Similarity based methods for word sense disambiguation

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vini89

Education

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CLIN-2015 Presentation Word Sense Disambiguation is still an unsolved problem in Natural Language Processing. We claim that most approaches do not model the context correctly, by relying too much on the local context (the words surrounding the word in question), or on the most frequent sense of a word. In order to provide evidence for this claim, we conducted an in-depth analysis of all-words tasks of the competitions that have been organized (Senseval 2&3, Semeval-2007, Semeval-2010, Semeval 2013). We focused on the average error rate per competition and across competitions per part of speech, lemma, relative frequency class, and polysemy class. In addition, we inspected the “difficulty” of a token(word) by calculating the average polysemy of the words in the sentence of a token. Finally, we inspected to what extent systems always chose the most frequent sense. The results from Senseval 2, which are representative of other competitions, showed that the average error rate for monosemous words was 33.3% due to part of speech errors. This number was 71% for multiword and phrasal verbs. In addition, we observe that higher polysemy yields a higher error rate. Moreover, we do not observe a drop in the error rate if there are multiple occurrences of the same lemma, which might indicate that systems rely mostly on the sentence itself. Finally, out of the 799 tokens for which the correct sense was not the most frequent sense, system still assigned the most frequent sense in 84% of the cases. For future work, we plan to develop a strategy in order to determine in which context the predominant sense should be assigned, and more importantly when it should not be assigned. One of the most important parts of this strategy would be to not only determine the meaning of a specific word, but to also know it’s referential meaning. For example, in the case of the lemma ‘winner’, we do not only want to know what ‘winner’ means, but we also want to know what this ‘winner’ won and who this ‘winner’ was.

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Experimental work done regarding the use of Topic Modeling for the implementation and the improvement of some common tasks of Information Retrieval and Word Sense Disambiguation. First of all it describes the scenario, the pre-processing pipeline realized and the framework used. After we we face a discussion related to the investigation of some different hyperparameters configurations for the LDA algorithm. This work continues dealing with the retrieval of relevant documents mainly through two different approaches: inferring the topics distribution of the held out document (or query) and comparing it to retrieve similar collection’s documents or through an approach driven by probabilistic querying. The last part of this work is devoted to the investigation of the word sense disambiguation task.

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Similarity based methods for word sense disambiguation

vini89

Words can have more than one distinct meaning and many words can be interpreted in multiple ways depending on the context in which they occur. The process of automatically identifying the meaning of a polysemous word in a sentence is a fundamental task in Natural Language Processing (NLP). This phenomenon poses challenges to Natural Language Processing systems. There have been many efforts on word sense disambiguation for English; however, the amount of efforts for Amharic is very little. Many natural language processing applications, such as Machine Translation, Information Retrieval, Question Answering, and Information Extraction, require this task, which occurs at the semantic level. In this thesis, a knowledge-based word sense disambiguation method that employs Amharic WordNet is developed. Knowledge-based Amharic WSD extracts knowledge from word definitions and relations among words and senses. The proposed system consists of preprocessing, morphological analysis and disambiguation components besides Amharic WordNet database. Preprocessing is used to prepare the input sentence for morphological analysis and morphological analysis is used to reduce various forms of a word to a single root or stem word. Amharic WordNet contains words along with its different meanings, synsets and semantic relations with in concepts. Finally, the disambiguation component is used to identify the ambiguous words and assign the appropriate sense of ambiguous words in a sentence using Amharic WordNet by using sense overlap and related words. We have evaluated the knowledge-based Amharic word sense disambiguation using Amharic WordNet system by conducting two experiments. The first one is evaluating the effect of Amharic WordNet with and without morphological analyzer and the second one is determining an optimal windows size for Amharic WSD. For Amharic WordNet with morphological analyzer and Amharic WordNet without morphological analyzer we have achieved an accuracy of 57.5% and 80%, respectively. In the second experiment, we have found that two-word window on each side of the ambiguous word is enough for Amharic WSD. The test results have shown that the proposed WSD methods have performed better than previous Amharic WSD methods. Keywords: Natural Language Processing, Amharic WordNet, Word Sense Disambiguation, Knowledge Based Approach, Lesk Algorithm

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