TALKS ABOUT THE LEGAL BASIS OF EDUCATION IN THE PHILIPPINES FROM AMERICAN PERIOD, JAPANESE PERIOD AND COMMONWEALTH

1. LEGAL BASIS OF
EDUCATION
LORENJONE S. VALDEZ

2. OBJECTIVES:
 Trace the stages that frames up the present
educational system of the Philippines.
 Discuss and explain on the different transition
and evolution of the Philippine Educational
System.

3. AMERICAN REGIME

4. BRIEF HISTORY
American Expeditionary forces were sent to Philippines with a mission
to destroy the Spanish Armanda in Manila Bay as part of the strategy to
defeat the Spaniards in the Spanish-American War ranging at that time
in Cuba.
The Americans won, and on the Treaty of Paris on December 10, 1898,
the Philippines was ceded to the United State by the Spanish for the
paltry sum of US $20 million.

5. 20 8 15 13 1 19 9 20 5 19
They are the Americans who are professionally
trained teachers sent by the United States Government
to the Philippines.
American Regime

6. THOMASITES
The first teachers of English
were the army men.
(A teacher of English was assigned in each school under
the supervision of Reverend Mckinnon – August 23,
1901 .)

7. American Regime
ACT NO. 74 of the Philippine Commission
(January 21, 1901)
Established for the Filipinos a system
of free public Education.
DEMOCRATIC
PRINCIPLE

8. American Regime
Filipinos were trained for self government preparatory
to the granting of independence after a ten year
transition period.
FUNDAMENTALS OF VOCATIONAL EDUCATION
CITIZENSHIP
MORAL
CHARACTER
Reading
Writing
Arithmetic

9. American Regime
The Americans established
Primary Schools in 1901
and
Intermediate Schools in
1904.
ACT NO. 372
Required all Provinces to maintain a
Provincial High School.
Followed the
pattern of U. S.
Education
English was
the Medium of
Instruction

10. American Regime
Tarlac holds the distinction as the First Province
to erect the first Provincial High School in the Country
on September 1, 1902 with Mr. Frank Russel White as
the First Principal.
Did you know?

11. American Regime
PHILIPPINE NORMAL UNIVERSITY-
JANUARY 21, 1901
UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES–
JUNE 18, 1908
Founded to afford the Filipinos Higher
Education

12. COMMONWEALTH PERIOD
The second President of
the Philippines (1935 –
1944)
He was born in Baler
Aurora.
Quezon was married to
his first cousin Aurora
Aragon.
July 4, 1946- this was the preparatory step
to the established of the Third Philippine
Republic.

13. COMMONWEALTH PERIOD
The Constitution provided that:
All schools shall aim to develop moral character, personal
discipline, civic consciousness, vocational efficiency and to
teach the duties of citizenship.

14. COMMONWEALTH PERIOD
–
February 1936
Created for the purpose of implementing
Educational policies and necessary changes to make
learning effective and relevant to the Filipino students.
FILIPINIZATION OF EDUCATION

15. COMMONWEALTH PERIOD
Adaptation of national language and its inclusion in the
course of study with the enforcement of an executive order
making the local dialect as the auxiliary medium of
instruction in the primary grades.
Observance of patriotic calendar.
Character education to be given in a separate period of
instruction.

16. COMMONWEALTH PERIOD
Preparatory military training to be enforced both in public
and private schools.
The implementation of adult learning
The inclusion of miscellaneous activities, like school
programs and folk dancing.
The use of a prescribed school program of activities.

17. JAPANESE REGIME

18. TIME LINE
1.) DECEMBER 8, 1941 - Attack on the Pearl Harbor
2.) JANUARY 2, 1942- General Masaharu Homma announces the end
of the American Occupation
3.) APRIL 9, 1942- Bataan Death March
4.) OCTOBER 14, 1943- The Japanese Sponsored Philippine Republic
was inaugurated.
5.) AUGUST 1, 1944- Quezon dies of tuberculosis. Sergio Osmeña
assumes presidency
6.) OCTOBER 20, 1944 - “I shall return”
7.) AUGUST 17, 1945 - Pres. Laurel formally dissolves the Second
Republic
8.) SEPTEMBER 2, 1945 - General Yamashita formally signed the
official document of surrender of all Japanese Forces

19. JAPANESE REGIME
Military Order No. 2 in 1942 - Japanese educational
policies. The Philippine Executive Commission-
Commission of Education, Health and Public Welfare and
schools reopened in June 1942. On October 14, 1943, the
Japanese - sponsored Republic created the Ministry of
Education. Tagalog, Philippine History, and Character
Education was reserved for Filipinos. Love for work and
dignity of labor was emphasized. February 27, 1945, the
Department of Instruction was made part of the Department
of Public Instruction.

20. JAPANESE REGIME
THE GOALS OF EDUCATION:
Prepare the Filipinos in the establishment of Greater East Asia Co-
Prosperity Sphere.
Abolish Western Culture as to the development of Asian Culture.
Introduce the Japanese Language and to abolish English Language.
Pay importance to Basic Education and to Introduce Vocational
Education.
Encourage all Filipinos to develop their love for work and manual
labour.

21. JAPANESE REGIME
It was de rigour to sing the Japanese Imperial Anthem in
school and bow before the Emperor’s photograph.

22. Japanese Language – NIPPONGO and Culture were
aggressively propagated. They were offered as compulsory
courses in schools and were included in CIVIL SERVICE
TEST.
JAPANESE REGIME

23. JAPANESE REGIME
The Japanese Era was considered the time which Filipino
Language bloomed. Filipino was used as the official
Language of the country, in teaching Philippine History and
Character Education.

24. JAPANESE REGIME
EDUCATION SYSTEM DURING JAPANESE PERIOD WITH
REGARDS TO THE FOUR PILLARS OF EDUCATION
Learning to know Learning to do Learning to live together
Learning to be Learning and adaptation of Niponggo
Importance of basic education through elementary education.
The curriculum gives promotes vocational skills. Education
emphasizes love of work. Orient Filipino that the Philippines is
a member of the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere.
Education aims to foster a new Filipino Culture based on self-
consciousness of the people as Orientals. Education elevates
the morality of the people.

25. ODDITIONAL INFO
• The Trifocal Education System DECS’ - elementary, secondary
and non-formal education, including culture and sports.
TESDA- post-secondary, middle-level manpower training and
development CHED is responsible for higher
education August 2001, Republic Act 9155, (Governance of
Basic Education Act) (DECS) to (DepEd) redefining the role
of field offices (regional offices, division offices, district
offices and schools).
• 12. RA 9155provides the overall framework for (i) school head
empowerment by strengthening their leadership roles (ii)
school-based management within the context of transparency
and local accountability. goal of basic education: provide the
school age population and young adults with skills,
knowledge, and values to become caring, self-reliant,
productive and patriotic citizens.

26. QUESTION TO POUNDER!
WHAT COULD BE THE BENEFITS THAT US
TEACHER MAY HAVE AFTER STUDYING THE
HISTORICAL FOUNDATION OF THE PHILIPPINE
EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM?

27. SOURCES:
Historical, Philosophical and Legal Foundation of Education ( Manuel
G. Lacuesta, Maura G. Tangco) page. 73
Department of Education, Culture and Sports. Facts and Figures on
Philippine Education, February 1997- Mindo, Dinah F.
Thomasite History of Tarlac Province 1901- 1913.

29. @
FOR
!!!!