This short Power Point is a short introduction to the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). With diagrams and descriptive texts the Power Point along with a talk is more than enough of an introduction the worlds most famous and largest Particle Accelerator in the world. Download the Power Point for the full effect and to view the animations.

1. Particle Accelerators:
First thing that comes to mind?

2. The Large Hadron Collider LHC

3. Where is the LHC?

4. The LHC
One of eight accelerators at CERN
Others being:
The Antiproton Decelerator (AD)
The Compact Linear Collider Study (CLIC)
CERN neutrinos to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
Isotope Separator On-Line (ISOLDE)
The neutron facility (n_TOF)
The Proton Synchrotron (PS)
The Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) Also dubbed The First Lord of the Rings

5. The LHC
It took over 10,000 physicists and engineers, from over 85 countries, over
several decades to build the LHC.
Founding members
Members who joined CERN later

6. The LHC
175m underground
The protons the earth’s in circumferencec
0.001% of are movingdiameter
27Km at 99.999999%
0.06% of the earth’s circumference
At that speed they go around the 27Km over 11000 times a second!!!!

7. How Does It Work?

8. How Does It Work?
The PSB accelerates
Finally the SPS fires the two
A proton beam is fired out
The proton beam to LHC
the PS beams into the
proton carries the proton
and reach a speed of 0.3c
accelerator. By the time the
beam the proton ejects it into
0.87c round and beam
before entering the Proton
the Superoccurround
is then carried the proton
collisions Proton Synchrotron
Synchrotron Booster (PSB).
(SPS). are being carried at
the Proton
beams
Synchrotron(PS).
0.999999c.

9. How Does It Work?
The acceleration in the main LHC ring is carried out by
large superconducting dipole magnets.
The large magnets are cooled to -271⁰C (2.15K) with a
liquid helium cooling unit to allow the wiring to carry
currents in excess of 13,000 Amps.
“If the LHC had been made of conventional magnets, it would have needed to be 120 km
long to reach the same energies, and its electricity consumption would have been
phenomenal.”
-Closing the gap: descent of the last LHC magnet, http://press.web.cern.ch/press/PressReleases/Releases2007/PR05.07E.html, 26/04/2007

10. How Does It Work?

11. How Does It Work?
LHC Detectors
ATLAS – A Toroidal LHC Apparatus
CMS – Compact Muon Solenoid
LHCb – LHC-beauty
ALICE – A Large Ion Collider Experiment
LHC Experiments
TOTEM – Total Cross Section, Elastic Scattering and Diffraction Dissociation
LHCf – LHC-forward
MoEDAL – Monopole and Exotics Detector At the LHC

12. How Does It Work?
In the centre of the detector the collisions
occur these are known as “events”.
The detectors track the subatomic particles
as they scatter away from the collisions.
These tracks can be used to work out the
subatomic particles that have scattered. Each
particle produces a unique track when
effected by a magnetic field.

13. How Does It Work?

14. The Results

15. The Results

16. What Particles Are Collided And Why?
Primarily proton – proton collisions

17. What Particles Are Collided And Why?
To recreate the conditions of the universe less than a billionth of a
second after the big bang.
To bring things back
to there most simple
form and find out
how things stick
together.

18. Current Science at the LHC
Supersymmetry search
Standard Model Work
Search for FCNC single top-quark production
Search for exotic particles
Search for the Higgs Boson
!!!!!And many others!!!!!

19. LHC Turn Off
On Friday 19th September 2008
The LHC Shutdown: due to an incident in
LHC Sector 3-4 which resulted in a large
helium leek into the tunnel from the liquid
helium cooling system.
In the picture is a joint between the magnets that holds super-cooled wiring, as it
should be (left) and what the error caused (right).
Each magnet weighs in the region of 20 Tons and the “explosion” of the heated wiring moved
the magnets about a foot, damaging about 50 of the ~1700 magnets of the LHC.

20. What Has It Taught Us?
Higgs Boson
The LHC’s ATLAC and CMS has given us “Tantalizing” hints of the Higgs
Boson but has not confirmed it.
But they have narrowed down what the
expected mass of the boson is to be. They
now believe with 95% certainty that the
boson will be found with a mass somewhere
in the range of 114 GeV and 141 GeV
- http://www.symmetrymagazine.org/breaking/category/lhc-results/, 18/11/2011

21. The Future of the LHC
The LHC continues its hunt for the infamous Higgs Boson as it
carries out other major experiments in the fields of
SupperSymmetry and the search for exotic particles
The LHC will operate at its current energy of 4 TeV per beam until the end of 2012
where it will go into a 20 month shutdown for upgrades to allow the collider to work
at a power of 7 TeV per beam, reopening is planned for late 2014.

22. Conclusion
The LHC is a place where theories are being broken and new theories made
to take their place.
“Only experimental data using the high energies reached by the LHC can
push knowledge forward, challenging those who seek confirmation of
established knowledge, and those who dare to dream beyond the
paradigm.”
-The Large Hadron Collider: Our understanding of the Universe is about to change..., http://public.web.cern.ch/public/en/lhc/lhc-en.html
“Nothing is so dangerous to the progress of the human mind than to assume
that our views of science are ultimate, that there are no mysteries in nature,
that our triumphs are complete, and that there are no new worlds to
conquer.”
-(Brian Cox quoting Humphrey Davy), http://www.ted.com/talks/brian_cox_what_went_wrong_at_the_lhc.html