Labor Skill and Integration in Cambodia

1. PAÑÑĀSĀSTRA UNIVERSITY OF
CAMBODIA
Subject: ASEAN, Governments, Politics, and Economics
Professor: Thun Buntheoun
Room: Prasat Nearng Kmao
Topic
Labor Skill and Integration in Cambodia
Group1
STUDENT: 1.TORN KEARA 2.MONG PISEY
3.CHHAT PUTHEANY 4.TONG TERANG
5.MOULSEM CHORMVIRAK

2. CONTENT
I. Objectives of the topic
1. What is integration?
2. Why Cambodia join ASEAN?
3. How Cambodia prepare for ASEAN integration
I. What is labor skill?
1. How the labor skill in Cambodia look like?
2. Does it has any effect on ASEAN integration?
II. How can labor skill in Cambodia compete with
other?
III. What are the policy should Cambodia’s
government have, to reinforce the labor skill?
Presenter : Torn Keara

3. I. OBJECTIVES
 The objectives of this topic are to:
 Know the basic information of skilled labor in
Cambodia.
 Understand the situation of Cambodia skilled
labour.
 Analyze challenges of skilled labour.
 Try to find solutions to this issue.

4. WHAT IS INTEGRATION?
 ASEAN integration is the combination of
cooperation of ASEAN member states.
 Is the interrelationship among its member
states in purpose of Asean Economic
Community (AEC).
 Is the collective cooperation of Asean Nation
Presenter : Torn Keara

5. WHY CAMBODIA JOIN ASEAN?
-To look for the development, modernization,
and globalization.
- “There is no doubt that the ASEAN
membership brings Cambodia critical and
promising opportunity to polish its reputation in
global context, enhance human rights, and
trace economic and tourism development.”
http://www.lawteacher.net/free-law-essays/international-law/asean-and-history-of-cambodias-
membership-international-law-essay.php
Presenter : Torn Keara

6. HOW CAMBODIA PREPARE FOR ASEAN
INTEGRATION?
In Cambodia look very enlarge of education. But
still not enough for integration such as English
speaking will use informal in a whole members
states. English is very useful for communication. In
fact, only 30% of people that prepares well to show
their abilities to fulfill their duties.
Presenter : Mong Pisey

7. WHAT IS LABOR SKILL?
Labor skill is generally any type of occupation
that requires some degree of skill or training
but does not require a college degree.
Presenter : Mong Pisey

8. HOW THE LABOR SKILL IN CAMBODIA LOOK
LIKE?
 80% of labor in the economy is in rural areas, 50%
of workforce has not finished primary school.
 labor skill is very low because poor of education
system to compare with another country in ASEAN
member states : private school and public schools.
1. Quality of private education provider:
• 5% excellent
• 30% good
• 40% averages
• 20% poor
• 5% extremely poor
Presenter : Chhat Putheany

9. 2. Quality of public education provider:
• 0% excellent
• 20% extremely poor
• 30% poor
• 40% average
• 10% good
 quality of skill level: higher education and
vocational training course can not compete with
another country in ASEAN.
• higher education ( from bachelor degree to
PHD):29500-33000 graduates per year, female
have11500-13000. 54% that have job.
• Vocational training course: more than 1000
students, female 30%. Have 38 institutions that
provider.
Presenter : Chhat Putheany

10.  Skills gap:
• 55% that employees did not perform their jobs
• at the require level.
• 26% not perform as expected.
• 19% can accept.
 Skills shortage:
• Low number of applicant with the required skills
34%.
• Arise in a situation in which employers face
difficulties in recruiting staff with the skill needed.
• Lack of work experience the company demands
33%.
• Lack of qualifications the company demands
19%.
Presenter : Chhat Putheany

11. CHALLENGING
 Cambodian students fear losing jobs in ASEAN
integration.
 Our education systems : Cambodian students have less
technical skills.
 We don’t have many institutes to provide vocational
skills.
 The abilities of foreign languages, job specific task, and
manual dexterity.
 Economic crisis :
 Cambodia economy is concentrated on narrow base.
 Loss of import revenues when tariff reduce to 0%.
Presenter : Chhat Putheany

12.  Cambodia population : 14.7m, 8.8m in the labor
force.
 Cambodia’s economy is dependent on four main
sectors: tourism, construction, agriculture, and
garment manufacturing.
“What are the jobs flow in the ASEAN 2015
integration?”
(engineers, architectures, doctors, lawyers , accountants)
 BUT: the majority of Cambodian laborers are farmers,
construction workers and factory workers who lack
technical skills.
Presenter : Tong Terang
HOW CAN LABOR SKILL IN CAMBODIA COMPETE
WITH OTHER?

13. COMPARISON LABOR SKILLS IN CAMBODIA
Enrolment rates and returns on education
Presenter : Tong Terang

14. COMPARISON LABOR SKILLS IN CAMBODIA
Expanding but unskilled labor force
Presenter : Tong Terang

15. COMPARISON LABOR SKILLS IN CAMBODIA
 According to the HRINC 2011 survey, 501-1000
employers
 73% of employers reported that university graduates do not
have the right skills
 62% of employers noted that vocational training graduates do
not have the right skills
 Deab Sophirak, deputy director for Chamroeun University of
Poly-Technology, said 500 students graduate from his school
every year. Only about 10 find jobs, he said.
 Bun Chenda, 26, graduated Build Bright University with a
tourism degree three years ago, says she can’t find work.
“When I studied at school, I studied only theory, and did not
practice, so I don’t have specific skills to find a job,” she
said.
Presenter : Tong Terang

16. COMPARISON LABOR SKILLS IN CAMBODIA
“Graduates with the right skills is low”
Here it come 2015, do you think we are ready
for the ASEAN integration?
Presenter : Tong Terang

17. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
 Education
 Scholarship
 Job Opportunity and high salary
 Training & Short-Course
 Accessing information
Presenter : Moulsem Chormvirak

18. REFFERENCE.
• www.ilo.org/asia.
• Pich Rithy, ministry of commerce, 16th
September, 2014 at Dara Airport hotel,
Phnom Penh.
• According to the country officer for Thailand,
Cambodia and Lao’s democratic republic.

19. THANK YOU FOR ATTENTION