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Week 2: Chapter 2
 Explain
        why definitions are important and
 why there can be more than one definition of
 communication
 Identifyhow definitions vary in terms of
 breadth, intentionality, sender/receiver
 orientation and importance of symbols
 Explainthe three functions of models as well
 as their drawbacks
 Distinguish
            between the psychological, social
 constructionist and pragmatic perspectives
 Explain
        for any given model which
 perspective it belongs to

 Criticize
         each perspective by describing it’s
 weaknesses

 Understand   the cultural studies perspective

 Identify
        the elements of communication in
 Hymes’s SPEAKING model.
   A good definition of
    communication tells
    us what behaviours
    count as
    communication,
    which ones don’t and
    also its essential
    characteristics.
 Describing            Describing  the
  something that         practical use of
  already exists:        something:
  objective.             subjective.
 Theoretically         Multiple
  there is one           definitions based
  correct definition     on individual
  for everything.        needs and
                         experiences.
…   a process of acting on information

… the discriminatory response of an organism
 to stimulus

…   an effort after meaning

… a human process through which we make
 sense out of the world and share that sense
 with others

… the transmission of ideas, emotions, skill,
 etc by the use of symbols …
 How    broad is communication?

 Is   communication intentional?

 Is   communication sender or receiver based?

 Is   all communication symbolic?
 Explanatory
            function: breaking down
 complex processes into constituent parts and
 showing how the parts are connected.

 Predictive
           function: helps answer questions
 about the future (based on patterns in the
 model).

 Control
        function: helps us guide our
 behaviour and work out where we may have
 gone wrong (how to control a process).
 They   are incomplete

 They   can be misleading if oversimplified

 There   are many ways to model a process

 They   make assumptions about processes
1.   Psychological Perspective

2.   Social Constructionist Perspective

3.   Pragmatic Perspective

4.   Cultural Studies Perspective
Communication is a psychological process
whereby two (or more) individuals exchange
meanings through the transmission and
reception of communication stimuli
Chapter 2   definitions, models & perspectives
Communication is a process whereby people
in groups, using the tools provided by their
culture, create collective representations of
reality.
Chapter 2   definitions, models & perspectives
Communication is a system of interlocking,
interdependent behaviours that become
patterned over time.
Chapter 2   definitions, models & perspectives
Any given culture is, in fact, a web of
interconnected acts of communication, much
of which lies below the surface.
Chapter 2   definitions, models & perspectives
Chapter 2   definitions, models & perspectives
DAY                 TASK
Monday            Notes for Objectives 1-4
Tuesday           Notes for Objectives 5-8
Wednesday         Start Reading Log #1
Thursday          Finish Reading Log #2
Weekend           Key words from Chapter 2
                  Preview Chapter 3

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Chapter 2 definitions, models & perspectives

  • 2.  Explain why definitions are important and why there can be more than one definition of communication  Identifyhow definitions vary in terms of breadth, intentionality, sender/receiver orientation and importance of symbols  Explainthe three functions of models as well as their drawbacks  Distinguish between the psychological, social constructionist and pragmatic perspectives
  • 3.  Explain for any given model which perspective it belongs to  Criticize each perspective by describing it’s weaknesses  Understand the cultural studies perspective  Identify the elements of communication in Hymes’s SPEAKING model.
  • 4. A good definition of communication tells us what behaviours count as communication, which ones don’t and also its essential characteristics.
  • 5.  Describing  Describing the something that practical use of already exists: something: objective. subjective.  Theoretically  Multiple there is one definitions based correct definition on individual for everything. needs and experiences.
  • 6. … a process of acting on information … the discriminatory response of an organism to stimulus … an effort after meaning … a human process through which we make sense out of the world and share that sense with others … the transmission of ideas, emotions, skill, etc by the use of symbols …
  • 7.  How broad is communication?  Is communication intentional?  Is communication sender or receiver based?  Is all communication symbolic?
  • 8.  Explanatory function: breaking down complex processes into constituent parts and showing how the parts are connected.  Predictive function: helps answer questions about the future (based on patterns in the model).  Control function: helps us guide our behaviour and work out where we may have gone wrong (how to control a process).
  • 9.  They are incomplete  They can be misleading if oversimplified  There are many ways to model a process  They make assumptions about processes
  • 10. 1. Psychological Perspective 2. Social Constructionist Perspective 3. Pragmatic Perspective 4. Cultural Studies Perspective
  • 11. Communication is a psychological process whereby two (or more) individuals exchange meanings through the transmission and reception of communication stimuli
  • 13. Communication is a process whereby people in groups, using the tools provided by their culture, create collective representations of reality.
  • 15. Communication is a system of interlocking, interdependent behaviours that become patterned over time.
  • 17. Any given culture is, in fact, a web of interconnected acts of communication, much of which lies below the surface.
  • 20. DAY TASK Monday Notes for Objectives 1-4 Tuesday Notes for Objectives 5-8 Wednesday Start Reading Log #1 Thursday Finish Reading Log #2 Weekend Key words from Chapter 2 Preview Chapter 3