Candida vaginitis is caused by the fungus Candida albicans. It presents with intense vulvovaginal discharge, dyspareunia, and a thick, curdy white discharge on examination that resembles cottage cheese and adheres to the vaginal walls. Diagnosis is made via wet smear, and treatment involves removing predisposing factors as well as using local and oral antifungal creams, ointments, pessaries, or single dose therapies like fluconazole or itraconazole.