Outlines a "Systems Approach to IT Contracting" that, based on their own personal experiences and expertise, better serves many IT contract purposes. This approach quite thoroughly flushes out and documents the responsibilities and risks each party is willing (and able) to accept and the deliverables / deliverable quality each party will produce and approve, how to get a project back on track, and the renedies for failure to deliver. Done properly with dedicated IT Contracting Teams, this approach to IT Contracting will generally produce: (a) much better contracts, (b) stronger long term working relationships between the parties that can be very helpful if and when a disputes arise, and, (c) more understanding and control over planning, developing, and managing IT systems and project: estimates; schedules; staffing; progress awareness and reporting; functional AND performance requirements (scope creep); better testing regiments; quality assurance; project specific risks and stakeholder expectations.

1. IT Litigation & the ‘Bad’ Contracts That Foster Failure…
& What YOU Can Do About It!
IT Litigation & Contracting for Lawyers
MCLE 3.5 hour presentation
Part I. Why Systems Fail?
Part II. The IT Contract & the Systems Life Cycle
Part III. IT Related Contract Clauses
Part IV. More Contract Clauses: IT and General
By Steve Brower, Esquire Warren S. Reid, Managing Director
Buchalter Nemer PLC, Shareholder WSR Consulting Group, LLC
E-mail: sbrower@buchalter.com Management, Technology, e-Business & Litigation Consulting
Website: www.buchalter.com E-mail: wsreid@wsrcg.com
Office: 714/549-5150 Website: www.wsrcg.com
Office: 818/986-8842
© 2006-2009 by Warren S. Reid All Rights Reserved 1

2. Steven Brower , Esquire
Litigation shareholder with Buchalter Nemer
(sbrower@buchalter.com) in Orange County, California
30 years of litigation experience emphasizing Insurance
Coverage, Technology Litigation and Intellectual Property,
but also covering fraud, contracts, real estate, libel,
homeowner's associations, malicious prosecution
Trials, mediations, arbitrations in more than 10 states
Recent appeal, credited as the first in the United States,
where the Court of Appeal ordered a default, on fraud, in
favor of his client
Credited as the first attorney in the US to get a civil
injunction under 18 USC 1030 (Computer Fraud & Abuse
Act)
First published use of the term "software malpractice"
Presented formal paper to the Association of Computer
Machinery on Computer Contracting in 1982
Mainframe computer programmer for 10 years in Cobol,
APL, RPG II - one of the first public users of the Internet,
with access since 1973
2s
2m

3. Warren S. Reid
16 years as IT consultant Partner
Designed/implemented/contracted myriad systems
1988, founded:
WSR Consulting Group, LLC
Consultants/Experts in Computers & Software
Projects have included: Testifying expert/expert witness in matters re:
Helping launch FEO for Pres. Carter in 75 days The root causes of system failure
ERP project/sw: development; implementation;
Oversaw acceptance of CA’s Lotto in 100 days estimating; scheduling; resourcing; project mgt
Helped resurrect MESDAQ: day 1 failure. Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) issues
Extensive industry experience including: Systems/software testing & acceptance
Retail industry, grocery, fast food IT contract intention, meaning & interpretation
SW QA evaluation & fitness/usability purpose
POS systems of all kinds
Software requirements elicitation & control
E-business and e-commerce systems Valuing IT assets, systems and companies
Health care, hospital and HIPAA systems Testify: State/Fed Courts; Court of Fed Claims
Robotics and smart buildings, and more
Expert Witness for “Who’s Who” of
MS & MBA: Wharton Grad School Finance international business incl:
Developed seminal “IT Success Models” U.S. Dept of Justice & Pres. William Clinton
Part of 3 USC graduate school programs An Asian Stock Exchange; Pepsico;
Her Royal Majesty, the Queen of England;
2 law school programs in IT Contracting
Compuserve; Fortune 500 retailers;
Many peer-reviewed articles/book co-author Big -8 Consulting Firms
ERP software developers
Many more.
3w
2m © 2006-2009 by Warren S. Reid All Rights Reserved

4. Standish Group: Chaos Study Results 2004+
CHAOS Summary 2009:
+ success = 34% (delivered on time, budget, on target)
+ challenged = 44% (late, over budget, < required F&F)
+ failed = 24% (cancelled before complete; delivered & never used)
“… numbers represent downtick in success rates from previous study, and significant increase in
number of failures … low point in last five study periods & highest failure rates on over a decade.
4w
3m

5. Standish Group: Chaos Study Results 2004+
http://www.infoq.com/articles/Interview-
Johnson-Standish-
CHAOS;jsessionid=EC1E99A30C95AED4B93
60D061F8E1980
2m 5w

6. What is the Purpose of “Contract”??
TO ALLOCATE RISKS
6s
3m © 2006-2009 by Warren S. Reid All Rights Reserved

7. CONTRACTS ALLOCATE RISKS http://www.wsrcg.com/SoftwareFailXpert.php
7w
4m © 2006-2009 by Warren S. Reid All Rights Reserved

8. It’s the Same in Virtually Every Litigation … All Over the World!
“He Said … She Said”
System doesn’t work Customer changed mind
We can’t use it Client people not trained
System failed in field Client did not do BPR
Fundamental flaws Only “two more months”
They s/have told us They wouldn’t listen
System is full of bugs Bad data/conversion
Limited functionality Customer kept change scope
Developer failed @ SIPM Customer failed @ SIPM
Poor advice Poor cust decision-making
Unqualified personnel Wrong client people
Wrong devel process Poor client support
Oftentimes, BOTH sides are right & contribute to failure – but at different %s
SMART: Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, Trackable
16m © 2006-2009 by Warren S. Reid All Rights Reserved 8w

9. Customer Requirements: … Still Critical!
Standish
Group –
1995:
“18% of all
sw projects
fail due to
unclear
objectives &
incomplete
reqmts &
specs”
Would
you
think it
is
more,
or less,
today?
9s
3m © 2006-2009 by Warren S. Reid All Rights Reserved

10. Why Are Requirements So Hard… Still?
10 w
5m © 2006-2009 by Warren S. Reid All Rights Reserved

11. Three Sources
F&F*; (B&D**); specified or implied
“-abilities”; Sys Design & UI:
DD
DI
DN
DNA
Current and future
Business Case
Biz processes; Biz rules; Rules engine
Operations parms; Doc map
Accept Criteria; RTM; Gaps/Changes; Rollout
Target maint
Defect metrics
QA
More
* Features & Functions
© 2006-2009 by Warren S. Reid All Rights Reserved ** B&D: Breadth & Depth 11 w
4m

12. What is it?
$, Schedule, Requirements, QA?
Some MTBF?
First to Market?
Lowest Total Cost of Ownership?
Get next round of financing?
Meet biz Case, ROI, growth w less staffing?
Better customer service?
Is it being done? Correctly?
Vague, not measurable, afraid to commit (limit)
Not used as benchmark for requirements “chill”
Acceptance Criteria (Post GL maintenance and
enhancements) [Did you check References?]
© 2006-2009 by Warren S. Reid All Rights Reserved 12 w
5m

13. Scale Factors
Precedentedness
Development Flexibility
Architecture/Risk resolution
Team Cohesion
Process Maturity
Cost Drivers
Personnel
Analyst Capability (ACAP)
Analyst Experience (AEXP)
Programmer Capability
Platform Experience (PEXP)
Language and Tool Experience (LTEX)
Personnel Continuity (PCON)
Project
Use of Software Tools (TOOL)
Multisite Development (SITE)
Development Schedule (SCED)
Platform
Time Constraints (TIME)
Main Storage Constraints (STOR)
Platform Volitility (PVOL)
Product
Required reliability (RELY)
Database Size (DATA)
Product Complexity (CPLX)
Required Reusibility (RUSE)
Documentation match to lifecycle needs (DOCU)
8m © 2006-2009 by Warren S. Reid All Rights Reserved 13 w

14. Risks Known BEFORE Project Starts!
People/Resource Risks Project & Tech Mgmt Risks
Turnover, culture, x-comm. Client, Depts, Users, IT, Vend, O/S consults,
Top Mgt Commit; Proj Champ attys, custs, analyst, mkt “expectations”
Partner; Ref. Checks/Ref’s Refs Unclear Leadership – SIPM
Requirements Risks Process Risks
Poor Project Charter Project under- or mis-estimated
Defined, Baselined, Implied SEI-CMMi level; ETC &EVM Stds
Stability, Complexity Sched, $$, estimates, change control
Incomplete, Misunderstood, Gallop Not enough time for testing
I’faces, Data Conversion Shortcuts to SDLC on the fly
Technology Product & Other Risks
HW, SW, Net, D/B, Internet, Mobile Performance, testedness & readiness
Security; Privacy -abilities (scale, use, test, port, maint)
C – Correctness Competent T/O proc, supt, maint?
I – Integrity
A – Available compet; economy; org; regulatory
Tool avail? mature? train? use?
If you know beforehand… Plan, Contract for, Mitigate, Monitor, Manage Them!
© 2006-2009 Warren S. Reid All Rights Reserved
2006-
This model will change and be updated over time 14 s
10 m

15. What Can Possibly Be Misunderstood?!
… Everything!
People are different
People have different:
Objectives, perspective
Cultural bias, exp/educ/expertise
Styles of understanding/communicat’g
Abilities, talents, logic, creativity
Understanding of priorities
Fears: spoken and unspoken
Understanding of what is subjective v objective
Implied/understood unspoken (needs, reqts, sizzle)
So, what won’t be misunderstood?
© 2006-2008 Warren S. Reid All Rights Reserved
2006-
This model will change and be updated over time 15 s
4m

16. “We THOUGHT … Contract SAYS”
©2006-2009 by Warren S. Reid All Rights Reserved
# Category What was Understood: What the Contract Says:
1. Suitable System description Bounds scope; Uber-theme
2. What works? Functional requirements … as per specs dated _____
3. How well? Performance reqmts Scal- Port- Avail- Maint- Use- SMART
4. Who Does what? Roles & responsibilities RM? Dispute escal/resol? HR reqts?
5. How We Do It? Conduct of project WBS, estim, staff, delivs, PM, SDLC, bugs
6. Just for ME Custom programming services Config, SDLC, PM, est, test, I’face, maint
7. U prove 1st Sys integ/interface/Test/Convert Results NOT Resources; “Success” defin
8. Min Reqmts Accept Testing Process Who? How? When? Where? Criteria?
9. More Min Reqts Key Deliverables: QA; Train; Doc; Exist? Imply v spec? Depth? UI (DD, DI,
It Works! DN, DNA) Maintainable? Signoff Procs
10. & Tomorrow? Maint, upgrades, fixes T/Over stds? Work stds? LTCO? SLA?
11. $$ = Mouth? Proposals, workproduct, promises “Parole evidence” rule; 4 corners only
12. Go-Live ALL Systems Go! What’s acceptable? Checklist? Vote?
13. Other Costs/Pymts; ADR; TERMinate; Renew; There’s more to THE Sys than A sys (SOS):
Title; X-hire; Site prep; Install hw, sw, $$ limits; penalties; ownership; holdbacks;
nw, BPR; confid;$ protect; Liab
remedies; liability limits; privacy; hot sites
limits & exclusions
12 m 16 s

17. Why Are Contracts (K) So Important?
& Why Must YOU Know About Them?
Caveat: “Standard K form” favors V/large Ks; used as sub for good mgt/K activ
Caveat: K language often incomplete & ambig; drafters gone; shelf death
Clear & explicit delineation of Party rights, obligations & expectations
Requires ID, negotiation, appreciation others’ views, beliefs & objectives BEFORE deal
Generally produces much better :
working relationship during sane & emergency/surprise moments
prospect of proj success ($, Sch, F&F, QA, SH, Risk; <costs, staff, inv; > C serv, mkt share)
Must be a living document – able/willing to adapt to changes
Best K team knows: risks alloc, finan. resp, strong sense of VALUE, law skill
So, Best Team has: CXO, CFO, biz domain & tech eng/consult, lawyer
Matters of: Fact, Law, Evidence, Risk, Technology
© 2006-2008 Warren S. Reid All Rights Reserved
2006-
This model will change and be updated over time 17 s
4m

18. Introducing: The IT Contracts Model
Allocate Risks; Keep On Target; Helps Lead to Project Succes
© Copyright 1998 – 2008 By Warren S. Reid and Richard L. Bernacchi, Esq. All rights reserved
The IT Contracts Model ties together seminal work of:
Richard (Dick) Bernacchi, Esq.,
Partner Emeritus from Irell & Manella, LLP
A founder of the Computer Law field, and
Warren S. Reid, CMC, CFE, CSQE, CSTE
IT expert w 40 years experience in IT contracts, litigation & expert witness areas.
Model ties key tasks, decisions, deliverables & quality aspects of Systems
Development Life Cycle with related, key IT contract clauses.
The IT Contracts Model was created to enable vendors, integrators, PMs, executives
& SMEs to better understand where/how they fit into the IT contracting process & to
allow them to make informed & measurable contributions to IT Contract Team.
*SDLC: Systems Development Life Cycle
© 2006-2009 by Warren S. Reid All Rights Reserved
18 w
3m

19. The Systems Development Life Cycle: SDLC
All good methodologies
are the same!” WSReid
19 w
4m

20. The Systems Development Life Cycle: SDLC
Basics
Set Stage Personnel
Recitals
Systems Description Maintenance
General Provisions Warranties
Parties To The Contract Ownership & Protection
General Reps & Warranties Title
Definition Of Terms License Rights
Assignment Of Delegation Proprietary Rights Indemnity
Interpretation Of Agreement Confidentiality & Security
Functional Rqmts/Performance Measure Risks & Rights
Project Management Risk Of Loss/Damage
Project Timetable Insurance
Project Management & Reporting Price Protection
Project Costs & Schedule Payment Renewal Options
Purchase Options
Pre-Go Live Items Trade-In Rights
Site Preparation
System Configuration & Installation Termination & ADR
Training Term & Termination
Documentation Limits & Exclusions Of Liability
Low Level, System & Integration Taxes
Acceptance Testing Miscellaneous Protections
Dispute Resolution Mechanisms
Customize & Convert
Custom Programming Requirements Special Outsourcing Considerations
Conversion & Support Services
20 w
2m

21. The Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) &
Its Relationship to the “Successful” IT Contract
e IT
Sid
Basics
r Ex Ma
Set Stage e pe nag
wy rt
Sideme
La
Recitals
General Provisions e nt,
Parties To The Contract
General Reps & Warranties
Definition Of Terms
Systems Description
Assignment Of Delegation Functional Reqmts & Perform Measure
Interpretation Of Agreement Project Management
Ownership & Protection Project Timetable
Title Project Management & Reporting
License Rights Project Costs & Schedule Payment
Proprietary Rights Indemnity Pre-Go Live Items
Confidentiality & Security Site Preparation
Risks & Rights System Configuration & Installation
Risk Of Loss/Damage Training
Insurance Documentation
Price Protection Low Level, System & Integration
Renewal Options Acceptance Testing
Purchase Options Customize & Convert
Trade-In Rights Custom Programming Requirements
Termination & ADR Conversion & Support Services
Term & Termination Personnel
Limits & Exclusions Of Liability
Maintenance
Taxes
Miscellaneous Protections Warranties
Dispute Resolution Mechanisms Special Outsourcing Considerations
21 w
2m

22. Model III. The IT Contracts Model for Successful Contracts (Top Level)
2m © 2006-2009 by Warren S. Reid All Rights Reserved 22 w

23. The IT Contracts Model for Successful Contracts (Broken down – Lawyer side)
o
S ide
e r
wy o
La
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
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1m © 2006-2009 by Warren S. Reid All Rights Reserved 23 w

24. The IT Contracts Model for Successful Contracts (Broken down – IT side)
O
IT . .
O
Ex Man .
.
pe ag
O rt e
Sid men .
O e t,
O
O
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1m © 2006-2009 by Warren S. Reid All Rights Reserved 24 w

25. Model III. The IT Contracts Model for Successful Contracts (Detailed)
http://www.wsrcg.com/PDFs/model_itcontracting.pdf
28. TERM & TERMINATION (K) 11. GENERAL PROVISIONS (L)
22. RISK OF LOSS/DAMAGE (J)
28.1 Initial term of K(K) 28.2 Renew at Term(s)
28.3 Def of breach by V 28.4 Def of breach by B I. Parties to 'Contract' (L) Savvy MIS/IT Contracts that: Allocate Risks, Keep You on Target, Help Lead to Success
22.1 During shipment 28.4 Definition of breach by B i.1 Correct legal names i.2 Principal places of biz © Copyright 1998-2008 By Warren S. Reid & Richard L. Bernacchi, Esq. All rights reserved
28.5 Notice of breaches & cure provisions i.3 Legal Relat’shp to other entities involved in tranx
22.2 After shipment
28.6 Termination by V for breach by B i.4 State or jurisdiction of incorporat'n/formation.
22.3 Cross-reference to insurance provisions ABBREVIATIONS:
28.7 Termination by B for breach by V i.5 Authority of signatories
An ORAL contract isn't worth the paper its 1. RECITALS (A) 3. FUNCT RQMTS & PERFORMANCE MEASURES (B) K = Contract Pty = Party (to a contract)
23. INSURANCE (J) 28.8 Termination by V or B for insolvency/BK
23.1 V’s obligations to provide insurance
II. General Reps & Warranties (L) written on! 1.1 V’s areas of expertise, experience, etc. 3.1 Desc of biz funct to be performed (or x-ref to RFP) V = Vendor; B = Buyer BU = Backup
28.9 Obligs of V & B to assure smooth transition
ii.1 Legal status of entity ii.2 Auth to enter into K 0. BASICS (M) 1.2 B’s business & data processing rqmts 3.2 Rqmts Elicitation (RE)/Scope Change (s) Process SDLC = System Development Life Cycle
23.2 B’s obligations to provide insurance 28.10 Survival of certain provisions
23.3 Types & scope of coverage ii.3 No conflicting agreements 0.1 No such thing as a PERFECT contract (K) 1.3 V’s ability or experience to handle B’s rqmts - ID specif Users/Classes; assure/sched availability sw = softw are; hw = hardw are; nw = netw are
23.4 Acceptable underw riters
29. LIMITS & EXCLUSIONS OF LIABILITY (K) ii.4 No legal impediments ii.5 No brokers/agents 0.2 The PROCESS is key, NOT just the contract 1.4 Spec/execut'n of a quality RFP process; req V services - Prep timeline; ID RE technq/tools/docs used/produced proc = process; proj = project LT = Long Term
23.5 responsibility for payment of premiums 29.1 Express/ implied w arr disclaim not inc in K 0.3 K is a LIVING doc; w illing to adapt to change 1.5 B’s issuance of Request For Proposals (RFP) - Escalation/dispute resolution process PM = Project Manager recs = recom mendations
29.2 Exclusion of consequential damages III. Definition of Terms (L)
23.6 responsibility for processing claims 0.4 K lang often ambig/incomplete; Drafters gone 1.6 V’s Response to B’s RFP; feasibil, honest, suitabl - Scope s process: proposed, est all impacts, relat'shp = relationship proc = process(es)
23.7 Relat’shp to Limits of liability 29.3 Limits on V’s liabilities 29.4 Limits on B’s liabs IV. Assignment or Delegation (L) 1.7 Addtl docs or communications betw een B & V decis crit, doc, update ests, CPM, staff, monitor s = delta = change Desc = description
0.5 Clear/explicit delineat'n V/B rights, obligs, expects
29.5 Xcept'ns to disclaimers, exclusions/Limits iv.1 Restrictions on assignment &/or delegation 1.8 Proposal eval factors & assumpts affecting B’s decis'ns - Embrace change: Iterative, Incremental, interactive RFP = Request For Proposal ID= identify
0.6 Req. ID, negot, apprec others' view s, objs B4 deal
24. PRICE PROTECTION (J) 30. TAXES (K) iv.2 Exception for affiliated entities 1.9 Biz Case Discussion (?) 3.3 Incorp of Functional Requirem ents Docs rqm t = requirement; RE = Rqmts Elicitation (proc)
0.7 Generally produces much better:
24.1 Limits on future price or fee increases 30.1 Responsib for sales/use & prop taxes, etc. iv.3 Exception for business reorganizations - Rqts incl: success crit; '-abilities'; F&F current/future;
a. work'g relat during emergency/surprise periods 2. DESC OF SYSTEM (A) 5. PROJECT MANAGEMENT (PM) & REPORTING (C)
24.2 Disc'ts on future procurem'ts & period of Avail 30.2 Right to contest & indemnity iv.4 Except'n for sale or transfer of substant all biz UI; rpts; biz procs & rules; ops parms; doc m RTM;
ap;
24.3 Most favored cust treatment & period of Avail b. prospect of project success: 2.1 Desc/specs for equip, compo'nts, media, cable, etc. 5.1 Steering Comm role, structure, makeup, processes
30.3 responsibility for filing returns iv.5 Consents not unreasonably w ithheld GAPs/ss; rollout plan; test results; sys.stability; Go-
24.4 Guaranteed prices & period of Avail i. $, Sch, F&F, QA, SH, Risk 2.2 Configuration w arranty 5.2 SWAT Team role, structure, makeup, processes
30.4 responsibility for interest & penalties Live checklist; rqts s process/tools; defer/tradeoff;
24.5 Relat’shp to trade-in provisions V. Interpretation of Agreement (L) ii. < costs, staff, inv; > C serv, mkt share 2.3 Desc & specs for sys sw; current; complete; usable 5.3 Named Sys Integrator's role, resp, auth, accountability
30.5 Investment tax credit representations training plan; converted data; legacy I'face; security
v.1 Entire agreement v.2 Governing law 0.8 Best K Team know s: alloc risk; $ resp; law ; value 2.4 Desc & specs for packaged apps sw 5.4 Desc of V’s project team; Desc of B’s proj team
30.6 Remedies for breach invest tax credit reps passw ords; enabled Ops/ Maint. Groups, etc
25. RENEWAL OPTIONS (J) v.3 Venue of litigation or arbitration 0.9 Best Team:CXO; CFO; Law yer; SME/eng xperts 2.5 Desc & specs for custom mods to packaged apps 3.4 Incorp of V’s proposal(s), w ebsite, marketing matl, etc. 5.5 Designation of V’s PM; Designation of B’s PM
25.1 Renew al of hw maintenance support 31. MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS (K) v.4 Consent to in personam jurisdiction of courts 2.6 Desc & specs for custom sw apps to be devel by V 5.6 Determ SDLC METHOD to be used; rules to deviate
31.1 Avail of spare parts 3.5 Performance Parameters:
25.2 Renew al of sw maint &/or enhancem't support v.5 Situat'n making liquidated damages reasonable 2.7 List & Desc of all manuals, system & user docs, etc. 5.7 PM Tools/Measures: EVM; CPM; ETC; $/sch variances
a. Relationship to functional processing rqmts.
25.3 Lease renew al(s) 31.2 Specs for & Avail of supplies v.6 Joint participation in drafting of K Contracts are M 2.8 Incorp of RFP, proposals, brochures, mktg matls, etc. b. Types & volumes of data to be stored 5.8 V’s resp for PM; proj rpt'g: format; freq; distrib; detail
25.4 Calc of charges or fees w /i renew al period(s) 31.3 Covenant not to solicit employees v.7 Partial invalidity; severability NEVER Perfect 2.9 Sys Def (5 Rs: Right person; truck; tools; address; time) 5.9 V’s/B's resp: BPR/new proc dev, link, train, test, approv
31.4 Performance bonds v.8 Rem edies not exclusiv e L 2.10 Definitions of other terms & Relationship to system
c. Number of users; Locations
5.10 V’s resp to ID, manage, mitigate RISKS, probs, delays
26. PURCHASE OPTIONS (J) 31.5 Applicability of UCC d. Special features or capabilities
v.9 Num ber & gender v.10 Waivers CONTRACTING: 2.11 Testing: proc; types; rqm tools; staff; doc; S/O; crit
t; 5.11 B’s responsibity to address V's probs/recs in proj rpts
26.1 Guaranteed prices & period of Avail 31.6 Rules re publicity 31.7 Quiet enjoyment e. Hosting, SaaS, other service act w trial period
GENERAL STRATEGY 2.12 X-refs to other K provisions & exhibits (inc Biz Case) g. Use by affiliates 5.12 B’s responsibility to assist V
26.2 Credits for rent or lease payments 32. DISPUTE RESOLUTION MECHANISMS (K) PROVISIONS & TEAM Contracts 5.13 B’s responsibility for project problems or delays
h. Transfers to other CPUs or locations
26.3
26.4
Method of exercising option
Assignability of options
32.1 Mediation by designated party reps Balance liabil limits w
11. General Provisions: Contract Oxymorons ALLOCATE A i. Right to make copies, incl bkup or archiv copies 5.14 Relationship to project timetable
32.2 Arbitration essential purpose of Risks 5.15 Remedies for loss/reassignment of V’s Proj Mgr (PM)
- Parties - Gen'l Reps/Warranties - Clearly misunderst'd - Act Naturally SET STAGE NUTS: Not Using j. Grow th cap meas'ed in increas tranx process rate
26.5 Relat’shp to accept (AT), w arranty, maint provis a. Types of disputes & method of initiating remedies - Definitions - Assignm ent -
- Same difference - Exact estimate 1. Recitals The Standards k. Capacity for field modif ication or enhancement 12 . PROJECT COSTS & PAYMENT SCHED. (C)
b. Location; c. # of arbitrators ("arbs") Interpret'n
27. TRADE-IN RIGHTS (J) U-CRINGE: Unplanned Chang'g - Good grief - Test organization 2. System Desc l. Other V representations 12.1 Hw prices , if purchased (incl “bundled” sw )
d. Qualificat'ns of arb(s) e. Arb selection The 3.6 Perform ance "-ABILITIE S"
27.1 Right to upgrade to new avail hw /sw ; avail per'd Rqmts IN-validate Good 12.2 Sw prices , if purchased (& if 2b stated sep
f. Compensation of arbitrators
Economics/Engineering
BARGAIN? SW QA: ['-abilities'] hw , sw, nw , architecture 12.3 Rental or lease pymts & method of calc
27.2 Right to upgrade to curr avail hw /sw & avail per g. Arbitration rules & procedures The “HE SAID… SHE SAID…” Chart – for Failed Software Projects USERS (Extl): Avail- Depend- Flex- Integ- 12.4 License fees for softw ar e and applications
27.3 Calculation of trade-in credits h. Provisional remedies
27.4 Relat’shp to compatibility representations i. Discovery rules j. Rules of Evidence K K Area Category: What Users, Acquirers, What Vendors, Software Developers,
B Oper- Reli- Modif- Use- Scala Safety Secur-
Surviv- R&R- Config- Utility; $ Effect [vs benchm 'ks]
12.5 Training fees; Refresher train'g devel & fees
27.5 Relat’shp to guaranteed or future discounts SDLC Step 12.6 Maintenance fees for equipment and/or sw
k. Funding of arbitration costs X-Ref “-abilities” In-house IT Dept Teams Say: Sys Integrators Say: DEVELS (Internal): Adapt- Audit- Deploy- Reuse- T
27.6 Relat’shp to perform meas, AT, w arr, maint provis 12.7 Fees/$ for addl serv ices (hos ting; SaaS; BU)
1. Reimbursement of costs & fees TERMINATION 3. Funct Rqm ts & Interop- Maint- Perform- Port- Extense- Struct-
Biz Case/Reqts System doesn’t work; Not You changed y our minds; You don’t Perform Measures Manufact- Trace- Reuse- TEST- Struct- 12.8 Partial pay ments tied to major miles tones
m. Governing law n. Briefs & ADR 2, 3 Feasibility 12.9 Start date for rental or lease payments
o. Findings & conclusions Feasibility what we wanted know what you want/need; Not viable 3.7 Relationship to acceptance criteria & testing 12.10 Commenc ement date for license fees
q. Rendering & enforcement of aw ard 28. Term /Term inat'n 3.8 Relationship to ongoing m aintenance reqmts
29. Lim its/Excl to Liab Reqts Elicit/ You delivered limited 12.11 Commenc ement date for maintenance f ees
32.3 Use of sys pending resolution of disputes 3, 8 Capability You continually changed project scope
30. Taxes 31. Misc Scope Mgmt functionality/performance
Cost 12.12 Credits or offs ets f or delays or failures
32. Dispute Res Meth 4. PROJECT TIMETABLE (C) 12.13 Refunds if Contract is terminated
18. TITLE (I) If you go to court, 3, 14, BPR/
Compatibility
The system failed in the field
S You didn’t perform required ‘business C Contracts are 4.1 Definition of proj tasks 12.14 Most favored nation clause
18.1 V’s reps as to ow ner/rights to transf hw /sw you've already 15 Accept Test Computer in p roduction
Reid's & process reengineer’ to make it work an SDLC STEP 4.2 Definition of deliverables for each task 12.15 No mods/addtl char ges w /o w ritten approval
18.2 Transfer of title to hw 33.1 Biz Considerations, & RISKS (H) lost Recitals/ Q Contractsoftware, c
REqmts Your services & You conducted ref checks & Due PROJECT 4.3 Estim ating meth used; assumps; update procs 12.16 Invoic ing procedures
18.3 Retention of security interest 1, 2, 3 Credibility h 4.4 B’s responsibilities; V’s responsibilities 12.17 Supporting doc s
33.1a “59% of all O/S Ks fail” (Compass '05; Forrester
J
Feasibility Collaboration were oversold
expertise Diligence; What didn’t you do /know? MGMT (PM) 12.18 Required notic e for price incr eases
18.4 Execution of security docss 33.1b SOX/Regs adherance; No subbing to China A Remedies
(c) 1991-2008 ©2003-8 e 4. Project Timetable
4.5 Target completion dates by task
12.19 Personnel/serv ices rates to price chg order s
18.5 Release of security interest upon payment 33.1c Think w /cost 70-80% less but only profit 20-30%. RISKS & Training/ RLBernacchi, WS ca n use system! Poor
No one “Required staff” never came to 4.6 Final com pletion dates by task
10, 11 Usability W arren S. Reid Reid 5. Proj Mm t & Reporting 12.20 Limits on price increases
18.6 Title xfer to sw (or x-ref to licensing provis) In fact, m ost report 1st year savings of 0% RIGHTS Implement d
training primary/refresher training 12. Proj Costs & Pay Sched 4.7 B’s right to delay or cancel proj tasks
18.7 Ow ner/license/mkt rights to V made sw mods 33.1d 'Please You; Don’t Ask?'; 90% of tim e w /say "OK" 4.8 Major perform milestones & relat’shp to pymt sch 12.21 Right to benefit of price r educ tions
22. Loss/Damage Risk 1, 14,15 Selection Stability Sy stem fundamentally flawed We only need 2 months to fix it all 12.22 Relationship to Contract remedies
18.8 Ow ner/license/mkt rights to B made sw mods 33.1e Time Zone diff; Infrastructure poor; 22 official
too m any polit parties; Turnover by 23 Ins 24. Price Protect F&F 4.9 Delay remedies & bonuses for early perform
12.23 Payments under protest
18.9 X-ref to license & authorized use provisions 25. Renew Opts 26. 4, 5, 12, Project/Risk You never told us that! You You didn’t follow our recs; You 4.10 Relationship to termination rights
33.1f Security/privacy law s; cyber crim e; terrorism Culpability 12.24 Offset rights
18.10 Rights to use ideas/invent'ns devel dur'g proj Purch Opts 27. Trade- in 13 Mgmt gave poor advice! changed/de layed making decisions 4.11 Prompt notice of anticipated delays
33.1g M/have both orgs' staff on both sites; Build trust Rights 12.25 Relat’shp to dis pute resolution mec hanisms
33.1h Define Success (iterative, increm ental, 8, 9. 14, Bad data conversion/interface cause 6. SITE PREPARATION (D)
19. LICENSE RIGHTS (I) Testing Reliability The system is full of bugs! Contracts take 14. LOW LEVEL, SYSTEM & INTEGRAT'N TESTS (D)
33.1i. OS in internat'l m arket w /o int. ops exper 15 probs. Always have bugs! 6.1 Preparation & delivery of site prep specs
19.1 Exclusive or non-exclusive rights OWNERSHIP time, $, hard work 14.1 Diagnostic tests of hw , infra, netw are
33.1j No variety of perspectives in selection process & 6.2 B’s (or V’s) obligation to prepare site
19.2 Term of license Project You failed as Systems No! YOU failed as the SIPM. That role 14.2 All Kinds of System s:
19.3 Products covered
33.1k Using poorly devel/documented serv/prod spec I PROTECTION 4, 5, 12
Mgmt
Responsibility
Integration Proj. Mgr. - SIPM was not my job!
PRE GO- 6.3 V’s oblig to clarify specs, inspect & certify
End-User; MIS; Outsourced; Commercial;
19.4 Types of use permitted:
33.1l Not doing biz/financial due diligence on OS candid LIVE ITEMS 6.4 B’s obligation to approve Military; Operating Systems (latent error stats avail)
a. Types of equipment
33.1m Insuff know ledge of OS capacity lim its 18. Title 19. License Rts Bait & Switch! Staff unqual, hi YOU bait & switch! Staff unqualif’d, hi D 6.5 Remedies for improper site preparation 14.3 All manner of tests for funct & '-abilities' incl:
33.1n Not resolv'g ops issues b4 move to K legal 20. IP Rights Indem nity 13 Staffing Availability 6.6 Remedies for inspection errors
b. Number of CPUs 21. Confidential/Secure T/O, poor PMs, Steer Com T/O, poor PMs, Steer Com 6. Site Prep Dynam ic tests - ~85% incl:
33.1o No full com plan in effect; no escal, reg sch 7. Config Deliv/Install 6.7 Effect on proj timetable
c. Number of users 10. Training 11. Docs - w hite/black box; sub-routine; unit; integ, system
Planning/ You stopped good PM & Sys You were unwilling to comply w
d. Types of apps OutSourcing: 11 Suitability 14. Low er Level Tests - Interface, data audit, test of/w converted data
33.2 Contract ("K") Considerations (H) SDLC Dev Life Cycle (SDLC) method agreed to/promised/necess methods 15. Accept Tests 7. COMPUTER CONFIG DELIV & INSTALL (D)
e. Timesharing or service bureau activities M Kane, W Gross 7.1 Delivery of complete equipm't configuration - new funct; regression; performance; capability;
f. Locations © 2007 Michele Kane, Wendy Gross all rights reserved - Indep V&V; Viral, Security; Acceptance; Beta
You can define "SUCCESS" either BEFORE contract is 7.2 Delivery of operating sys & other system sw
g. Use by affiliates 33.3 Train both Cust & OS mgm 't & operations on O/S K H
33.1 Biz Consid's
33.2 K Consid's signed or AFTER delivery. BUT IT WILL BE DEFINED!
Contracts 'Incentivize' Parties to Cooperate
7.3 Access to site
- '-ability' (use-, scal-, port-, maint-, reuse-,
h. Transfers to other CPUs or locations 33.4 Proc to initiate/request new service, s, projs recover-, failover, stress, bullet & many more
8. CUSTOM PROGRAMMING SERVICES (E) 7.4 Installation obligations of V
i. Right to make copies, incl bkup/archiv copies
33.5 Right to use 3rd party OS to in-source/re-source SERVICE POST STAFFING CUSTOMIZE & 7.5 Installation obligations of B
Static Tests - ~15% incl:
33.6 Control of arch, tech, and org change stds GO-LIVE CONVERT 8.1 Incorp of functional processing rqmts docs - reviews; w alk-thrus; inspections
19.5 Rights to source code &/or hw mainten docs 16. Warrantees 8.2 V’s obligation to develop custom apps 7.6 Diagnost tests & relat'n to Accept Test provis
33.7 O/S obligs to update w tech advances; refresh tech 17. Maintenance 7.7 Def of completion of equipment installation 14.4 For each test level consider no. of tests and:
19.6 Relat’shp to assignment rights
19.7 Relat’shp to V’s termination rights
33.8 SLAs (how they w k, credits, contin improv oblig, s Contracts force parties E 8.3 Relat’shp to stipulated performance measures
7.8 Remedies for delays in delivery or installat'n - Goal, objectives, success criteria
33.9 Commitments regarding supplier personnel 17. MAINTENANCE (G) G
to understand objectives 8. Custom Prog Services
8.4 Relat’shp to proj timetable - Def of accept results to move to next test level
20. PROPRIETARY RIGHTS INDEMNITIES (I) 33.10 Financial terms 17.1 Start date/maint period F 9. Convert/Other Suppt Serv 8.5 Development by V of detailed design specs
7.9 Relat’shp to termination rights
- Test tools: decide, acquire, train; # test environs
33.11 Ownership of custom devel/other w ork product 17.2 V’s termination rights 13. Personnel 8.6 Review /approval by B of detailed design specs - Exper test staff: leads, SMEs, analyst, testers, QA
20.1 V’s indem vs infring: patent/ (c)/ trade sec/IP 17.3 Required notice for termination 8.7 ID B's resp to create, dev, link, test new BPR 10. TRAINING (D)
20.2 Notice of claims
33.12 Term ; terminat'n assist services/term in rights 13. PERSONNEL (F) - Test: sched, train'g, environ, equip; access
33.13 Min retent'n per for transit'ned (T) & LT key Ees 17.4 B’s renew rights for guaran period 13.1 V’s staff quals/B’s approv rights; evals; courses; expe 8.8 Prog stds spec; x-ref to sys, prog, user docs std 10.1 V’s obligation to provide training - Test results review : w ho, w hen, turnaround time
20.3 V’s obligation to defend
33.14 Diff for single silo outsourc'g than for “big bang” t 17.5 Relat’shp to performance measures 13.2 Application certified/certificates; Updated CMMi rating 8.9 Specification of change order procedures 10.2 Qualific ations of trainers - No. of shifts, def of scenarios; end-to-end tests
20.4 B’s obligation to cooperate
33.15 Keep staff know l in: apps, biz, in-scope tech, procs to 17.6 Types & Desc of maintenance support 13.3 Periods of Avail 8.10 X-ref to system & acceptance test provisions 10.3 Location of training - Std test docs; signoff; rigor & format of error logs
20.5 B’s right to participate in defense 33.16 K provisions to secure appropriate supplier talent 17.7 Notice of defects or problems 8.11 V’s responsib for acceptable unit/sys test procs 10.4 Stds for acceptable performance
13.4 Prohibitions against interruptions in Availability - Rigor of error root cause id, est to fix, fix process
20.6 V’s oblig to replace/modify infringing products 33.17 K provisions to lim it use of subs (e.g., to China) 17.8 Classific of ty pes & criticality of maint pr obs 8.12 V’s obligat'n to deliv source code & related docs 10.5 Relat’shp to timetable
13.5 Temporary replacements for sickness, etc. - Test metrics to rept progress, issues and probs
20.7 V’s rights to remove infringing products 33.3 Change process: biz, staff, tech, ind stds, law s, 17.9 Required dispatch or respond time(s) 13.6 Right to request replacements 8.13 Relat’shp to proj timetable 10.6 Relat’shp to proj costs 14.5 Desc of error severity levels and time to repair each
20.8 Calc of B’s refund for products removed by V 33.18 Limit unnecess charges: data recovery; serv re-pe 17.10 Escal of maint suppt if delays to correct probs 13.7 Prohibition against removal or reassignment 8.14 Rem edies for delays in completion 10.7 Availability of student matls 14.6 Escalation Process; SWAT - SW Adjudication Team
33.19 Baseline OS resources for ongoing suppt & projs 17.11 Maximum repair time 8.15 Relat’shp to termination rights 10.8 Avail of instructor’s matls & training 14.7 Maintenance service during testing
21. CONFIDENTIALITY & SECURITY (I) 17.12 Uptime guarantees 10.9 Number of trainees
to allow C to re-priorit/assign OS services/resources 14.8 Relat’shp to performance measures
21.1 Definition of V’s confidential information 17.13 Replacement of “lemons” 9. CONVERSION & OTHER SUPPT SERVICES (E) 10.10 B’s rights to reproduce & use training matls
21.2 Definition of B’s confidential information
16. WARRANTIES (G) 14.9 Remedies for failure to meet test criteria
33.20 K s/req OS to track: asset type/loc, ID, ser/m odel 17.14 Avail of spare parts or components 9.1 Data convert: plan, cleanse, map; load; audit; S/O 10.11 Continuing Avail of std V classes
16.1 V’s financial condition 14.10 Relat’shp to termination rights
21.3 Scope of V’s obligs for confidentiality/security #s, in serv date; sw /hw vers/upgrades; if ow n: lease, 17.15 Limits on Vs r efurbishment rights 9.2 Data & Apps sched, resources, conversion 10.12 Continuing Avail of on-site training by V
21.4 Scope of B’s obligs for confidentiality/security 16.2 hw w arranties
licen/fin resp pty; Tie apps to servers; Log s s 17.16 B’s rights to perform maintenance 16.3 sw w arranties 9.3 Development of test data 10.13 Remedies for delays in provid suitable train 15. ACCEPTANCE TESTING (D)
21.5 Remedies for breach 17.17 B’s rights to maintenance manuals 9.4 Assist to B w ith site acquisition &/or prep 15.1 Live or simulated environ; w new BPR
21.6 Relat’shp to termination provisions 33.21 Coop Oblig: betw OS/C/3rd parties; staff; facilities, 16.4 Service w arranties
17.18 B’s rights to maintenance training 9.5 Assist to B in acquiring other products/services 11. DOCUMENTATION (D) 15.2 Desc of test data & responsibility for prep
equip, sw, doc, biz process access; Adding new OSs; 16.5 Pass through of third party w arranties 15.3 Desc of test procedures & criteria
17.19 Limits on B’s rights to perform maintenance 9.6 Assist to B in locating & screening employees 11.1 Desc of types of docs
33.22 K cost reduct'n commits, process improv; Stds im 17.20 Remedies for delays in providing adeq maint 16.6 Relat’shp to performance measures 15.4 Relat’shp to funct rqmts & perform stds
9.7 Coordination of telecom procurement 11.2 Doc stds for user, system & program docs
33.23 Service level improv (esp if SLAs m et but serv uns 17.21 V’s obligation to coordinate third party maint 16.7 Start date(s)/length of w arranty period(s) 15.5 Period of testing
9.8 Responsibility for trouble-shooting 11.3 Relationship to proj timetable
16.8 Relat’shp to maintenance provisions 15.6 Review of test results
33.24 Term inat'n assist: doc plan; staff; all equip, sw , 17.22 B’s right to get maint o/s pr incipal maint period 9.9 Assist to B w ith development of backup plans 11.4 Relationship to performance measures
16.9 Scope of w arranty obligations 15.7 Correction of errors & problems
m atl, data, 3rd pty Ks/ tools to prov serv; train C/ 3rd pty 17.23 Limits on incr eases in maintenance fees 9.10 Assist to B w ith backup arrangements 11.5 B’s rights to reproduce docs
16.10 Remedies for failure to meet w arr obligs 15.8 Definition of acceptance
in equip, sw , tools; Right to em ploy OS staff; Right to 17.24 B/U equip avail during extended maint periods 9.11 Assist to B in developing security plan 11.6 B’s rights to future docs or enhancements
16.11 Assignability of warranties 15.9 Remedies for failure to meet accept criteria
33.25 Counsel’s role does not end w hen deal signed! 17.25 B’s rights to f uture enhanc ements 9.12 Assist to B in develop'g disaster recovery plan 11.7 B’s rights to source code & related docs 15.10 Relationship to w arranty & maint provisions
16.12 Relat’shp to disclaimers/Limits of V’s liabs
17.26 B’s rights to assign maintenance rights 9.13 Pre-installation machine time 11.8 Remedies for delays or inadequate docs 15.11 Relationship to termination rights
3m © 2006-2009 Warren S. Reid All Rights Reserved
2006- This model will change and be updated over time
change 25 w

26. Functional Rqmts & Project Mgmt (areas: 3, 4,
5, 12)
This Model contains 32
contract clause areas.
NOTE: Less than half of these
can be drafted by an IT contracts
attorney alone. The others
require thoughtful input from
CXO(s), CFO, biz domain & MIS
leads/ consultants
Click for full
size view of
all contract
areas:
http://www.wsrcg.c
om/PDFs/model_itc
ontracting.pdf
26 w
1m © 2006-2009 by Warren S. Reid All Rights Reserved