2. What is Collective
Bargaining?
It means the collective negotiating
between the employer and the
employee, relating their work
situation
3. Negotiation about working conditions and terms of
employment between an employer and a group of
employees or one or more employee, organization
with a view to reaching an agreement wherein the
terms serve as a code of defining the rights and
obligations of each party in their employment
relations with one another.
-( International Labour Organization)
DEFINITION
4. Collective Bargaining take place when a number of
workpeople enter into negotiation as a bargaining
unit with an employer or a group of employers with
the object of reaching agreement on conditions of
the employment of the work people.
-(Richardson )
CONT…
5. It is a collective process as both employee
participate.
It is continuous process, which aim at establishing
stable relationship between the parties involve.
It involves not only Bargaining but also
implementation.
It attempts in achieving discipline in Industry.
It is a Flexible approach, as the parties involved
have to adopt a flexible attitude towards
negotiations.
Bargaining is a day-to-day process
It is an industrial democracy at work .
CHARACTERISTICS
6. To maintain cordial relations between employer
and employees.
To promote Democracy
To protect the Interest of workers
To prevent unilateral actions to employees.
To avoid the government intervention
To ensure the participation of trade unions.
To promote participative Management.
OBJECTIVES
8. Selection of negotiation team.
Identification of the problem
Examination of situation and issues for negotiation
Collection of data.
PREPARE
9. Decide an appropriate time and set a proper
climate for negotiation.
Decision on ground rules.
Maintenance of mutual trust and understanding.
Involve in active listening ,asking question and
summarizing decision.’
Collective Bargaining.
DISCUSS
10. Initial opening of statements
Possible alternatives/Opinions to resolve the issues
by both parties.
Brainstorming
PROPOSE
11. During this bargaining phase ,both parties involves
in the following activities:-
Problem solving
Proposals.
BARGAIN
13. Drafting of agreements:- After good faith
bargaining ,a formal document must prepare .it
should be simple ,clear and concise.
Signing the agreement:- Both parties sign the
agreement and abide by its terms and conditions.
FORMALIZATION OF AGREEMENT
14. To have the agreement effective and
meaning ,it should be enforced or
implemented immediately.
ENFORCING THE AGREEMENT
16. Bargaining is a bipartite or tripartite form of
negotiation between union confederations, central
employer associations and government agencies.
ECONOMY-WIDE (NATIONAL)
17. Bargaining may be either broadly or narrowly
defined in terms of the industrial activities covered
and may be either split up according to territorial
subunits or conducted nationally.
SECTORAL BARGAINING:-
18. It involves the company and/or establishment.
It emphasizes the point that bargaining
levels need not be mutually exclusive.
ENTERPRISE LEVEL:-
19. Butler has viewed the functions as :-
A process of social change
A peace treaty between two parties
A system of industrial jurisprudence.
FUNCTIONS OF COLLECTIVE
BARGAINING
20. Collective Bargaining enhances the status of the
working class in the society .wage earners have
enhanced their social and economic position in
relation to other groups .
Employers have also retained high power and
dignity through collective Bargaining .
A PROCESS OF SOCIAL
CHANGE
21. It serves a peace treaty between the employers
and employees.
However the settlement between the two parties
is a compromise.
A PEACE TREATY BETWEEN
TWO PARTIES
22. It creates a system of industrial jurisprudence It is
a method of introducing civil rights into industry.
It established rules , which define and restrict the
traditional authority under joint control of union
and management.
A SYSTEM OF INDUSTRIAL
JURISPRUDENCE.
23. Collective bargaining leads to industrial peace in
the country.
The discrimination and exploitation of workers is
constantly being checked.
It provides a method or the regulation of the
conditions of employment of those who are directly
concerned about them.
IMPORTANCE TO SOCIETY
24. It becomes easier for the management to resolve
issues at the bargaining level rather than taking up
complaints of individual workers.
Collective bargaining tends to promote a sense of
job security among employees and thereby tends
to reduce the cost of labor turnover to
management.
Collective bargaining opens up the channel of
communication between the workers and the
management and increases worker participation in
decision making.
Collective bargaining plays a vital role in settling
and preventing industrial disputes.
IMPORTANCE TO EMPLOYERS
25. Collective bargaining develops a sense of self respect and
responsibility among the employees.
It increases the strength of the workforce, thereby, increasing
their bargaining capacity as a group.
Collective bargaining increases the morale and productivity of
employees.
It restricts management’s freedom for arbitrary action against
the employees..
The workers feel motivated as they can approach the
management on various matters and bargain for higher
benefits.
It helps in securing a prompt and fair settlement of
grievances.
It provides a flexible means for the adjustment of wages and
employment conditions to economic and technological
changes in the industry, as a result of which the chances for
conflicts are reduced.
IMPORTANCE TO EMPLOYEES
26. According to Fosson JA ,there are four types of
collective bargaining :-
Distributive or conjunctive bargaining:-
- Economic issues like wages , salaries and bonus are
discussed
Integrative or cooperative Bargaining:-
-Both the parties may gain or least neither party loses.
-It tends to be more cooperative
Productivity Bargaining :-
-Substantial benefits based on productivity standards
-Management control over workplace relations.
Composite Bargaining :-
-Wages with equity.
TYPES OF COLLECTIVE
BARGANIANG:-
27. Employment
Recognition of union
Wages and allowances, hours of work
Leave and festival holidays
Bonus & profit sharing schemes
Seniority and rationalism
Fixation of workloads
Standard of labor force
PF, gratuity and other retirement benefit schemes
Incentive schemes
Housing & transport facilities
Issues related to discipline and stop rules
SUBJECT MATTER OF
COLLECTIVE BARGAINING:
28. Working conditions
Issues related to safety and accident prevention,
occupational diseases and protective clothing
Employment benefits such as canteens, medical &
health services and crèches
Administration of welfare funds
Cooperative thrift and credit societies
Educational recreational and training schemes
CONT…
29. INDIVIDUAL BARGAINING
Employment at will –
unwritten contract
created when employee
agrees to work, but no
agreement exists as to
how long parties expect
employment to last.
Seniority means little
Concept of supply and
demand
Employment at will
30. FORMS OF BARGAINING
STRUCTURES
One company
dealing with a
single union
Several companies
dealing with single
union
Several unions
dealing with a
single company
Several companies
dealing with
several unions
32. BARGAINING ISSUES
Document that results from collective bargaining
process is labor agreement or contract
Recognition
Management Rights
Union Security
Compensation and Benefits
Grievance Procedure
Employee Security
33. PROFESSIONAL
ORGANIZATION
NATIONAL & INTERNATIONAL UNIONS:
A. Craft Unions:
Members have particular skill or occupation.
B. Industrial Unions:
Members work in a particular industry
Multiple occupations represented
34. American Federation of Labor & Congress of
Industrial Orgs. (AFL-CIO)
Most unions affiliated
Association to advance shared interests of unions
Represents unions’ interests related to public policy
CONT….
35. LOCAL UNIONS:
National unions have multiple local unions.
Negotiate at local level for locally determined rules,
etc.
Elect officers; bargain with help of national union
TRENDS IN UNION MEMBERSHIP
A. Peaked in 1950s at 1/3 employees
B. Fell steadily in 80s and 90s; public employee
membership steady
C. Currently 14% overall; 9% private sector
CONT….
36. According to Trained Nurse Association of India,
the association cannot be legally appointed as a
negotiating body at a local, state or national level.
It is also well documented that the nurses formed
the service association in various states and in
many places they also joined paramedical workers
and even fourth class employees unions where
they lose their professional standing.
ROLE OF TNAI IN BARGANING
AND POLICIES FOR STRIKE:-
37. To approach union/state Governments and other
employing agencies to form Grievances committees
solve all local problems, personal or professional,
wherever possible.
To have a state level committee with a TNAI
representive to act as arbitrary in cases referred to
by the local Grievences committee.
To encourage and assist state government Nurses
services Associations in recognizing negotiating
bodies by the employers.
CONT….
38. The association would extend cooperation and
create opportunities for joint activities and action
under terms and conditions, where the state
Government Nursing organizations already exist.
TNAI and its members will not support any strike
controlled or voted by any union or organization
which includes employees other than nurses.
CONT…
39. The TNAI members may support a strike action
where the welfare of the member of the profession
as a whole, or the improvement of nursing services
to the community and the State Government
Nursing Association and State Branch ,TNAI agrees
under following conditions:-
The grievances if exist, be thoroughly investigated
by the Government Nurses Association and send a
report to local or state TNAI Executive.
The State Branch Executive, TNAI should be
satisfied with the report.
The association will legally approach the authority
for the correct situation.
CONT….
40. If no action is taken by the authorities despite all
efforts, the members of the Government Nursing
association will be asked to vote for strike.
A strike notice should be given at least two months
before the date of strike.
Action plans to be used including rendering
emergency nursing care during the strike should be
made jointly by the Government Nurses Association
and TNAI.
Inform all members about the action plan and to
acts as professional during the strike.
CONT….
