1. Philosophical Foundations of Education
Philosophy and Education
Philosophy deals with the most basic issues that human beings face–the issues of reality, truth, and value…. By George R. Knight
Mailyne V. Bacongco

2. ss
Key Concepts of the General Philosophies
References:
Doris D. Tulio 2008, “ Foundation of
Education 2 Second Edition”
National Bookstore, Mandaluyong
City, p. 135-151
HISTORY OF
PHILOSOPHY
Annick M. Brennen 2001,
“Philosophy of Education” Sounds of
Encouragement, Nassau, The
Bahamas
Vicki Martinez 2008 “Philosophy of
Education “Southeastern Technology
Leadership Program
Assumption
Logic
Role of Teacher
Teaching Assumption
Method
Nature
Educational EDUCATION Nature
AIM
Aim
Role Assumption
of Teacher
Character
Development
Curricular Emphasis
Teaching Method
Educational Nature
Aim
Epistemology
for pragmatists, only
those things that are
experienced or
observed are real.
Curricular Emphasis
Teaching Role of Teacher
Method
Ethics
The Nature of
Realism
Is a Axiology
system of thought
that emphasizes the
importance of mind,
soul or spirit.
Schools exist to discover and
expand the society we live in.
Students study social
experiences and solve
problems.
Teaching Method
Believes in the world
as it is.
Educational Aim
What reasoning processes
yield valid conclusions?
God is the absolute ideal and all
positive values are fully realized
and enjoyed through Him.
Metaphysics
refers to the
nature of things,
or how actions or
events are related
to one another.
Sources for your
educational
philosophy are your
life experiences, your
values, the
environment in which
you live, interactions
with others and
awareness of
philosophical
approaches
the For Help The teaching focus social world the efficiency
is methods is students on uncertain freedom,
focus
realize
and
the Train irresistible incomplete. on mastery development the necessity It of allows students facts of a earths
and
room
of
to
continuously authentic physical for basic improvement.
skills forces
individuals, through
and actively
quest demonstration for information as
and
and
we production make meaning of new of ideas
our
recitation.
lives.
needed to adjust to an ever-changing
teaching methods
focus on hands- on
problem solving,
experimenting, and
projects, often having
students work in groups.
the aim is to
understand
*objective reality
through "the diligent
and unsparing
scrutiny of all
observable data.“
the Realist curriculum
emphasizes the
subject matter of the
physical world,
particularly science,
mathematics,
literature and
bibliography.
Encourages people to find
processes that work in order
to attain desired goals.
Creation of new social order
Integrated and based on the
problem of the society
Subjects are interdisciplinary
Academic and vocational
disciplines
The Focuses primary on qualities the
of
experience experiences exist of in the
the
physical individuals.
world.
Keeps Chief Inquiry One sources of order in the class
Making To To develop train group Approach
the the Facilitates individual oldest decisions of
individual
schools
in
for
inspiration
Question light spiritually, of of thoughts consequences
significant – group mentally, Answer
which work
and
its
Encourage Method
morally
origin traced and back offers
and
to
Creator meaningful of educational
suggestion, Plato’s ideas
existence
environment
questions
and help in planning
Curriculum planner
Teaching methods focus on
handling ideas through
lecture, discussion, and
Socratic dialogue.
Believe that
investigating and
reasoning are
important in any
effective adjustment
to the real world in the
control of experience.
is the branch of
philosophy that
examines what
people know and
how and why they
hold certain beliefs
deals is the study with of moral
values value or of the things doing and
of
good toward others or
discovering
oneself; the study of the
whether principles of actions,
human
duty; things the study of all
or
moral qualities that
circumstances distinguish an individual
are
relative good and to others
virtuous.
Deductive:
KEY CONCEPTS
It is based on the view
that reality is what we
observe.
Every individual is born good, and
is capable to sense, perceive, and
think.
Past is a potential
instrumentality for dealing
with the future.
Help develop initiative and
ability to control their
experiences
OF THE
GENERAL
Pragmatists Offers individuals a believe
way of
that thinking about reality the
is
constantly meaning of life.
changing
and that we learn
best through applying
our experiences and
thoughts to problems,
as they arise
Mind is like a mirror
receiving images from the
physical world.
Schools exist to
sharpen the mind and
intellectual processes.
If school society.
existed at all, they
would be places that assist
students in knowing
themselves and learning of
their place in society.
Curricular Emphasis
1. Mathematics
2. Science
3. History
4. Reading
5. Music
6. Art
Curricular Emphasis
Stresses the mental,
moral and spiritual nature
of an individual and his
universe.
Character
Development
The self is the ultimate reality of
individual experiences.
Experience is not primarily
an affair in knowing but is
incidental in the process of
acting, doing and living.
PHILOSOPHIES
The students would be taught
factual information for
mastery
School exist to reveal
the order of the world
and universe. Students
are taught factual
information.
Character Development
the curricular emphasis is
subject matter of mind:
literature, history,
philosophy, and religion
The Literature
mind of a child at birth
is History
similar to a blank sheet
of paper upon which the
Arts
world proceeds to write its
impressions.
Humanities
Values depend on how individual
persons pass and enjoy them in
their experiences.
Students are taught
the wisdom of past
heroes.
If subject Advocates matter that education
existed, it
would is both be a basic a need matter and a
of
interpretation basic right of such a man
as the arts,
ethics or philosophy
Mailyne V. Bacongco
Philosophical Foundations of Education
IDEALISM
END
Role of School
An agency of the society
Thinking institution
Character is developed
through imitating examples
and heroes.
Social values are realized when an
individual recognizes that he is a
part of the total society.
Key concepts of the General
Philosophy
EXISTENTIALISM
Role of Teacher
Good provider of experiences
Effective questioner
Mental disciplinarian
Role of School
Create an atmosphere for
active interaction
Plan better solutions to their
everyday problems
Discuss the different
situations based b an
individual
Individual responsibility
for decisions and
preferences
Assumption
Existence precedes essence
Key concept of the General Philosophy
PRAGMATISM
A miniature society
Gives child balance and
genuine experience in
preparation for
democratic living
Place where ideas are
tested, implemented
and restructured
Sensation is not merely a
gateway but the avenue of
active relation with the
world
Key concepts of the General Philosophy
REALISM
Role of School
Further develop discipline
Utilize pupil activity
through instruction
Speak with authority
Regard the pupil as more
superior than other
objects
Character Development
character is developed
through training in the
rules of conduct
*is whatever remains true whether you believe in it
or not
AREAS OF
PHILOSOPHY
Aesthetic
is the philosophical
reasoning from the general
area to the particular that focuses All children
on
the can learn. artistic, Bret is a sensual,
fifth
grader. He has a learning
or disability. beautiful Can Bret learn?
aspects
of anything,
including movement.
Inductive:
reasoning from the specific
to the general. After
experimenting with plant
growth under varied
conditions, students
conclude plants need water
and light
SOURCES OF
ONE’S
EDUCATIONAL
PHILOSOPHY
The birthplace of
philosophy was the
seaport town of
Miletus, and for this
reason, the first
philosophers were
called Milesians or
Ionians
Philosophy
comes from the
Greek words philo,
meaning love and
sophia meaning
wisdom. It means
“the love of
wisdom”.
EDUCATION
Education in its general sense
is a form of learning in which
the knowledge, skills,
and habits of a group of
people are transferred from
one generation to the next
through teaching, training, or
research.