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カンボジアの携帯電話事情
Yoshi(令和4年11月作成)
1
カンボジア王国の紹介
• 1975年クメール•ルージュが政権取得(民族浄化が始まる)
• 1992年国際連合カンボジア暫定統治機構(UNTAC)
• 1993年9月にカンボジア王国成立
-> 2022年11月時点でまだ建国29年目の若い国家
• 1999年にアセアン加盟
• 人口:15.3百万人(2019年カンボジア国勢調査)
• 18年7月の国民議会選挙には、人民党を含む20の政党が参加して実施され、
人民党が77%の得票を得て、全125議席を獲得
• 立憲君主制:ノロドム・シハモニ国王
https://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/area/cambodia/data.html 2
https://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/gaiko/oda/about/kaikaku/tekisei_k/pdfs_2014/18_haifu.pdf 3
https://www.meti.go.jp/policy/mono_info_service/healthcare/iryou/downloadfiles/pdf/countryreport_Cambodia.pdf
4
https://www.meti.go.jp/policy/mono_info_service/healthcare/iryou/downloadfiles/pdf/countryreport_Cambodia.pdf
https://datatopics.worldbank.org/world-development-indicators/themes/poverty-and-
inequality.html#:~:text=Poverty%20measured%20at%20the%20international,than%203%20percent%20by%202030.
10,000USD = 1,400,000 JPY
35,000USD =
4,900,000 JPY
貧困層定義(World Bank)
USD1.9/day
1.9*365=693.5
5
カンボジア経済目標
現在: 低中所得国 (※低所得国ではない)
2030年: 中所得国
2050年: 高所得国 (> $12,055)->7.5% 年間成長が必要
6
https://www.meti.go.jp/policy/mono_info_service/healthcare/iryou/downloadfiles/pdf/countryreport_Cambodia.pdf
7
イオンモール3は日本の基準でも相当大きい
総賃貸面積:約98,000㎡
https://kyodonewsprwire.jp/release/202010065345
http://ran-king.jp/aeonmall/
8
カンボジアの
人口分布
カンボジアは
比較的人口密
度が低い
https://www.stat.go.jp/info/meetings/cambodia/pdf/c8_map01.pdf
9
カンボジアの携帯事業社は主に3社
 プリペイド市場が主流
 ポストペイは毎月の引落しのため銀行口座や
クレジットカードが必要だがカンボジアは銀
行口座を持っている人が少ない(金融包摂問
題)
 プリペイドの入金はスクラッチカードを使用
することが多い(参考:右写真)
唯一のカンボジア資本 マレーシアAxiataグループ
ベトナム系(Viettel)
https://www.opensignal.com/reports/2022/08/cambodia/mobile-network-experience
10
4Gの定義には幅がある(LTEとHSPA+)
https://metfone.com.kh/en/about-us/coverage
11
携帯電話契約数はカンボジアの人口を超えて
いる(一人二つ以上の番号が普通)
https://www.murc.jp/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/global_1905_1.pdf 12
https://www.nis.gov.kh/nis/cpi/2021/PP_CPI%20summary%20table%20Sep%202021.htm
消費者物価指数
2006年を100として全体として
2021年9月で189まで上昇。その中で通信費だけ減少
通信費用だけ
減少!
13
7日 で1ドルが標準(価格体系)
https://www.smart.com.kh/get-smart/plans/smart-laor/
https://www.cellcard.com.kh/en/prepaid-plans/cellcard-4u/
14
不思議な数式 1ドル=333ドル?
 都市部の人以外1ギガ、1メガと言っても理解されない
 プリペイド契約では契約者が入金しただけでは電信事業社は売
上計上できない。(JRのSUICAも入金時点ではJRの売上は立たな
いはず。実際に乗車して使われた分だけが売上計上)
 入金後、先に1ドルのサブスクを購入すると、1ドルで150
ドル分の通話時間分話せますよ等の、オファーにより売上計上
 ドルで表示している限り実際何分の通話、何ギガのデータかは
明確ではない(現在明確化の動きがある) 15
Smart Axiataの平均一人当たり月額売上げは
2.91ドル
Axiata Annual Report Page
アクシアタの国際展開
16
ヴィッテルの国際展開
http://viettelglobal.vn/about-us/introduction.html 17
海底ケーブル
https://www.submarinecablemap.com/ 18
• 標準のQRコード
• QRを見せて送金してもらう
金融包摂問題解決に向けて
銀行口座へ入金
USドル
リエル
カンボジアバコン デジタル人民元
19
さらなる経済成長に向けて
• デジタルイノベーション
• インフラ投資
→港湾整備 シアヌークビル
→高速道路建設(一つ目完成。二つ目は来年建設開始)
→新空港建設
• 域内経済圏
→ RCEP (Chapter 8 Trade in Services Annex B8 TELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICES)
→ Asean (アセアン デジタルマスタープラン2025)
https://www.enterprisesg.gov.sg/-/media/ESG/Files/Non-Financial-Assistance/For-Companies/Free-Trade-
Agreements/RCEP/RCEP_Annex_8B.pdf
https://asean.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/ASEAN-Digital-Masterplan-EDITED.pdf 20
アセアンデジタルマスタープラン2025
アセアンの枠組みを通して、東南アジア各国は比較されている
→ガバナンとしても作用
→域内競争や協力を促す(政府役人は気にしてる?)
デジタル政府ランキング 貿易設備自動化ランキング
21

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カンボジアの携帯電話事情