A Century of Italian Aircraft Innovation
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Alenia Aermacchi is a global aerospace company with over 100 years of experience in designing, developing, producing, and supporting civil and military aircraft. It has built over 25,000 aircraft and its subsidiaries have built over 1,700 aircraft. Today, Alenia Aermacchi has two divisions for civil and military aircraft, nine production centers, and supports over 200 customers in over 90 countries with a staff of over 11,000. Some of its most successful current programs include the M-346 advanced trainer, C-27J battlefield airlifter, ATR regional aircraft, SF-260 basic trainer, and the Eurofighter multi-role fighter.
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A Century of Italian Aircraft Innovation
- 1. Alenia Aermacchi global player: 100 years of design, development, production and support of civil and military aircraft
- 2. Gregory Alegi Paris | 19 June 2013 Alenia Aermacchi A century of Italian aircraft industry
- 3. 19 June2013|Gregory Alegi Ruffo 1.The Origins: Italian capitals, foreign technologies 2.Lean Years: Technology driven by records 3.Ten Years of Conflicts: Operations vs. Investment 4.Rebuilding an Industry: Forging links, conquering markets 5.Consolidating Names and Technologies: The National Champion 6.Conclusions
- 4. 19 June2013|Gregory Alegi Ruffo Year Total Flown Tests w/o flight Tests On display Insufficient data 1909 13 4 (30%) 2 3 4 0 1910 34 13 (38%) 6 9 4 2 1911 18 10 (55%) 0 7 0 1 1912 15 13 (87%) 0 2 0 0 1913 17 15 (88%) 1 0 0 1 1914 * 4 4 (100%) 0 0 0 0 Total 101 58 (57%) 10 22 8 4 Aircraft of Italian Design and Construction (1909-1914) * Until August Source: P. Magni archive data Tonini Monorebus, 1911 1913-1918 The Challenge of Building Aircraft The Origins
- 5. 19 June2013|Gregory Alegi Ruffo Nieuport Type 10.000 May 1, 1913: Nieuport-Macchi incorporated … after the first aircraft had been built The First Macchi 19 Nov 1912 F.lli Macchi decides to build two aircraft for Italian Army competition Agreement with Nieuport (France) Creates Aviation Dept. at F.lli Macchi By 31 Dec. 1912: 10 staff working on aircraft 5 Apr. 1913 -N-M in charge of tech management -F.lli Macchi in charge of production The Origins Technology Wood truss Fabric covering 80 HP engine No systems
- 6. 19 June2013|Gregory Alegi Ruffo Italian Aircraft Industry in Nov. 1918 From licenses to world-class own designs (M.5, SVA) Built 12,400 aircraft Outproduced main opponent by 230 % 27 airframe manufacturers, 360+ firms in industry Created quality standards and processes Ansaldo SVA prototype (1917) Macchi M.5 seaplane fighter (1916) Farman MF.14 Technology 400 HP engines Armament Gunsights The Origins
- 7. 19 June2013|Gregory Alegi Ruffo Lean Years Postwar market contraction: companies leave aviation Limited budgets, Army has lion’s share Technology stagnation, in part because of surplus stocks Airline market does not yet exist Creation of Italian Air Force stabilizes market From 1926 coherent industrial policy Controlled growth, cost-plus pricing Design firms specialized by role, standardized production Prototypes and racers to exercise design staffs 1919-1934 Technology Driven by Records Fiat CR.1 Romeo Ro. 1 Technology Steel truss 400 HP engine Early radios
- 8. 19 June2013|Gregory Alegi Ruffo Lean Years In 1927 43 aircraft built (47% under license) M.52 racers are 9% of total, 20% of proprietary The MC.72 racer 2,000+ HP First flown 22 June 1931 Systematic development (1931-34) Flutter, cooling, aerodynamics experience 709 kmph World speed record 23 October 1934 Records as R&D: the Macchi case Macchi MC.72 Provides know-how for MC.200 fighter Best performing first-gen Italian monoplane Leads to 2,500 aircraft family Macchi MC.200
- 9. 19 June2013|Gregory Alegi Ruffo Lean Years Italy at war in Ethiopia, Spain, WW2 Early successes, govt support lead to export success Quantitative growth constrains investment Multiplication of manufacturers and types Overlaps with technology revolution (trusses to stressed-skin, wood to metal etc) No planning for extended, global war Short-term success, medium-long obsolescence 1935-1945 Ten Years of Conflicts Fiat CR.32
- 10. 19 June2013|Gregory Alegi Ruffo Performance is Not Enough Fiat G.55 Several good designs hampered by Poor program management (changes etc.) Multiplication of undersized design offices Vertically integrated production model Skilled labor rather than capital investment Small batches rather than large orders Inadequate engine industry Peacetime procedures and mentality Two years to decide between three largely identical fighters Reggiane RE.2005 Technology Stressed-skin metal structures 1,475 HP engine Flaps, VP propeller, retracting gear, radio, oxygen Hydraulic, pneumatic and electrical systems Macchi C.205 Lean Years
- 11. 19 June2013|Gregory Alegi Ruffo Aerfer Sagittario 2° Facilities damaged/plundered Industry shrinks by a factor of 10 Technology gap Brain drain Punitive 1947 peace treaty Cold War and NATO turn the tide UK/US licenses critical to resume activity ERP/MDAP also crucial Rebuilding complete by 1956 1946-1956 Forging Links Technology Stressed-skin metal structures Jet engines Pressurized cockpits Ejection seats Macchi MB.308 Rebuilding an Industry
- 12. 19 June2013|Gregory Alegi Ruffo With Germany: Fiat G.91R/T With de-colonized countries: Macchi MB.326 With USA: Aerfer (overhauls, then DC-9) Transatlantic & pan-European: the F-104G program Receiving high-end tech Transferring moderate tech Product support Growing ambition 1956-1969 Forging Links Technology Avionics CNC Skills Collaborating Support Fiat G.91 Macchi MB.326 Douglas DC-9
- 13. 19 June2013|Gregory Alegi Consolidating Names and Technologies Design sophistication and market competition demand Overcoming fragmentation Concentrating and increasing R&D Critical mass Shift focus from manufacture to design Proprietary products (G.222/C-27, ATR, AMX) Internationalization 1969-2011 Towards a National Champion Fiat (airframes) + Aerfer + Salmoiraghi merge into Aeritalia 50/50 public-private partnership Technology Composites Skills System integration Test & Simulation Certification Boeing 767 ATR 42 Tornado
- 14. 19 June2013|Gregory Alegi Consolidating Names and Technologies From Aeritalia to Alenia Aermacchi C-27J M346 Concentration accelerates development Aeritalia (1969-1989) Launches Tornado, ATR, 767, AMX, Eurofighter Incubator for businesses later spun off Merger with Selenia to create Alenia (1990) Key player in reorganization of Italian A&D sector Aermacchi acquires SIAI Marchetti trainer line (1996) creating Italian training pole Alenia acquires Aermacchi (2003) Launch RRSP in 787 Industry concentration completed in 2012 Technology UAS Stealth Skills Partnership Upgrading Eurofighter
- 15. 19 June2013|Gregory Alegi A Century at a Glance
- 16. 19 June2013|Gregory Alegi Conclusions Industrial heritage ✈Over 25,000 aircraft built by Alenia Aermacchi and its heritage companies ✈Over 4,200 Alenia Aermacchi aircraft built by its licensees ✈About 1,700 aircraft built by Alenia Aermacchi subsidiaries ✈Aerostructures for about 15,000 aircraft Industrial organization ✈Two divisions for Civil and Military aircraft (incl. Trainers) ✈Nine integrated production centers (tech/product) ✈Leader in regional aircraft and trainers ✈Joint ventures and consortia (incl. Eurofighter, ATR, SJI) ✈Balanced military-civil production ✈Balanced proprietary and joint programs ✈Supports 200+ customers in 90+ countries ✈Over 11,000 staff A single company from January 1, 2012
- 17. 19 June2013|Gregory Alegi Conclusions The Fundamental Things Apply ✈Stable long-term vision ✈Committed to developing, integrating, building and supporting fixed-wing aircraft ✈Well-established international partnering skills with both US and European industry ✈The World’s oldest aircraft manufacturer in continuous existence under its name Thank you ! Merci ! Grazie !
- 18. Alenia Aermacchi today: The new generation advanced trainer that won all the open tenders so far - M-346, 57 aircraft ordered Best seller Battlefield airlifter - C-27J, 91 aircraft ordered
- 19. Best seller Regional passegner aircraft - ATR family, more than 1250 aircraft ordered Best Seller screener-basic trainer - SF-260, more than 900 aircraft ordered Best seller new generation Multi-role fighter - Eurofighter, 571 aircraft ordered
Hinweis der Redaktion
- Ringraziare la “vecchia banda”, in particolare ing. Gianni Cattaneo e Giulio Valdonio, poi ing. Neviani e dr. Buzio.
- Ringraziare la “vecchia banda”, in particolare ing. Gianni Cattaneo e Giulio Valdonio, poi ing. Neviani e dr. Buzio.
- Ringraziare la “vecchia banda”, in particolare ing. Gianni Cattaneo e Giulio Valdonio, poi ing. Neviani e dr. Buzio.
- Ringraziare la “vecchia banda”, in particolare ing. Gianni Cattaneo e Giulio Valdonio, poi ing. Neviani e dr. Buzio.
- Ringraziare la “vecchia banda”, in particolare ing. Gianni Cattaneo e Giulio Valdonio, poi ing. Neviani e dr. Buzio.
- Ringraziare la “vecchia banda”, in particolare ing. Gianni Cattaneo e Giulio Valdonio, poi ing. Neviani e dr. Buzio.
- Ringraziare la “vecchia banda”, in particolare ing. Gianni Cattaneo e Giulio Valdonio, poi ing. Neviani e dr. Buzio.
- Ringraziare la “vecchia banda”, in particolare ing. Gianni Cattaneo e Giulio Valdonio, poi ing. Neviani e dr. Buzio.
- Ringraziare la “vecchia banda”, in particolare ing. Gianni Cattaneo e Giulio Valdonio, poi ing. Neviani e dr. Buzio.
- Ringraziare la “vecchia banda”, in particolare ing. Gianni Cattaneo e Giulio Valdonio, poi ing. Neviani e dr. Buzio.
- Ringraziare la “vecchia banda”, in particolare ing. Gianni Cattaneo e Giulio Valdonio, poi ing. Neviani e dr. Buzio.
- Ringraziare la “vecchia banda”, in particolare ing. Gianni Cattaneo e Giulio Valdonio, poi ing. Neviani e dr. Buzio.
- Ringraziare la “vecchia banda”, in particolare ing. Gianni Cattaneo e Giulio Valdonio, poi ing. Neviani e dr. Buzio.
- Ringraziare la “vecchia banda”, in particolare ing. Gianni Cattaneo e Giulio Valdonio, poi ing. Neviani e dr. Buzio.
- Ringraziare la “vecchia banda”, in particolare ing. Gianni Cattaneo e Giulio Valdonio, poi ing. Neviani e dr. Buzio.