China

2. Introduction of History of the art of
garden design of china
• Chinese is one of the largest and oldest
countries in the world. Continuous civilization
and gardening has been an integrated part of
their culture for thousands of year.
• The gardens at that time include:
• Vegetable garden
• Fruit orchards
• Medical gardens of scholars and doctors
• Modern botanical garden

3. Vegetable garden of Chinese

4. Fruit orchards in china

5. Medical gardens of scholars and
doctors
• Kura Chinese medical
garden.

6. Chinese botanical gardens

7. • Traditional private gardens which are built by
the wealthy upper class were highly stylized
art form of gardens in china.
• Those Chinese and Japanese garden design
traditionally is intended to evoke the natural
landscape of mountains and rivers. But their
point

8. of view was different Chinese gardens where
intended to be viewed from within the
garden and are intended as a setting for
everyday life.

9. HISTORY OF THE ART OF GARDEN OF
CHAINA
• The Chinese garden is a landscape garden
design used for over three thousand years.
• These gardens include
• Vast gardens of the Chinese emperors and
members of the Imperial Family, that were
built for pleasure and attraction

10. • Intimate gardens created by scholars, poets,
former government officials, soldiers and
merchants, made as an escape from the real
world.
• They create an idealized landscape, which is
meant to express the harmony that should
exist between man and nature.

11. • By moving from structure to structure, visitors
can view a series of carefully composed
scenes, unrolling like a scroll of landscape
paintings.

12. • Yuan During the Qin dynasty (221–206 BC),
Yuan became the character for all gardens.
The old character for Yuan is a small picture of
a garden.
• The Legend of the Isle of the Immortals
• An ancient Chinese legend played an
important part in early garden design.

13. Periods of Chinese history
• Han Dynasty (206 BC–220 AD)
• Gardens for poets and scholars (221–618 AD)
• The Orchid Pavilion inspired the Emperor
Yangti (604–617)
• Tang Dynasty (618–907), First Golden Age of
the Classical Garden
• Song Dynasty (960–1279)

14. • Ming Dynasty (1368–1644)
• Yuan Dynasty (1279–1368)

15. Han dynasty (206 BC–220 AD)

16. The Orchid Pavilion inspired the
Emperor Yangti (604–617)

17. Tang Dynasty (618–907), First Golden
Age of the Classical Garden

18. Ming Dynasty (1368–1644)

19. Yuan Dynasty (1279–1368)

20. Historically there are three types of
garden in china
• Royal
• Religious
• Private
• Royal
Grand in scale and magnificent in appearance
with an aim of material splendor, colorful
design and majesty.

22. An excellent example of this is the “yihe
yuan” “summer palace” the imperial garden in
Beijing.
• Religious
Simple compact, elegant and quiet with the
purpose of assisting in the pursuit of spiritual
integration of man and nature.
Tample gardens such as those around the
famous Buddhist site are a good examples of
religious gardens

24. • Private
Designed in compact layout, simple and
elegant, the focus is on naturalness and a
retreat from the busy world. These are
perhaps the most quintessential examples of
Chinese landscaping and those around
suzohiu are the most famous in particular
Zhuozheng Yuan the humble administrator’s
garden is favorite.

26. • It was built adjacent to the residence of a
wealthy merchant or government official.
Even the owners of large states carved out
smaller areas serves this purpose.

27. Material elements of Chinese garden
• Rockeries
There is an old Chinese saying that “Gardens
attraction is nothing but two things water and
mountain

30. • 2. Water
Traditionally a garden wasn’t considered a
garden, in china unless it was made up of at
least one third water. So it was obviously a
very important component, which makes
sense with it movement and prosperity.

32. • Water adds liveliness to outdoor space. It can
help regulate temperature and humidity
reduces dust, provide irrigation and even
prevent fire.
• The most dominant element is a small pond
or a series connected ponds, filled with kal.

33. 3.plants
• Plants to a garden are said to be like ‘hair’ to
a person. Interestingly while trees and flowers
are essential to a classical Chinese garden.
They are not the most important factor.
• The three plants which are called the “three
friends of winter” are:
• Bamboo
• Pine tree
• Flowering plum blossom

35. • These are so called because they provide color
and growth during the harsh winter season.
Under Confucianism principles they also
represent wisdom, friendship, respectability &
strength through adversity.

36. Plant named lotus which growth on water and give a beauty
for the water part of the garden.

37. Pinus bungeana is valued for its
mullty colored bark. Different kinds of roses which
brings beauty, unity, respect,
wisdom and prosperity.

38. Architecture
• A building by the water with windows all
round a Xie, a large hall is a tang & small one a
quan or Xuan,a two story structure is a lou,
one with windows all around on the second
floor is aqe, covered wall ways are long & a
balustra ded terrace on the water tail. The
pavilion or thing by the zig-zag bridge was
given the name chongyuam by the our
shanghai designers which means the “ heart
of lake pavilion”.

39. Doorways and
windows of varied
shapes serve as
picture frames o
adjacent garden
element. (a moon
gate frames)

40. Zig-zag bridge which they thought that it will
protect them from bad spirits that walk through
straight line.

43. Organization of the elements in most
of Chinese gardens
• Around the ponds, rocks are applied in various
configurations to resemble natural out crops
or even small mountains.
• Plants are placed naturalistically and
somewhat sparingly with in this miniature
scenery of lakes and mountains.

44. • The agricultural elements serve as frame
around the garden. The whole is typically
separated from neighboring properties by a
high wall, while a covered walkway provides a
way to stroll around the central landscape and
view it from different angles.

45. Four main design features
• The four main design features incorporated
into classical Chinese garden design can be
summarized as meaningful conception, clear
approach, igneous layout and expert
technique.

46. • Conception
 This is the principle symbol to judge the art
of gardening and its indirect cultural
connotation. It should appear like a Chinese
painting or poetry to epitomize the spirit and
beauty of the mountains and waters.

47. • Approach
 The thorough investigation and mapping
out of principles before designing this requires
an understanding of natural environment and
social culture. Simply put this means studying
the guidelines well; knowing the purpose or
requirements of the site (the audience); as
well as recognizing any restrictions (local,
council and otherwise); and not forgetting to
always consider balance of yin yang, wu Xing,
ba gua etc.s

48. • Layout
 Should suit local condition and natural
features. The aim is to create a large space
within the tiny .this can include creation of
scenes – dividing space into smaller areas to
make it appear grander.
 Contrast is also regularly employed to add
depth of scenery as well as broadening the
main space visually - differences in size,
height, density, regularity Brightness,
movement, and color.

49. • Technique
 This final design feature consists of three
primary artistic approaches. These are known
as borrowing views from outside, using
opposite scenes and constructing scenes
according to seasonal and climatic varieties
these are entirely unique to Chinese garden
design and require some explanation and
illustration.

50. Examples of Chinese garden design
• - Haidian district, northwest of central
Beijing
• - Well conserved royal garden in the world,
largest of its kind
• - Built desiring breeze in hot summer
• - For some period of time the dowager
Empress made summer palace her permanent
residence

51. • Chengdu mountain resort
• About 100 miles northeast of Beijing
• Edifice of this garden started in 1703 and
came to an end in 1792 taking around 89
years
• Area coverage of the garden is roughly 245
acres (99.225 hectare) making it twice bigger
than that of summer palace

53. • The Humble Administrator’s garden
• Established in 1509, in Suzhou
• Considered as mother of Chinese gardens
• It has the indispensable garden intrinsic worth
and a pond with mandarin ducks

55. • A Ming Dynasty garden
• In Yangzhou about 50 mile northeast of
Nanjing
• Rebuilt in 1818 with a focus on the rockery
• Rock symbolizes the 4 season in a year and
column rising forest to floor of a cave were
added to the bamboo
• This garden is the combination of ‘grandness
of northern gardens with elegance of
southern garden’
• Have lotus pool in the summer section is
covered with water with fragrance

57. • Lingering Garden
• In Suzhou about 50 miles west of Shanghai
• Custom built in 1593 by a government officials
• It has been reconstructed several times
because of updating and world war two

59. Done by
• Mizan Mulat
• Rediet Muluneh
• Betelhem Yeheyis
• Loza merid
• Mesay Demena
• Nitsuhfiker Girma

60. THANK YOU FOR
YOUR ATTENTION