1. Causes of the Civil War

2. The North relies on industry and commerce The South relies on plantations and agriculture North - Industry South- Agriculture

3. Major export of the South is cotton The South invests in slaves, not factories and railroads Cotton plant

4. WILMOT PROVISO – a bill to outlaw any slavery in land obtained from the war with Mexico

5. It passed in the House of Representatives but not the Senate Created major tensions between North & South

6. California wants to enter as a free state – this would upset the balance of power between free and slave FREE STATES SLAVE STATES

7. COMPROMISE OF 1850 – a plan offered by Henry Clay, a senator from Kentucky Henry Clay

9. Compromise of 1850: 2) Congress passes tougher fugitive slaves laws and agrees to not ban slavery in areas received in the Mexican War

10. http://civilwar.gatech.edu/histgis/image2a.jpg SLAVERY IN 1860

11. COMPROMISE OF 1850 – a temporary solution to the free state / slave state debate as the nation grew

12. HARRIET BEECHER STOWE - author of Uncle Tom’s Cabin, an important book to the abolitionist movement

13. President Lincoln once met her and said: “So, you’re the lady that started this whole war.”

14. UNLCE TOM’S CABIN - a novel about a runaway slave escaping to the North, makes people aware of the issue of slavery, sells hundreds of thousands of copies

15. the plot of Uncle Tom’s Cabin is the story of the life of a slave named Tom Includes some stories of escapes to freedom

16. FUGITIVE SLAVE ACT - a law that said slaves could be arrested without an arrest warrant and brought back to their owner in the South

17. Southerners felt the Fugitive Slave Act was justified because slaves were viewed as property

18. The Fugitive Slave Act brought the issue of slavery to the North Northerners now had to face the slavery issue

19. the Nebraska Territory was now the new controversy

20. Senator Stephen Douglas of Illinois proposes the KANSAS-NEBRASKA ACT to create Nebraska and Kansas Territories

22. Each territory will be able to decide whether they want to be a free or slave state - POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY

23. This act would replace the Missouri Compromise in deciding free or slave states

25. people for and against slavery now moved to this area to be able to vote on this issue

26. Many people voted illegally and fights break out in Kansas - this becomes known as “BLEEDING KANSAS” An attack on Lawrence becomes known as the “Sack of Lawrence” BLEEDING KANSAS

27. JOHN BROWN is in Kansas and begins to become a strict abolitionist He will become an important figure later

28. Senator Charles Sumner of Massachusetts is attacked on the floor of the Senate and hit over 30 times with a cane by a slavery supporter An attack even happened in Congress

29. ATTACK ON SENATOR SUMNER ON FLOOR OF THE SENATE

30. REPUBLICAN PARTY – a political party formed in the mid 1850’s, majority supported the end to slavery

31. JAMES BUCHANAN – Democratic nominee for president (1856), said main goal was to maintain the Union (keep the United States together)

32. Buchanan won the election of 1856 but it showed that the anti-slavery side had a great deal of power ANTI-SLAVERY

33. PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION OF 1856

34. DRED SCOTT – an African American who had been a slave and moved by his master to a state where slavery was illegal

35. DRED SCOTT CASE – Scott sued for his freedom, claiming that since he was held as a slave where it was illegal he should be free (1857)

36. Supreme Court ruled that blacks had no rights and could not be citizens, therefore Scott could not sue for his freedom. Northerners were outraged and Southerners were happy

37. ROGER B TANEY – Chief Justice of the Supreme Court – ruled in the Dred Scott case (Taney was a slave owner from Frederick, MD)

38. ABRAHAM LINCOLN – ran for the Illinois senate seat in 1858, was a Republican

39. LINCOLN DOUGLAS DEBATES – Lincoln and Stephen Douglas held formal debates throughout Illinois about the issue of slavery

41. Douglas wins the election for the Senate but Lincoln gains national attention because of these debates

42. HARPER’S FERRY – a United States weapon arsenal in Virginia

43. JOHN BROWN’S PLAN – Brown wanted to capture the weapons arsenal and then start a slave rebellion

44. John Brown’s plan does not work – no slaves join his rebellion Brown is arrested and charged with treason and murder – he is sentenced to hang

45. the North feels Brown is a hero, the South is glad he is dead His death brings the slavery issue to the boiling point

46. The Republican party chooses ABRAHAM LINCOLN as their presidential nominee for the 1860 election http://www.si.edu/archives/ihd/jhp/lincoln.jpg

47. Democrats could not agree on how slavery would be explained in their PLATFORM PLATFORM – statements or beliefs, usually on behalf of a political party

48. The northern and southern Democrats cannot agree so they have two nominees Northern Democrats – Stephen Douglas Southern Democrats – John Breckinridge

49. Republicans – Abraham Lincoln Southern Democrats – John Breckinridge Northern Democrats – Stephen Douglas Constitutional Union – John Bell ELECTION OF 1860

50. http://mailbox.univie.ac.at/kurt.mayer/graphics/LincolnElectl.jpg

51. PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION OF 1860 http://www.multied.com/PageMill_Images/image31.gif

52. http://www.giltroy.com/Courseweb/pres1860.gif

53. Lincoln wins many votes in the North and since the North has a larger population he wins the election http://www.wildwestweb.net/cwleaders/Abraham%20Lincoln.jpg

54. The South is afraid that Lincoln will now try to abolish slavery in the United States

55. SECEDE – to withdraw from the Union, split with the country South Carolina becomes the first to secede on December 20, 1860

56. In the next six weeks more states secede: Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana and Texas

57. These states form their own country – THE CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA

58. JEFFERSON DAVIS is elected president of the Confederate States of America http://www.military.com/pics/davis1.jpg

59. Northerners felt that secession was unconstitutional and the South did NOT have the right to leave X

60. Lincoln becomes the 16 th president in March of 1861

62. Lincoln tells the South in his Inaugural Address that he will not interfere with slavery where it already exists, and will not attack the South, but will protect and defend the US government if attacked

63. THE END