an Alkyne (insaturated hydrocarbon) is an organic compound containing only carbon and hydrogen atoms. At least one of the carbon-carbon bond is a triple bond. The molecule on the left represent the simplest alkyne: acethylene (ethyne) HCCH