- China underwent economic reforms starting in 1978 led by Deng Xiaoping that moved the country away from strict communism and embraced capitalism, leading to rapid economic growth.
- The city of Shenzhen exemplifies this transformation, growing from a small village to a modern metropolis within a few decades after it was designated as China's first special economic zone.
- While Mandarin is the official language, there are over 100 dialects spoken across China, and most people can also speak their local dialect as well as Mandarin to communicate nationwide.
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