ayesha, farhan , shadab ,ashraf , hina , parveen , saba, javaid,sir , sohali zoha zoha zoha zohan znnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn

1.  There are two theories of
management:
 Historical Management Theory
 Classical Management Theory

2.  There are two types of Historical
ManagementTheory
 Trial and error theory
 Conventional theory

3. TRIAL AND ERROR
THEORY
 It is a fundamental
method of problem
solving. It is charecterised
by repeated, varied
attempts which are
continued until success or
until the agent stops
trying.
CONVENTIONALTHEORY

4.  It is a branch of management theory which involved around the 19th
century. It was developed during the industrial revolution when
problems related to factory systems began, to recognize the role that
management plays in an organization particularly focusing on the
efficiency of the work process.
 Classical approach of management process the body of management
thought based on the belief that employees have only economical and
physical needs and that the social needs and needs for job satisfaction
either does not exist or are unimportant.

5.  There are three types of Classical
ManagementTheory
 Scientific ManagementTheory
 Bureaucratic ManagementTheory
 Administrative ManagementTheory

6.  This was propounded by FrederickWinslowTaylor.Taylor
believed that by analyzing work in a scientific manner it
was possible to find the one best way to perform a task. He
felt that by organizing work in the most efficient way, the
organization productivity would be increased allowing it to
reward employers with additional remuneration, which
Taylor argued was employs only motivation.

7.  I was developed by a German sociologist and political
economist MaxWeber (1864-1920). According to him,
bureaucracy is the most efficient form of organization, the
organization has a well-defined line of authority, it has
clear rules and regulations whish are strictly followed.

8.  The first expert of it was Henry Fayol (1841-1925) Fayol is
called the ‘’Father Of Modern Management’’. According to
this theory school, management is the process of getting
things done through people. Here importance is given
groups and not to individiuals.