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A Business Plan for Girls: A Quick 7 Steps

1. Identify hotspots of socially-excluded, economically
   poor, at-risk girls, such as:
• Girls in sub-national districts with high levels of child and forced
marriage

•Girls 10-14 out of school or significantly behind grade for their age,
especially those living apart from one or both parents

•Girls and young women 10-24 in high HIV zones

•Married girls, subject to high levels of unprotected sex, putting them at
risk of sexually-transmitted diseases including HIV, facing substantial
pressure for early and rapid childbearing
2. Generate maps by sub-region and by urban community

           Percent of Girls 10-14 not in school and not living with either parent in Mozambique (137,768 )




Source: “The Adolescent Experience In-Depth: Using Data to Identify and Reach the Most Vulnerable Young People” New York:
Population Council, 2009. http://www.popcouncil.org/publications/serialsbriefs/AdolExpInDepth.asp
3. Pay Intelligent Attention to
     Numbers and Intensity of Risk

The focus on sub-national regions and
specific communities with high
concentrations of effected girls is vital to the
efficient targeting of scarce resources. We
must finally get over a sometimes exclusive,
“big country” focus. The focus on big
countries carries with it the assumption that
they bring automatic leverage and numbers.
Consider This: There are Large Populations of Girls
 who are Out-of-School and at High Risk who Do Not
                Live in Big Countries
       Region                                                                         Estimation of girls 10-14 who are out of
                                                                                      school and “off-track”
       Francophone West Africa
       (Benin, Burkina Faso, Guinea, Mali, Niger, Senegal, Togo)                                                   2,737,575
       Central America                                                                                              220,775
       (Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua)

       Large countries
       Bangladesh                                                                                                    457,156
       Ethiopia                                                                                                    2,418,472
       India                                                                                                      12,965,088
       Kenya                                                                                                         237,649
       Nigeria                                                                                                     2,817,995
       Tanzania                                                                                                      375,680
Sources: United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects.: The 2008 Revision. Latest DHS data available for given countries cited from “The Adolescent
Experience in-Depth”, by Population Council. Tabulations by Sarah Engebretsen.
Step 4: Within your potential project locations, determine number of
   eligible girls in key categories to inform recruitment plans and set
                               threshold goals
During the Burkina Capacity Building Workshop in 2010, a participant from Benin created a table to illustrate
 the categories of vulnerable girls in Benin per region, and thereby number of eligible program beneficiaries




Source: Joseph Avocat, UNFPA Benin. “Apercu des groupes cibles Benin.” June 2010
Step 5: Project Investment
                                 Requirements
        A notional range of costs for girl programming based on five programs in five
        different settings which had reach some scale generated a range (heavily
        conditioned by context) of per hour per girl from $0.29 to $2.45 with an
        average cost of $1.47

        The $0.29 figure was from a fairly “low-touch” girl savings program and the
        $2.45 figure was from a relatively ambitious second-chance schooling
        program for girls

        Effective program-based intervention can be as little as 31 hours.

        These costs vary by program ambition and type but it is not unusually costly
        to produce measurable results at level of the girl, some of which can, if
        scaled effectively, translate into changing community norms and indicators.

Source: Editors: Sewall-Menon, Jessica and Bruce, Judith. “The Cost of Reaching the Most Disadvantaged Girls:
Programmatic Evidence from Egypt, Ethiopia, Guatemala, Kenya and Uganda, and South Africa.” Forthcoming
Step 6: Identify Key Stakeholders Willing to Make
Sequential Investments which Reach at Least One-Third of
   Girls in Each Key Category in Highly Affected Zones

    Country      Zone        Category of Girls     Donor



    Niger        A           Girls 10-14 at risk   X
                             of child marriage
    Mozambique   B           Out of school girls   Y
                             8-16 at risk of
                             poor reproductive
                             health outcomes
    Tanzania     C           Bar girls 16-20 at    Z
                             risk of sexual and
                             economic
                             exploitation
Step 7: Count Access and Results

Estimate the girls who are direct program
beneficiaries

Estimate the indirect program beneficiaries--
girls in relevant geographic and social
relationships to girls most directly reached
We can think of access for a girls’ program (like a health
service) as having both direct and indirect beneficiaries as
         measured in geographic and social access

                                 Another 400 girls 10-14
         3 km radius

             200                     Another 600 girls
                                       8-9 & 15-18
             Girls
Scaling Out and Up: A state of 3 million people of which 7% are girls 10-14 (210,000
 girls) has 100 places which serves 200 girls 10-14 each per year (about a 1/3 of the
girls in the community within the age segment). These programs have 20,000 direct
       beneficiaries and another 100,000 girls living in range of a girls’ platform.


                   v

                                       v
                                                                       Total program access:
                           v                                         20,000 girls w/direct access
                                                       v           + 40,000 w/ indirect access same age
                                                           v
               v                                                     60,000 w/ indirect access and older
                                           v               v
                                               v               v              120,000 girls (10-19)
                               v
                                   v                           v
           v


                       v                       v
                           v                       v

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A business plan for girls

  • 1. A Business Plan for Girls: A Quick 7 Steps 1. Identify hotspots of socially-excluded, economically poor, at-risk girls, such as: • Girls in sub-national districts with high levels of child and forced marriage •Girls 10-14 out of school or significantly behind grade for their age, especially those living apart from one or both parents •Girls and young women 10-24 in high HIV zones •Married girls, subject to high levels of unprotected sex, putting them at risk of sexually-transmitted diseases including HIV, facing substantial pressure for early and rapid childbearing
  • 2. 2. Generate maps by sub-region and by urban community Percent of Girls 10-14 not in school and not living with either parent in Mozambique (137,768 ) Source: “The Adolescent Experience In-Depth: Using Data to Identify and Reach the Most Vulnerable Young People” New York: Population Council, 2009. http://www.popcouncil.org/publications/serialsbriefs/AdolExpInDepth.asp
  • 3. 3. Pay Intelligent Attention to Numbers and Intensity of Risk The focus on sub-national regions and specific communities with high concentrations of effected girls is vital to the efficient targeting of scarce resources. We must finally get over a sometimes exclusive, “big country” focus. The focus on big countries carries with it the assumption that they bring automatic leverage and numbers.
  • 4. Consider This: There are Large Populations of Girls who are Out-of-School and at High Risk who Do Not Live in Big Countries Region Estimation of girls 10-14 who are out of school and “off-track” Francophone West Africa (Benin, Burkina Faso, Guinea, Mali, Niger, Senegal, Togo) 2,737,575 Central America 220,775 (Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua) Large countries Bangladesh 457,156 Ethiopia 2,418,472 India 12,965,088 Kenya 237,649 Nigeria 2,817,995 Tanzania 375,680 Sources: United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects.: The 2008 Revision. Latest DHS data available for given countries cited from “The Adolescent Experience in-Depth”, by Population Council. Tabulations by Sarah Engebretsen.
  • 5. Step 4: Within your potential project locations, determine number of eligible girls in key categories to inform recruitment plans and set threshold goals During the Burkina Capacity Building Workshop in 2010, a participant from Benin created a table to illustrate the categories of vulnerable girls in Benin per region, and thereby number of eligible program beneficiaries Source: Joseph Avocat, UNFPA Benin. “Apercu des groupes cibles Benin.” June 2010
  • 6. Step 5: Project Investment Requirements A notional range of costs for girl programming based on five programs in five different settings which had reach some scale generated a range (heavily conditioned by context) of per hour per girl from $0.29 to $2.45 with an average cost of $1.47 The $0.29 figure was from a fairly “low-touch” girl savings program and the $2.45 figure was from a relatively ambitious second-chance schooling program for girls Effective program-based intervention can be as little as 31 hours. These costs vary by program ambition and type but it is not unusually costly to produce measurable results at level of the girl, some of which can, if scaled effectively, translate into changing community norms and indicators. Source: Editors: Sewall-Menon, Jessica and Bruce, Judith. “The Cost of Reaching the Most Disadvantaged Girls: Programmatic Evidence from Egypt, Ethiopia, Guatemala, Kenya and Uganda, and South Africa.” Forthcoming
  • 7. Step 6: Identify Key Stakeholders Willing to Make Sequential Investments which Reach at Least One-Third of Girls in Each Key Category in Highly Affected Zones Country Zone Category of Girls Donor Niger A Girls 10-14 at risk X of child marriage Mozambique B Out of school girls Y 8-16 at risk of poor reproductive health outcomes Tanzania C Bar girls 16-20 at Z risk of sexual and economic exploitation
  • 8. Step 7: Count Access and Results Estimate the girls who are direct program beneficiaries Estimate the indirect program beneficiaries-- girls in relevant geographic and social relationships to girls most directly reached
  • 9. We can think of access for a girls’ program (like a health service) as having both direct and indirect beneficiaries as measured in geographic and social access Another 400 girls 10-14 3 km radius 200 Another 600 girls 8-9 & 15-18 Girls
  • 10. Scaling Out and Up: A state of 3 million people of which 7% are girls 10-14 (210,000 girls) has 100 places which serves 200 girls 10-14 each per year (about a 1/3 of the girls in the community within the age segment). These programs have 20,000 direct beneficiaries and another 100,000 girls living in range of a girls’ platform. v v Total program access: v 20,000 girls w/direct access v + 40,000 w/ indirect access same age v v 60,000 w/ indirect access and older v v v v 120,000 girls (10-19) v v v v v v v v